According to the Supreme People’s Court’s WeChat WeChat official account, on March 5th, the Supreme People’s Court, together with the All-China Women’s Federation, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Justice and the Health and Health Commission, jointly issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Implementation of the Personal Safety Protection Order System (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). The background and main contents of the Opinions are as follows:

First, the background of the Opinions

The Anti-Domestic Violence Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Anti-Domestic Violence Law), which was implemented in 2016, established a personal safety protection order system, stipulating that a party who has suffered from domestic violence or is in real danger of domestic violence may apply to the people’s court for a personal safety protection order. This system is of great significance for preventing and stopping domestic violence. In the six years since the implementation of the Anti-Domestic Violence Law, people’s courts at all levels have actively performed their duties, and the number of personal safety protection orders has increased year by year, effectively preventing and stopping the occurrence or recurrence of domestic violence. However, in recent years, there have been some problems in practice, such as the high threshold for issuing personal safety protection orders, the judge’s uncertainty about "facing the real danger of domestic violence" and the unclear responsibilities of relevant departments in the specific implementation of the personal safety protection order system, which have affected the effective play of the system. In order to implement the important exposition spirit of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on paying attention to the construction of family education style, in 2021, the Supreme People’s Court launched a special study on the implementation of the personal safety protection order system, aiming at the problems that frequently occur in practice and need to be solved urgently, perfecting and refining relevant regulations, and improving the strength and level of protection for victims of domestic violence.

II. Main contents of the Opinions

The "Opinions" consist of 20 articles, which stipulate the principles that should be followed in implementing the personal safety protection order system, the specific responsibilities of various departments, and the obligation to assist in execution.

(a) clearly implement the principle of personal safety protection order system should be followed.

Protecting the legitimate rights and interests of family members, especially women, minors, the elderly and the disabled according to law, is the requirement of thoroughly implementing the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law and the spirit of the important exposition of the supreme leader’s general secretary on paying attention to family education, maintaining equal, harmonious and civilized family relations and promoting family harmony and social stability. The people’s courts take a clear-cut stand against domestic violence and provide protection for the legitimate rights and interests of victims of domestic violence by judicial means. The Opinions clarify that the implementation of personal safety protection orders should be guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, adhere to the principle of protecting victims in a timely and effective manner according to law, adhere to the principle of protecting the privacy of the parties, and adhere to the principle of respecting the true wishes of the victims.

(2) Pay more attention to the protection of minors’ rights and interests.

The Civil Code has made provisions that are "most beneficial" to the ward and the adoptee, respectively, in cases involving minors such as guardianship and adoption. The Law on the Protection of Minors, revised in 2020, will also adhere to the principle of being most beneficial to minors. The Opinions actively implement the legal spirit of policies related to the protection of minors, give special and priority protection to minors, clearly implement the personal safety protection order, and also adhere to the principle of being most beneficial to minors. With regard to minors’ receiving inquiries and giving testimony, it is specifically stipulated to provide them with a suitable place environment and not to testify in court, giving full consideration to the physical and mental characteristics of minors and respecting their personal dignity.

(3) Refine and clarify the contents of compulsory reporting obligations of relevant departments.

In practice, victims of domestic violence are unable to take legal weapons to protect their legitimate rights and interests because they don’t know or dare to apply for personal safety protection orders. The timely intervention of relevant government departments is of great significance for the timely protection of victims of domestic violence. To this end, the Opinions stipulate that civil affairs departments and medical institutions should report to the public security organs in a timely manner when they find that people with no or limited capacity for civil conduct have suffered or are suspected of suffering from domestic violence during their work and diagnosis and treatment; Schools and kindergartens should report to the public security, civil affairs, education and other relevant departments in a timely manner when they find that minors have suffered or are suspected of suffering from domestic violence, and give full play to the joint efforts of various departments to jointly protect the legitimate rights and interests of victims of domestic violence. In addition, the Opinions also require judicial administrative organs to increase legal aid to victims of domestic violence, unblock channels for applying for legal aid, and help victims of domestic violence use legal weapons to protect their rights and interests.

(four) detailed personal safety protection order execution procedures.

Article 32 of the Anti-Domestic Violence Law stipulates that the personal safety protection order shall be executed by the people’s court, and the public security organs, residents’ committees and villagers’ committees shall assist in the execution. However, this provision is relatively principled, and how to enter into enforcement after the personal safety protection order is made and how to assist the enforcement department need to be further refined and implemented. The execution of personal safety protection orders can be divided into two categories: one is the execution as an obligation, such as "the respondent moves out of the applicant’s residence"; The other is the execution of the obligation of omission, such as "prohibiting the respondent from harassing, stalking or contacting the applicant and its related close relatives". For the obligation of omission, it is not necessary for the parties to apply for enforcement, but if the respondent violates the personal safety protection order, the applicant may apply to the people’s court for enforcement; If the respondent fails to perform the obligation of conduct, the applicant may apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution. The Opinions clarify that if the respondent fails to perform or violates the personal safety protection order, the applicant may apply to the people’s court for enforcement. The Opinions also specify the obligations of public security organs, residents’ committees, villagers’ committees, women’s federations and other relevant units to assist in the implementation. Among them, the public security department not only helps to supervise and urge compliance with the personal safety protection order, but also needs to inform the people’s court of the situation when the respondent violates the personal safety protection order in time, so as to truly realize departmental linkage.Residents’ committees, villagers’ committees and women’s federations can give full play to their advantages in resolving contradictions and disputes, track and record the implementation of personal safety protection orders, provide legal education and psychological counseling, and help victims contact the people’s courts and public security organs in time to effectively mobilize the vitality of the coordinated anti-domestic violence linkage mechanism of various departments.

In the next step, all departments will strictly implement the provisions of the Opinions and effectively implement the system of personal safety protection orders.

Attached:

The Supreme People’s Court All-China Women’s Federation, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Civil Affairs, Health and Health Committee of Ministry of Justice, Opinions on Strengthening the Implementation of Personal Safety Protection Order System

In order to further prevent and stop domestic violence, protect the legitimate rights and interests of family members, especially women, minors, the elderly and the disabled, maintain equal, harmonious and civilized family relations, and promote family harmony and social stability, we hereby put forward the following opinions on strengthening the implementation of the personal safety protection order system:

First, adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. Thoroughly implement the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law and the important exposition spirit of the general secretary of the supreme leader on paying attention to the construction of family education style, actively cultivate and practice socialist core values in the family, cultivate good family style, carry forward family virtues, and prevent and stop domestic violence to the maximum extent.

Second, adhere to the principle of legal, timely and effective protection of victims. All departments should continue to increase assistance to victims of domestic violence in terms of temporary shelter, legal aid and judicial assistance, and establish a multi-level, diversified and three-dimensional assistance system. It is necessary to deeply understand the private and sudden characteristics of domestic violence, improve the evidence awareness of victims of domestic violence, and guide them to save and submit evidence in time according to law.

Third, adhere to the principle of respecting the true wishes of the victims. All departments should listen to the victims’ opinions on what kind of safety protection measures to take, whether to apply for a personal safety protection order, and how to deal with the perpetrators in accepting complaints, reflections, seeking help, accepting cases and referring them for disposal, so as to increase psychological counseling for the victims.

Fourth, adhere to the principle of protecting the privacy of the parties. All departments should pay attention to protecting the privacy of the parties, especially minors, in accepting cases, assisting in execution and fulfilling compulsory reporting obligations. If the victim has moved out of the common residence with the offender, the victim’s whereabouts or contact information shall not be informed to the offender, and the current residence of the victim shall not be listed in the relevant documents and receipts. Personal safety protection orders shall not be made public in principle.

Fifth, promote the establishment of a coordinated anti-domestic violence work mechanism among various departments. Actively promote the prevention and control of domestic violence into the comprehensive management system of social security, and give play to the role of the evaluation mechanism of safe construction. Improve the anti-domestic violence work system in which people’s courts, public security organs, civil affairs departments, judicial administrative departments, education departments, health departments and women’s federations participate. Make full use of the achievements of informatization construction and strengthen the collaborative sharing of data among departments. Explore accurate tracking and real-time supervision through special project files and graded early warning.

Six, the public security organs should strengthen the concept and consciousness of intervening in domestic violence according to law, strengthen the handling of domestic violence police, strengthen the warning to the perpetrators, and issue a warning book on domestic violence according to the law. Pay attention to the collection and fixation of evidence, actively cooperate with the people’s courts to obtain evidence according to their functions and powers, and provide police records, warnings, inquiry (inquiry) transcripts, etc. Conditional places can establish a domestic violence alarm linkage mechanism and a warning notification mechanism with people’s courts, civil affairs departments, women’s federations, etc.

Seven, the civil affairs department should strengthen the training and guidance of residents’ committees, villagers’ committees, social work service agencies, relief management agencies, welfare institutions, etc. Residents’ committees, villagers’ committees, social work service agencies, rescue management agencies, welfare agencies and their staff members who find that people with no capacity for civil conduct or with limited capacity for civil conduct have suffered or are suspected of suffering from domestic violence in their work shall promptly report to the public security organs. Implement the "Guiding Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Shelter and Assistance for Victims of Domestic Violence", strengthen the construction of temporary shelters and the allocation of personnel and funds, and provide timely assistance services such as referral and resettlement, legal aid and mediation of marriage and family disputes for victims of domestic violence.

Eight, the judicial administrative department shall increase the intensity of legal aid for victims of domestic violence, unblock the channels for applying for legal aid, and improve the service network. According to the actual situation, all localities can establish legal aid workstations or contact points relying on local women’s federations to facilitate domestic violence victims to seek legal aid nearby. Strengthen the publicity of laws and regulations such as the law on domestic violence, the law on the protection of minors, the law on the protection of women’s rights and interests, and the law on the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly. Give full play to the advantages of people’s mediation, do a solid job in the investigation and resolution of marriage and family disputes, and prevent domestic violence.

Nine, medical institutions in the process of diagnosis and treatment, found that the injured may suffer from domestic violence, to do a good job in the information registration and diagnosis and treatment records of the injured, the chief complaint, injury and treatment process of the injured, accurate, objective and comprehensive records in the medical records. The establishment of medical and police linkage mechanism, in the process of diagnosis and treatment, it is found that people without civil capacity or with limited civil capacity have suffered or are suspected of suffering from domestic violence, they should report the case to the public security organ in time, and actively cooperate with the public security organ to do a good job in collecting medical diagnosis and treatment data.

Ten, schools and kindergartens should strengthen the publicity and education of the law on the protection of minors, the law on the prevention of juvenile delinquency, the law on domestic violence and other laws and regulations. Pay attention to the cooperation between home and school and home. If minors are found to have suffered or suspected to have suffered domestic violence, they should report to the relevant departments of public security, civil affairs, education and so on in a timely manner according to the Provisions on the Protection of Minors’ Schools. Pay attention to protecting the privacy of minors and strengthen psychological counseling and intervention.

Eleven, the people’s court shall establish a "green channel" for accepting cases of personal safety protection orders, increase the intensity of obtaining evidence ex officio, and make personal safety protection orders in a timely manner according to law. The grass-roots people’s courts and their dispatched people’s courts shall provide litigation guidance services for the parties to apply for personal safety protection orders in the filing hall or litigation service center.

Twelve, adhere to the principle of the most beneficial to minors. All departments should fully consider the physical and mental characteristics of minors when listening to the opinions of minors or making inquiry records on the facts of domestic violence, provide suitable places and environments, and adopt inquiry methods that minors can understand to protect their privacy and safety. When necessary, psychological counselors or social workers can be arranged to assist in the work. In the case of personal safety protection order of minors as victims, the people’s court may notify legal aid institutions to provide legal aid for them. Minor children who provide testimony as witnesses may not testify in court.

Thirteen, all departments in the process of accepting domestic violence complaints, reflecting, seeking help or dealing with marriage and family disputes, found that the parties suffered from domestic violence or faced with real danger of domestic violence, should take the initiative to inform them that they can apply to the people’s court for personal safety protection order.

14. After making the personal safety protection order, the people’s court shall serve it on the parties concerned within 24 hours, and also on the local police station, residents’ committee and villagers’ committee. It may also serve it on local women’s federations, schools, organizations for the protection of minors, disabled persons’ federations and organizations for the elderly established according to law as appropriate.

15. When the people’s court serves the personal safety protection order, it shall pay attention to explanation and persuasion education, urge the respondent to abide by the personal safety protection order, and inform him of the legal consequences of violating the personal safety protection order. If the respondent fails to perform or violates the personal safety protection order, the applicant may apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution. If the respondent violates the personal safety protection order, which does not constitute a crime, the people’s court shall give an admonition, and may impose a fine of not more than 1,000 yuan and detention of not more than 15 days according to the seriousness of the case.

16. When the people’s court serves the personal safety protection order, it may serve a notice of assistance in execution to the local police station, residents’ committee, villagers’ committee, women’s federation, school, etc., and the notice of assistance in execution shall clearly state the assistance matters. The relevant units shall provide assistance in accordance with the contents of the notice of assistance in execution.

17. Within the validity period of the personal safety protection order, the contents that the public security organ can assist in implementing may include: helping to urge the respondent to abide by the personal safety protection order; In the period of validity of the personal safety protection order, if the respondent violates the personal safety protection order, the public security organ shall promptly call the police after receiving the police to stop the illegal act; Rescue and protect the victims after receiving the alarm, and collect and fix evidence; If the respondent is found to have violated the personal safety protection order, the people’s court shall be informed of the situation.

18. Within the validity period of the personal safety protection order, the contents that residents’ committees, villagers’ committees, women’s federations, schools, etc. assist in the implementation may include: conducting regular return visits and tracking records within the validity period of the personal safety protection order, filling out return visits or records, and giving feedback to the people’s court after being signed by the parties concerned; If the respondent is found to have violated the personal safety protection order, he shall be criticized and educated, fill in the feedback form, and help the victim to contact the people’s court and the public security organ in time; Educate the perpetrators by the rule of law, and provide psychological counseling to the perpetrators and victims when necessary.

Nineteen, all departments can explore the introduction of social work and psychological counseling mechanism in the process of accepting complaints, reflecting, asking for help or dealing with marriage and family disputes related to domestic violence, so as to alleviate the psychological trauma of victims and minor children, correct the cognitive and behavioral deviation of abusers, avoid the escalation of violence, and fundamentally reduce the occurrence of vicious incidents.

Twenty, all departments should fully understand the significance of the personal safety protection order system, increase the intensity of study and training, be familiar with the subject of personal safety protection order application, make procedures and assist in the implementation of the specific content, etc., and strengthen the publicity of personal safety protection order system.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Eight o’clock news (id: healthinsight), author: ChenGuangjing, original title: "Multinational pharmaceutical companies in China for 40 years: from super-national treatment to ordinary players", the first picture comes from: vision china

For more than 40 years, multinational pharmaceutical companies have attracted countless amounts of money by virtue of China’s policy bonus and the environment where they have little power to compete with it.

In the running-in of multinational pharmaceutical companies and China’s characteristic market economy for more than 40 years, it has gone through the process from the initial foreign monks who can recite scriptures, to disenchantment, to checks and balances, and then to adjustment and discovery of new modes of getting along.

Objectively speaking, multinational pharmaceutical companies have contributed to the development of China’s pharmaceutical industry, and they have participated in creating the second largest pharmaceutical consumption market in the world.

However, they have enjoyed "super-national treatment" in China for a long time, including independent pricing and tax concessions.It has also brought many problems, including the intensification of overcapacity at the industrial end; The drug price in the public remains high, and patients can’t afford drugs.With the rise of local pharmaceutical companies, it is almost inevitable that their aura will recede.

The rise and fall of multinational pharmaceutical companies in China perfectly fits the development course of the whole pharmaceutical industry in China. So,The road taken by multinational pharmaceutical companies in China is almost a history of the development and policy changes of China’s pharmaceutical industry.

First, the first encounter: the introduction of more than just funds.

In 1978, China Pharmaceutical gross industrial output value was 7.3 billion yuan, which may not even be comparable to the revenue of a pharmaceutical company Pfizer-in the 1970s, Pfizer’s annual revenue was 1 billion dollars.

At that time, the pharmaceutical industry in China was in the stage of stumbling, and competitive domestic enterprises did not exist. There were only more than 500 kinds of drugs that hospitals could use daily.

Later, Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical, which claimed to have an annual income of 100 billion yuan, was still an unknown small factory in the town; Lianyungang Pharmaceutical, the predecessor of Hengrui, is still making hemostatic and disinfectant, and Sun Piaoyang, the technician who changed its fate, was not assigned here until four years later.

At first, foreign pharmaceutical companies were introduced, not for new drugs, but to introduce a large infusion model production line that meets the standards and can be sold all over the world.

The first foreign pharmaceutical company to enter China was Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. It was signed in 1980 and put into production in 1984. By the end of 1980s, Otsuka, China had been able to produce 8 kinds of injections, which were supplied to big hospitals in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other cities, and also sold to Japan, with a double-digit increase in production capacity, sales volume and profit.

Otsuka, China, made a good start, and a large number of multinational pharmaceutical companies began to tentatively enter China.What they value has also developed from China’s industrial policy, preferential tax, low cost and labor to China’s huge market.

According to Medicine World, China joined the World Trade Organization as of December 2001.（WTO）The number of foreign-funded pharmaceutical enterprises in China has reached about 1790. The top 20 pharmaceutical companies in the world have invested and set up factories in China. In terms of market share, these enterprises account for half of the pharmaceutical market in China.

More important than market share,From production to sales, these foreign pharmaceutical companies have almost reconstructed the pharmaceutical industry in China.

Foreign-funded pharmaceutical companies not only brought more funds, mature technologies, brand-new concepts and management models, and more available new drugs to the pharmaceutical industry in China, but also brought the mainstream sales model in the pharmaceutical field at that time-academic marketing, and a new profession-pharmaceutical representative.

By 2016, China has more than 3 million medical representatives, supporting a huge sales system with a scale of 2 trillion drugs, serving 12,000 public hospitals in China.

In 1980s in China, under the strict planned economy system, pharmaceutical companies completed their production as planned, and then they were purchased by local pharmaceutical companies for unified deployment.

Pharmaceutical companies do not need to face the terminal market directly, and no one knows how to sell drugs in the modern pharmaceutical industry.

The pharmaceutical industry in Europe and America, after experiencing the rapid expansion and fierce competition after World War II, has long understood the key to the commercialization of medicine-doctors with prescription rights are the real customers of pharmaceutical companies, and the sales model for doctors is the truly effective modern pharmaceutical sales model.

Established in 1985, Xi ‘an Jansen introduced Jansen’s staff training mechanism and built the first pharmaceutical sales team in China, which is known as the "Whampoa Military Academy" in China’s pharmaceutical industry.(See:The 30-year ups and downs of China medical representatives.).

Most of these first-generation medical representatives employed by foreign-funded pharmaceutical companies have professional backgrounds, have access to first-hand scientific research materials, and were respected by doctors in the early days.

However, the situation changed quickly, and some domestic pharmaceutical companies quickly grasped the essence of pharmaceutical marketing and alienated it, resulting in sales with gold and kickbacks-hidden transactions.(doctor’s rebate+public relations rent-seeking)The cost once soared to 60% of the drug price.(See:China Medicine Changed the Past.).

Under the pressure of sales, foreign pharmaceutical companies have also begun to adopt a more subtle way of bribing doctors, as foreign media mentioned in a report in 2013: "Persuade with cash, gifts, vacations and other benefits.(medical staff)Write more prescriptions. "

All these will lay the foundation for a huge bribery case that is almost comparable to Waterloo, China, a multinational pharmaceutical company.

Second, localization: the rapid development of golden decade

In 2001, China officially joined the WTO.(World Trade Organization)China’s reform and opening up has deepened its integration with the world economic system.

Under the expectation of opening up to China and the expectation of the vast market, multinational pharmaceutical companies began to "settle down" frequently.

According to the later analysis of the industry, this process is to compete for the market, but also a confession meeting to show confidence in the China market. The giants scrambled to present "warlords" by investing in the establishment of R&D centers and factories.

After January 2002, more than 10 giants such as Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Roche, Takeda, Pfizer, GSK and AbbVie also set up R&D centers in China. Lilly Asia Venture Capital Fund has also targeted the China market, with an initial investment of US$ 10 million, and plans to invest US$ 100 million in drug research and development capacity in China within five years.

According to industry statistics, by 2016, these multinational pharmaceutical companies have spent more than 8 billion yuan just to set up research centers in China.

Different from the new construction in the field of research and development, the "falling" in the field of production and sales is more like a game of "greedy snake".

In 2000, Pfizer won the largest acquisition in the history of the pharmaceutical industry with a sum of 90 billion US dollars, acquired its research and development company Warner-Lambert, and put Atorvastatin.(trade name Lipitor)In the pocket, thus surpassing Merck, the former overlord, and ranking first in the pharmaceutical revenue list. This also triggered a wave of mergers and acquisitions

This "snake-eating" game also extended to China. On July 2, 2008, after nearly two years’ efforts, Bayer finally completed the necessary regulatory approval and bought Dongsheng Technology’s "White Plus Black" and other anti-cold and cough products for 1.072 billion yuan.This also opened the prelude for multinational pharmaceutical companies to merge with China pharmaceutical companies.

Second year(2009)In the first half of the year alone, at least seven multinational giants announced the expansion of factories and production lines or the news of mergers and acquisitions and joint ventures. In the 2010s, the momentum became stronger and stronger. Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, etc. joined in one after another. Among them, Sanofi bought the local pharmaceutical company Meihua Sunstone Group and bought a high price of over 520 million US dollars, which was the largest merger in China at that time.

Correspondingly, during the critical period of attracting investment in China, multinational pharmaceutical companies almost enjoyed the "super-national treatment" in policy.

Among them, mainly including tax incentives; Independent pricing, filing system, etc. Among all these "treatments", the most "useful" is the right of independent pricing.

Before the government pricing of most drugs was officially cancelled in 2015, only exclusive varieties could be priced independently. However, multinational pharmaceutical companies often introduce patented drugs into China, which can set higher prices.

This makes these drugs form a "scissors gap" with domestic drugs.

During this period, the scale of China pharmaceutical market has been greatly expanded. The output value of the top 100 pharmaceutical enterprises exceeds 300 billion yuan, but the concentration is less than 35%. The enterprises are "small, scattered and chaotic", and the product quality cannot be compared with imported drugs, let alone replaced. In order to compete for the market, a unique marketing model with gold sales was formed, and "emphasizing sales and neglecting research and development" began to become the mainstream of market competition during that time.

The market mechanism fails in the medical field, and the higher the drug price, the more room for operation. This is even more powerful for multinational pharmaceutical companies.Imported drugs occupy the commanding heights of the pharmaceutical market. And this advantage is more and more obvious after the patented drugs have passed the protection period.

Before and after 2006, the former director of National Medical Products Administration, Zheng Xiaoyu, was sentenced to death. As a warning, the whole drug supervision system overcompensated the behavior of rent-seeking and approving homogenized "new drugs". The drug review and approval in China was tightened rapidly, and the approval speed of domestic generic drugs was slow, resulting in a serious backlog.

In the pharmaceutical market of China, the price of drugs that have passed the patent period has started to remain high, and the gap with domestic generic drugs continues to widen.

According to some data, by 2013, the ratio of the original research drug of ceftriaxone to the retail price of generic drugs has expanded from the previous 6.25: 1 to 9.35: 1. One product and two regulations in the hospital have also become an imported product and a domestic medicine.

Many "life-saving drugs" with high technical barriers even have the highest situation in the world. For example, Gleevec of Novartis entered the mainland market of China in 2002, and the price per box was as high as 25,800 yuan. Since then, the price has remained basically stable, and by 2014 it has been much higher than 17,000 yuan in Hong Kong, China and 13,600 yuan in the United States.

Under the disparity of strength and weakness, multinational pharmaceutical companies have gradually entered the golden age of "lying down to make money" in China.

In order to further expand their advantages, multinational pharmaceutical companies also strive to expand their sales teams.

According to a paper published by Yale Law School scholars in 2014, the top 10 pharmaceutical companies in the world employ about 25,000 sales teams in China. According to IMS statistics, multinational giants such as Pfizer, Bayer and AstraZeneca have more than 2,000 first-line medical representatives, and there is a trend of further expansion.

According to statistics, the pharmaceutical market in China achieved a compound annual growth of 25% in the decade after 2000, and the income of multinational pharmaceutical companies also rocketed. AstraZeneca, for example, has built a factory in China for four years, and its sales revenue has exceeded 1 billion yuan, which is called the "dream team" of multinational pharmaceutical companies. Although other pharmaceutical companies do not have more data to prove it, they can also see clues from the grand annual meeting.

After Pfizer acquired Wyeth in 2010, an annual meeting in Dongguan, Guangdong Province cost 30 million yuan and more than 5,000 employees participated. At that time, it was called the "annual meeting of the best company". Previously, Bayer led more than 1,600 employees to carnival in Jeju Island, South Korea for 6 days, and the industry analysis cost will not be less than 30 million yuan.For a long time, the annual meeting of multinational pharmaceutical companies in China is an event that attracts the attention of the industry.

It was a prosperous time for multinational giants to develop rapidly. However, in the carnival, no one noticed the hidden worries that might make their "aura" recede.

Third, the blow: loss of supranational status

In 2013, GSK was fined a sky-high price for bribery in China, several senior executives were sentenced and one foreign executive was deported.

For a long time before GSK bribery case, multinational pharmaceutical companies were often regarded as synonymous with professionalism and compliance because of their "halo" in China market.

Until 2004, foreign media published an article exposing the "kickback shady" of pharmaceutical giants.People suddenly discovered that some so-called "standards", "rules" and "international practices", which people take for granted as reasonable behaviors, such as traveling and lecture fees, also have the risk of interest transfer.

However, in the process of law enforcement since then, due to hidden methods and insufficient legislation in China, regulators have not made a clear statement on these behaviors.

After GSK’s bribery case in China was exposed, people suddenly understood that the localization of multinational pharmaceutical companies has extended to the field of sales with gold, and the amount is so huge.

According to public information: GSK(China)In order to increase sales, a large number of salespeople were recruited and paid bribes to medical staff in medical institutions all over the country. Travel expenses, lecture fees, organizing tours, etc. are all ways to expand the use of drugs or expand their use. Only after 2007, GSK, like more than 700 travel agencies and consulting companies, transferred 3 billion yuan, which was suspected to be used for "illegal fund disposal".

Since the GSK case, people have clearly realized that,China’s regulators are ready to "shoot".

In fact, multinational pharmaceutical companies entered the China market in the form of joint ventures from the beginning. Their technology is often not the latest technology. It is mentioned in Mainstream-Wisdom of the Leaders of Pharmaceutical Companies in China that the overseas direct investment theory of developed countries clearly mentions that the core technology will remain in the headquarters, and the second-rate technology and production line will flow overseas. Inadequate management, and multinational pharmaceutical companies create book losses and evade taxes by making high prices of overseas raw materials.

During this period, scholars in China also realized that we can’t catch up with the international level by introducing foreign capital to build tertiary industry.

However, in the early days of reform and opening up, China’s technology was too weak, and these mature technologies can meet the demand to a certain extent.

However, in the subsequent development, local pharmaceutical companies in China are also rising rapidly.

Today, even the world’s leading PD-1 inhibitor has become the object of research and development. According to Baiaotai’s announcement, after Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck launched PD-1 in 2014, 85 of the 154 PD-1 in the world were developed or jointly developed by China enterprises.

Since 2018, only five domestic PD-1s in China have been approved for listing.

Under the pressure of domestic drug competition, the imported PD-1-O and K drugs, which initially cost 1 million yuan to be listed in the United States, were given the lowest price in the world as soon as they entered China. After several rounds of price wars, the annual cost continued to drop sharply.

Especially after the national medical insurance negotiations, under the offensive of price reduction of domestic drugs, although the above two imported drugs were not successfully negotiated, the annual expenses were also reduced from more than 300,000 yuan and more than 200,000 yuan to more than 100,000 yuan. The domestic PD-1 can even reduce the personal out-of-pocket expenses to 10,000 yuan.

The state-led "Major New Drug Creation" project was also launched in 2008. By 2019, there were 139 new drug certificates, 44 of which were Class I new drugs. These drugs are all "chips" in the game of medical insurance negotiation and forced price reduction of imported drugs.

Before the GSK bribery case was investigated, "domestic Iressa" Ectinib went on the market. This small molecule targeted drug with completely independent intellectual property rights in China broke the monopoly position of European and American pharmaceutical companies. In the first national negotiation in 2015, Iressa was forced to reduce the price by 55%, and the average monthly cost dropped from 12,000 yuan to about 5,500 yuan. This is not only the preface of domestic substitution of imported drugs, but also gives the competent authorities the confidence to severely punish GSK.

Nowadays, innovation has become the common choice of more and more head pharmaceutical companies. Statistics show that the total value of China’s pharmaceutical industry has been close to 3 trillion yuan by 2017. In 2019, the income from the main business of the top 100 enterprises reached 929.64 billion yuan, with a growth rate of over 10%. The average R&D cost is more than 550 million yuan.

According to Wind data, the R&D investment of A-share pharmaceutical enterprises in China was less than 10 billion yuan in 2011, and it has exceeded 50 billion yuan by 2019. Judging from the annual reports, in 2020, there will be as many as 14 R&D investments in China exceeding 1 billion yuan; The research and development of more than 40 pharmaceutical companies accounts for more than 10%.

China is increasingly emboldened to reduce the price of imported drugs. With more and more domestic innovative drugs on the market and generic drugs passing the consistency evaluation, a subversive reform is gradually taking shape.

The rules of the game have changed, and multinational pharmaceutical companies have changed from the role of "wrestling" with policy makers to ordinary players, who can only comply with the rules and compete fairly with local pharmaceutical companies.

Fourth, the Great Retreat: How many people want to go back ten years ago?

In 2017, leaving the shut-down Shanghai Lilly China R&D Center not only announced the end of an era, but also seemed to push down the first domino of foreign companies’ assets withdrawing from China.

Then Novartis dissolved the biopharmaceutical research and development team in China, and the early research and development of antibiotics and antiviral drugs was stopped, and 140 people were abolished; GSK China R&D Center was abolished, and the project under research was transferred to American research center; Novo Nordisk China R&D Center layoffs; AstraZeneca China preclinical research business divested …

Dominos continue to overwhelm more business.

In 2019, Lilly sold the rights of antibiotic varieties Xikelao and Jingkexin in Chinese mainland, as well as the production plant of Xikelao in Suzhou.

Pfizer also packaged mature products such as Lipitor and Luohuoxi into Pfizer Puqiang and eventually merged them with generic drug giant Mylan.

Since then, GSK and Novartis have also sold their factories in China. Boehringer Ingelheim stripped off the promotion of Aiquanle, Kebite, Silihua and Sihehua; Mengdi Pharmaceuticals is simply selling its business unit in China.

In 2021, more and more heavy product lines in the past were "killed with tears".

Then, a batch of drugs began to withdraw from the China market. Just three months ago.(May 24)Among the 283 cancelled approval drugs announced by National Medical Products Administration, Weijianle of AbbVie is included.(Obipali tablets), Yi Chery(Dasebvir Sodium Tablets), Li Luo of Johnson & Johnson.(Procarbidol Succinate Tablets)Cape orchid with excellent time ratio(levetiracetam tablets), Novi of Merck.(Sigliptin Phosphate).

Many of these products, such as Merck’s hypoglycemic drug Genevix, are on the track with annual sales of several billion yuan, and now it is a mixed feeling to leave.As for the strategic deployment of multinational pharmaceutical companies, some investors even ridiculed that this is the "Dunkirk" of the pharmaceutical industry.

In the past four years, the state organized the centralized procurement of medical equipment, which set off a huge wave in the pharmaceutical market in China, which was called "tsunami". Although only 218 varieties are involved at present, the market scale is 220 billion yuan, but its foreseeable influence has made people who are used to the traditional marketing to conquer the world feel insecure.

There is no room for further clinical promotion, regardless of whether the bid is won or not, because the price is cut at the waist and ankle. The traditional marketing model is facing unprecedented challenges. It is difficult for multinational pharmaceutical companies to win the bid in order to maintain global prices.

In the field of innovative drug research and development, the giants have also encountered close-knit struggles from local enterprises. The once unattainable PD-1/PD-L1 was dragged into the Red Sea by China pharmaceutical companies. From the annual cost of millions of yuan to the minimum of less than 20 thousand yuan.

Mature products are surrounded by generic drugs, new products are facing price cuts in medical insurance negotiations and rapid attacks from competitors. Multinational pharmaceutical companies are in a crisis of being besieged on all sides.

In order to maintain their advantages and seek new growth points, in addition to divesting "non-core business", the adjustment and breakthrough of multinational pharmaceutical companies have never stopped.

In January 2019, the distance from cardiovascular heavy drugs was "determinable"(Chemical name: rosuvastatin)Just two months after losing the bid in the 4+7 pilot project, AstraZeneca, which is known as the "dream team", threw a heavy news: it has obtained the exclusive promotion right of Xuezhikang in Chinese mainland from the Green Leaf Group.

Multinational pharmaceutical companies sell proprietary Chinese medicines, which breaks through the inherent cognition of the industry. What breaks the industry cognition even more is that it has also started CSO.(Contract Sales Organization), "big package business".

A year later, AstraZeneca accepted the exclusive promotion right of a medical-grade home twelve-lead ECG instrument in China. According to the medical economic news, the company will also package 100 products-50 domestic or imported agent products and 50 diagnostic equipment products.

The sales cooperation between domestic pharmaceutical companies and multinational pharmaceutical companies is getting closer and closer, and the industry is beginning to be surprised by this treatment. Even Pfizer, once a "big pharmaceutical factory in the universe", has come to an end.

Not long ago, Cao Junyang, vice president and chief medical officer of Pfizer China, also revealed in an exclusive interview with the medical profession that apart from speeding up the introduction of self-developed products into China, Pfizer will also cooperate with local enterprises or multinational enterprises to give full play to its "leading commercialization advantage in the pharmaceutical field in China".

Simply understand, that is, to give play to its advantages in the sales field.

With the accumulation of sales teams in the past decades, the choice of multinational pharmaceutical companies is unexpected, but it is reasonable.

With the aging and high incidence of cancer, the pharmaceutical market in China has maintained a high-speed growth all the year round. Foresight Industry Research Institute predicts that by 2025, with its growth rate of 14% to 17%, it will exceed 5 trillion yuan.

Such a "big cake" can’t be eaten without sincerity, and multinational pharmaceutical companies are also trying their best.

From 1980 to 2021, the scale of the pharmaceutical market in China increased from less than 8 billion yuan to nearly 3 trillion yuan.

Can multinational pharmaceutical companies that have lost their "aura" subvert their profit model for 40 years in a brand-new pattern and rules and find a new way in this trillion-dollar market?

References:

Introduction, for digestion and absorption-Notes on an interview with China Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Cong Yu.

"Creating a New Management Situation by Producing World-class Products —— An Interview with China Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.", Zhang Zhitao.

Mainstream-the Wisdom of China Pharmaceutical Leaders, Tao Jianhong, Tan Yong.

The Impact of Foreign Capital Utilization on China’s Pharmaceutical Industry, Liu Xue, Chen Wenxuan, etc.

The investment mind of multinational pharmaceutical companies has changed, He Rong.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Eight o’clock news (id: healthinsight), Author: Chen Guangjing

With the recent official statements on optimizing and adjusting the real estate policy, a new round of stabilizing the property market has revived. The analysis generally believes that the signal that the current "policy bottom" is once again solid is obvious.

However, in the process of great changes in the relationship between supply and demand, it is particularly important to judge the boundaries and trends of policy easing. In the attempt to adjust and explore, many cities first gave a relatively safe way of encouragement-housing subsidies.

Data map: There are many high-rise buildings in the city. China News Service reporter Wang Dongming photo

Two provincial capitals increased subsidies.

On August 4th, according to the official micro-signal "Nanjing Real Estate Micro-government" of Nanjing Housing Security and Real Estate Bureau, Nanjing issued the notice of "Further Optimizing Policy Measures to Promote the Stable and Healthy Development of Nanjing Real Estate Market". The first of the eight policies is the implementation subsidy for purchasing new commercial housing.

Specifically, the new six districts are encouraged to continue to give a certain proportion of housing subsidies to those who buy new commercial housing within the specified period according to the actual regional market, and Qixia District and Yuhuatai District will give subsidies to the purchase of new commercial housing after evaluation based on the actual market within their respective jurisdictions, so as to effectively reduce the burden of rigid and improved housing purchase.

Zhao Qian, a senior analyst at the Central Finger Research Institute, pointed out that as early as 2022, several suburban areas in Nanjing, such as Liuhe, Lishui and Gaochun, had already implemented a series of subsidy policies. This official document, in addition to re-emphasizing that the new six districts can continue to implement housing subsidies, mentioned the new regulations for Qixia and Yuhuatai for the first time.

"This is also a policy put forward by Nanjing after comprehensively studying the buyers in various regional markets. Later, each district will introduce specific implementation details, and the implementation effect remains to be seen." Zhao Wei said.

Nanjing has also become the second provincial capital city to join in this round of property market adjustment. Just the day before the introduction of the New Deal, Zhengzhou issued 15 policies to regulate the property market, which also put the content of housing subsidies at the forefront, including subsidies for young talents to buy houses, families with many children to buy houses, and deed tax on housing purchases.

"Zhengzhou has a total of 15 policies, and 3 of them all mention various subsidies, which fully shows that in this round of property market boosting work, financial subsidies and other tools will be actively used, reflecting the new orientation of the current housing purchase policy." Yan Yuejin, research director of Yiju Research Institute, said.

　　Data Map: Painting boats swim on Qinhuai River in Nanjing, Jiangsu. China News Service reporter Li Bo photo

What is the thrust of the "icing on the cake" policy?

Following Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party’s "timely adjustment and optimization of real estate policy" on July 24th, and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development followed closely to clarify the direction of policy support, many places quickly launched actions to release policies related to stabilizing the property market, and the content related to housing subsidies also became hot.

On August 4th, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province issued 18 real estate measures, which mentioned supporting the implementation of house purchase subsidies and continuing to implement phased house purchase deed tax subsidies. On August 1st, Jiangsu Jurong introduced a new policy to stabilize the property market, including deed tax subsidies for families with many children to buy new houses and deed tax subsidies for new commercial housing. On the same day, Sichuan Ya ‘an Economic and Technological Development Zone issued a new policy to stabilize the property market, and proposed to buy new houses to subsidize the purchase of houses, including subsidies for talents and families with many children.

"The biggest feeling is that although I spent a lot of money to buy a house before, I still feel like I am getting a subsidy." Citizen Xiao Miao (pseudonym) bought a new house in July this year, and after paying the deed tax, she applied for a subsidy for talents to buy a house. She received a short message one week after the application, and the money arrived less than half an hour later.

On social platforms, more and more people share their experience of applying for housing subsidies like Xiao Miao. At present, granting housing subsidies is one of the important means for cities to support housing consumption, and the frequency and proportion of policies remain high.

According to the statistics of the Central Finger Research Institute, in the first half of 2023, more than 50 cities have implemented the housing subsidy policy. The subsidy methods mainly include one-time subsidies according to sets or areas, one-time or phased payment of deed tax subsidies, payment of consumer vouchers subsidies, talent housing subsidies, and a certain proportion of housing price subsidies.

"In the short term, it is expected that the demand-side policy will still focus on reducing the threshold and cost of buying a house. The’ one district, one policy’ and the combination of the birth policy are important directions, and the credit policy for improving housing demand is also expected to increase." Chen Wenjing, director of market research at the Central Finger Research Institute, said.

However, there are also voices that housing subsidies tend to be short-term encouragement and assistance, and cannot really become a decisive factor affecting property buyers. The White Paper on House Purchase Intention in 2023 published by Leju. com shows that tax adjustment and house purchase subsidy have little influence on decision-making. In the choice of "which of the following changes will affect your decision to buy a house", "tax/interest rate will continue to decrease" and "large house purchase subsidy" can only affect 4.81% and 11.12% of buyers.

"Judging from the current relaxed environment of the property market as a whole, most of the housing subsidies in various places are part of the’ combination boxing’ of local regulation and relaxation." Zhang Bo, president of 58 Anjuke Research Institute, previously commented on the housing subsidy policy, saying that the effectiveness of a single policy on market release is relatively limited, and it needs to form a joint force with other regulatory relaxation policies, which will have a certain influence on the market.

City Establishment Office Supervision Daily

On September 5th, the Municipal Establishment Office conducted daily inspections on 47 points, including communities, communities, schools, parks, primary and secondary roads, back streets and alleys. The inspections found that there were 144 problems in some points, such as the garbage was not cleaned up in time, flying wires were charged, small advertisements were not cleaned up, and loess was exposed in many tree pools along the way.

First, create a point inspection situation

(1) Yujiang District

1. Yangliu Road (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

There are problems: (1) the font of a signboard is damaged; (2) There is no public service advertisement.

2. China schistosomiasis memorial hall (rectification time limit: September 7th)

There are some problems: (1) The bait station failed to deliver bait on time; (2) a flower bed board is damaged; (3) A public service advertisement faded seriously.

3. Shixin Xiangfu (Baita Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

The existing problems are: (1) The loess in the green belt is exposed; (2) Many construction wastes were not cleaned up in time; (3) Many small advertisements have not been cleaned up; (4) The track board is damaged.

4. Trust-mart (Guoxi Avenue Store) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Problems: (1)LED display screen is damaged; (2) There are few fire-fighting facilities on the first floor and their distribution is unreasonable; (3) There is a serious shortage of fire-fighting facilities on the second floor.

5. Yidu Community (Yanhe Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) A lot of sundries are piled up in disorder; (2) Many small advertisements have not been cleaned up; (3) The rat bait station is damaged.

6. Yanhe North Road (rectification time limit: September 7)

There are some problems: (1) Loess in many tree pools along the way is exposed; (2) A public service billboard collapsed.

(2) Yuehu District

7. Eagle King Huandong Garden (Dongfeng Lane Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) uncivilized drying; (2) the publicity column is blocked; (3) Overflow of bait from rat bait station.

8. Dongfeng Lane Community (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

There are some problems: (1) The exhibition content of the new era civilization practice station was not cleaned up in time; (2) The contents of vector control are incorrectly stated.

9. Shatangshi Nanyuan (Shatangshi Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Problems: (1) The setting of fire extinguishers is not standardized; (2) illegally growing vegetables; (3) The external facade of the trash can is dirty and smelly; (4) Flying wire charging.

10. Minxin Home (Minxin Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

There are some problems: (1) the public service advertisement is damaged; (2) The number of rat bait stations is too small; (3) The flower bed tiles are damaged; (4) Loess in many green belts is exposed; (5) Flying wire charging.

11. West Lake Jiayuan (West Lake Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) the manhole cover is damaged; (2) The fire extinguisher is not inspected monthly on time; (3) Accessible parking spaces are occupied; (4) The building surplus materials are not cleared in time; (5) Flying wire charging.

12. Century Garden Community (Shopping Mall Community) (Time limit for rectification: September 7th)

There are problems: (1) many small advertisements have not been cleaned up; (2) The accumulated garbage in the green belt has not been cleaned up; (3) The public service advertisement is damaged.

13. Hailiang Capital (Yingxi Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) The bulletin board is dirty; (2) The fitness equipment is damaged; (3) Loess in many green belts is exposed; (4) The number of rat bait stations is too small; (5) The garbage at the platform of the building was not cleaned in time.

14. Cangbei Road (Zhaojianong Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) occupying the road; (2) The responsibility of "three guarantees in front of the door" falls off.

15. Xinxin Road (time limit for rectification: September 7)

There are some problems: (1) Loess in many tree pools along the way is exposed; (2) Multi-outlet operation.

(3) High-tech Zone

16. Jinqiao Community (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

There are some problems: (1) The bait station failed to deliver bait on time; (2) The mini fire station is not provided with a monthly inspection card.

17. Huamu Road (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) store operation; (2) Loess in many tree pools along the way is exposed; (3) Garbage bins are not classified; (4) Oil stain on the wall.

18. Yingxi North-South Passage (rectification time limit: September 7)

Problems: the font of the enclosure public service advertisement is damaged.

19. Caofang Lijia (Bailu Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

There are some problems: (1) many garbage were not cleaned in time; (2) the banner falls off; (3) the cable is messy; (4) Many small advertisements have not been cleaned up.

20. Ruihe International (Jinqiao Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

There are problems: (1) flying wire charging; (2) uncivilized drying; (3) Many small advertisements have not been cleaned up.

21. Bailu Community (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Problems: No barrier-free parking spaces are set.

(4) Xinjiang New District

22. Hangong Shangcheng (pontoon community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) Many sundries are piled up in disorder; (2) 66 health literacy billboards are dirty; (3) uncivilized drying.

23. Longteng Riverside (Zhujia Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) uncivilized drying; (2) Small advertisements have not been cleaned up.

24. Xinjiang Dijing (pontoon community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: many uncivilized drying.

25. Minyue Home Phase I (Zhongyuan Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) The garbage in the trash can is overflowing and not cleared in time; (2) Small advertisements are not thoroughly cleaned up.

26. Minyue Home Phase II (Zhongyuan Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Problems: There are many weeds in the community.

27. Evergrande Royal View (Happy Community) (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

The existing problems are: (1) the sewer bypass board is loose; (2) The number of rat bait stations is too small.

28. Happy community (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) building materials are piled up in disorder; (2) The public service billboard is skewed.

(5) Municipal Urban Management Bureau

29. Huancheng West Road (rectification time limit: September 7)

There are some problems: (1) Loess in many tree pools along the way is exposed; (2) The cable box is damaged; (3) store operation; (4) The building enclosure is damaged; (5) Many places are overgrown with weeds.

30. Zhanjiang Road (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Problems: (1) The cable box is damaged; (2) Many white garbage in the green belt was not cleaned up in time; (3) Many small advertisements have not been cleaned up; (4) The track board is damaged.

31. Times Square (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) the track board is damaged; (2) The setting of mother-infant room is not standardized; (3) there is an uncivilized lying phenomenon; (4) The public service advertisement is damaged.

32. Citizen Square (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) the track board is damaged; (2) The signboard is damaged.

33. Anren Street (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) the manhole cover is damaged; (2) Pavement sanitation and cleaning are not in place.

34. Longtan Park (time limit for rectification: September 7)

There is a problem: the fly killing device is skewed.

35. Xinjiang Ecological Park (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: public service billboards are skewed.

(6) Municipal Bureau of Agriculture

36 Agricultural Technology Extension Center (time limit for rectification: September 7)

Existing problems: (1) the fence is defective; (2) forming a dead corner of sanitary waste for a long time.

Two, to create a special rectification supervision situation

(1) Yuehu District

1. Shaw Primary School (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

Existing problems: (1) Many scattered garbage were not cleaned in time; (2) graffiti on the wall; (3) Many public service advertisements and ditch cover plates are damaged; (4) The rat bait station is damaged and the signboard is missing.

2. No.3 Middle School (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

Existing problems: (1) Many cigarette butts and double-sided adhesive tapes on the wall are not cleaned; (2) Smoking exists in schools; (3) Signs, fitness equipment and iron fence are damaged; (4) The fire cabinet panel is damaged.

(2) Xinjiang New District

3. Binjiang No.1 Phase II (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

Problems: (1) The scattered garbage and broken glass slag in many unit buildings were not cleaned up in time; (2) graffiti on the wall, and small advertisements are not cleaned up; (3) bare wires.

4. No.5 Middle School (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

Existing problems: (1) scattered garbage and ground water are not cleaned up; (2) The picture of public service advertisement is damaged, the lamppost is rusted, the floor drain cover is missing, and no barrier-free signs are found for barrier-free facilities; (3) Loess is exposed in many places in the green belt; (4) There are no screen windows in the canteen, and the fly prevention measures are not in place.

(3) Municipal Education Bureau

5. No.2 Middle School North Campus (rectification time limit: September 7th)

There are some problems: (1) Grade 9 teachers in No.2 Middle School North Campus smoke in the dormitory aisle; (2) Many scattered garbage and cigarette butts were not cleaned in time; (3) Banners, doorframes and door handles of canteen doors are damaged; (4) There is no water saving sign in the bathroom, many accumulated stools are not cleaned, the flushing facilities in the toilet seat are damaged, and the baffle falls off; (5) The fire-fighting facilities of several fire cabinets are missing.

6. No.4 Middle School (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

There are some problems: (1) The doorman did not dissuade the students from riding electric cars without wearing safety helmets; (2) The speed bump is damaged.

(4) Municipal Urban Management Bureau

7. Lotus Market (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

There are some problems: (1) There are no classified garbage bins on the island; (2) Banners and window glass are damaged, and the bait of poisonous rat bait station overflows.

(5) Municipal Health and Health Commission

8. South Hospital of People’s Hospital (time limit for rectification: September 7th)

Existing problems: (1) many ceiling garbage and cigarette butts were not cleaned in time; (2) Indoor smoking exists; (3) The pavement, door panels, green belt guards, warning signs and lighting facilities are damaged, the wall skin falls off, and the landscape pieces are corroded; (4) the bait overflowed from the poisonous rat bait station; (5) The small advertisement in the bathroom was not cleaned, and the bottom cabinet of the sink was damaged.

(6) City Construction Investment Development Co., Ltd.

9. Construction site for the project of resettlement of landlord plot in the north area of Xinjiang New District (rectification time limit: September 7)

Problems: (1) Scattered garbage, piles of garbage and siltation were not cleaned up in time; (2) Signs and enclosures for public service advertisements are damaged; (3) The fire-fighting facilities of the fire-fighting cabinet are missing, and the cover plate of fire extinguisher box is missing.

10. Reconstruction of shanty towns in Xinjiang New District into villages in the north (rectification time limit: September 7)

Problems: (1) Scattered garbage, piles of garbage and siltation were not cleaned up in time; (2) Small advertisements are not cleaned up; (3) Multiple trash cans are damaged; (4) The public service advertisement picture of the ditch cover plate and enclosure is damaged.

11. Construction site of the second phase project of welfare home (rectification time limit: September 7th)

Problems: (1) Scattered garbage and piles of garbage were not cleaned up in time; (2) Small advertisements are not cleaned up; (3) The fire hose of mini fire station is missing; (4) The identification of protective shed of distribution box is damaged.

III. Opinions and suggestions

(a) increase investment, draw inferences from one system to rectify. In view of all kinds of problems existing in many parks, public squares, primary and secondary roads and back streets and alleys in the city, all relevant responsible units should further intensify the creation work, increase investment in the creation of public places, and compact the responsibility of "three-level responsible persons". At the same time, we will systematically rectify similar problems and improve the creation work through rectification.

(2) Intensify efforts and make persistent and strong rectification. In view of the recurrent problems in some communities and communities, such as uncivilized drying, untimely garbage cleaning, littering, and uncleaning of small advertisements, all localities and units should further improve their management level, adopt a "zero tolerance" attitude towards recurring problems, abandon the vague idea of "almost", and make meticulous progress at each point.

Original title: "Inspection Bulletin"

Read the original text

The original Wei Yiyi three cooks

Recently, the pork stocks in hand have gone up a lot, but they are both happy and worrying.

Last year, when the price of pork was the highest, I ate a lot of cheap imported pork.

For imported pork, many people in Chinese still have bad feelings.

In addition to the epidemic factors, frozen meat makes people feel stale.

Of course, the most important thing is that many people think that imported pork has a peculiar smell. Some people say it is smelly, while others say it is coquettish.

The reason is that there is a saying that it is caused by killing pigs abroad without bleeding. Is this true?

01

In fact, all the serious pigs in the world are bleeding.

There is a long-standing saying that when pigs are killed abroad, they are electrocuted or suffocated with carbon dioxide, and then they are decomposed and cut without bloodletting, so pork has an odor.

And many of Chinese’s impressions of killing pigs are probably still indigenous methods: forcing pigs into a corner in a pigsty, tying up four hooves on their backs, and the pig butcher sealing his throat with a knife, bleeding all over the sky …

I have to say, both of these statements or impressions have some imaginary elements.

It is not impossible to kill pigs by indigenous methods, but the scene is too bloody and inefficient.

Killing pigs in slaughterhouses in China is actually similar to that in foreign countries. Electric shock or suffocation causes pigs to lose consciousness and then slaughter them.

Moreover, no matter in China or abroad, the slaughtered animals will bleed, so there is no problem of bloodletting.

If you don’t bleed after slaughter, the meat will rot more easily, and blood stasis will form on the surface, which will affect the beauty of the meat.

And what we usually eat, whether it is hot fresh meat or cold and sour meat, is spared blood.

Especially the meat with acid discharge, should be kept at 0℃-4℃ for 12-24 hours after slaughter.

On the one hand, it drained the blood and body fluids, on the other hand, the low temperature also inhibited the growth of bacteria, and the protein in the meat also changed, making the meat more tender.

Imported frozen meat is basically pre-acidified. However, the taste and flavor of frozen meat will indeed decline.

But if you say that smell, it’s really not because you didn’t bleed.

02

What is the real source of pork odor?

The unpleasant taste of pork is actually a kind of smell called Boartant.

The literal meaning is obvious. Some pork is stinky or coquettish, and its main source is boar pork.

Because boars contain high concentrations of androstenone and dung odor.

Androstenone is a male hormone and smells like urine. When boars grow up, the content of androstenone in their bodies will be very high, and even the saliva will smell of androstenone. There is no androstenone in sows, but the content is much lower.

Fecal odor is a substance that smells like poop. Generally speaking, the intestines of mammals contain fecal odor, and pigs are no exception. Pig dung odor is mainly produced in the large intestine, so you should pay attention to it when cooking well.

A part of the fecal odor will be excreted casually, and the other part will be absorbed into the body by the intestine and then decomposed by the liver.

However, there is an ultra-high concentration of steroids in boars, which will prevent the liver from decomposing fecal odor, so the undecomposed fecal odor will gather in boars’ fat and produce an odor.

However, most of the domestic pork we buy does not have this odor. Why do some imported pork have it? Is it unscientific to eat all sows in China?

In fact, both pork farmers and manufacturers want to try their best to remove the odor of boars. After all, no one will like it.

The most traditional way to get rid of the odor of boars is castration, which is also called knocking pigs in many places.

Because androstenone is produced in the testicles of boars when they are sexually mature, the steroid that prevents the decomposition of fecal odor is also a kind of testosterone.

Therefore, it is a common practice in China to castrate boars when they are very young, except for keeping breeding pigs. And sows, except those with piglets, were also slaughtered when they weighed about 100 kilograms.

Well, since castration can completely solve the problem, why don’t foreign countries castrate pigs? Do they like the taste?

In fact, it cannot be generalized whether foreign countries castrate pigs or not, and the situation in each country is different.

Let’s start with why some countries don’t castrate pigs.

No one likes the smell of boars, but there are two main reasons for insisting on not castrating pigs:

First, the issue of animal welfare. Some people think that castration of boars violates ethics and harms animal welfare, so castration is prohibited, and some countries require anesthesia before castration.

In 2010, the European Union requested to stop surgical castration of boars before January 1, 2018, but this goal was not achieved.

The second is the economic benefit. After castration, the feed conversion rate of boars will decrease, which is commonly known as "slow growth", and the fat content will increase, and the meat will become fatter.

Is there any way for castrated pigs to get rid of the smell of boars? Actually, there are.

A vaccine was launched around 2010, which can chemically castrate boars.

Vaccines are used to inhibit testicular function, thereby preventing the production of androstenone and steroids.

You can’t say that this vaccine has no effect at all, but in New Zealand, where this vaccine has been applied, the content of two substances that produce odor in pork is higher than the EU level.

03

What should I do if I buy smelly pork?

Although no one likes the smell of boars, they will still buy imported pork (after all, it is cheap) or accidentally buy pork with odor.

First of all, you need to do your homework before buying.

China’s main pork importers are Germany, Spain, Britain, the Netherlands, the United States, Canada, Brazil and other countries.

▲ Source: The second progress report of the European Declaration on Alternatives to Swine Surgery in 2015-2017.

Let’s talk about Europe, Spain and Britain, which have a large proportion of castrated boars, are likely to step on thunder; Some of the boars in Holland have been castrated, while more than 80% of the boars in Germany have been castrated.

In the above picture:

Red is the country that castrates less than 20% boars;

Yellow is the country where 20-80% boars are castrated;

Blue is the country where more than 80% boars are surgically castrated, but anesthesia (local/systemic) and/or long-term analgesia are used;

Green is a country that castrates more than 80% boars without anesthesia or analgesia.

In North America, the United States and Canada, there are also castrated boars, but the proportion is not so large, and there will be some restrictions on their use. It is unclear whether they will be imported to China.

▲ Import volume and proportion of major pork importing countries in China in 2018

As for Brazil, the country with the highest growth rate of China’s pork imports in the past two years, to be honest, no valid information has been seen.

If you really buy pork with bad smell, you don’t have to throw it in the trash can directly. There are still ways to save it.

The best way is to "run running water".

Wash the pork, put it in a cold water pot, fire it, and turn the fire to a minimum, so that it will almost go out.

For almost half an hour, a layer of blood foam floated on the surface, and the pork was fished out and washed with warm water. The pork treated in this way, although the skin is cooked, is still raw inside, and the odor has been removed.

In fact, to tell the truth, apart from the epidemic factors, there is nothing wrong with many imported pork except that it is not very delicious.

May we all eat more meat, eat meat well and eat good meat in the new year.

END

Wen | Wei Wei

Original title: "Imported pork has a strange smell, is it really because foreign countries kill pigs without bleeding? 》

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The original digging number is included in the topic # 44 migrant workers.

In recent weeks, I have a toothache. According to past experience, either my gums are severely atrophied or my teeth are cracked and need to be filled. So I hung up the number of a famous dental hospital in Guangzhou with my mobile phone, which was particularly difficult to hang up. It was full in recent days and I could only hang up the number four days later.

At 7 o’clock this morning, it was drizzling in the sky. I set off for the hospital, filled out a form to take a temperature measurement, and wanted to know whether the dental insurance could be reported at the registration office. I saw a buddy in front of me paying money, the first one was more than 6,700, and the second one was more than 1,900. I was so scared that I almost wanted to go home, but I wanted to come all over again. The dentistry was so profitable that I had to dig it.

At 8: 30, there were a lot of people sitting at the door. The hospital was not big, but there were departments in the elevator. I was looking at the dental pulp department.

On a whim, I want to see the flow distribution of people in various departments at this time, and I ran a circle on the upper and lower floors:

6F Children’s Stomatology: 1 person

5F Orthodontics Department: 8 people, Dental Pulp Department: 8 people.

4F Implant and Prosthetic Department: 8 people, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: 6 people.

1F Radiology Department: 5 people, Periodontology Department: 9 people.

(Not included in the treatment)

It’s my turn. After checking, it was concluded that a tooth needs to be filled. After paying the total fee of 305, I paid 200 medical insurance for reimbursement of 105. I just saw the expenses of various projects on the screen of the hall, and took a photo.

How to estimate the annual income of this hospital? It is known that the maximum number of doctors registered in a day is 30. From the registration applet, we can see that the number here is full almost every day, and we can see how many doctors there are in each department every day.

The number of patients per day can be calculated as follows:

Pediatric stomatology: 6 doctors *30 numbers =180 people.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: 5 doctors *30 numbers =150 people

Orthodontics: 7*30=210 people

Dental and endodontic department: 9*30=270 people

Periodontal disease department: 5*30=150 people

Implant Restoration Section: 5*30=150 people

According to this number of people, the registration fee alone can earn 10 yuan *1110 people =11100 yuan per day, which is really cool!

The total income can be estimated if there is another per capita cost. My idea is to take the cost of the most common treatment items in each department instead of the per capita cost. For example, periodontal disease is tooth cleaning, and dental pulp is tooth filling. Combined with the cost photographed in the hall and online data, some common treatments, such as tooth cleaning, pulling out a wisdom tooth, applying fluoride to the whole mouth, filling a tooth, etc., cost about 500. Roughly speaking, if 500 yuan is taken as the per capita cost, then the hospital’s annual income.

500 yuan *1110 people/day *365 days = about 200 million.

This hospital is only a small branch. If it is the General Hospital, it is estimated that its income will double. According to the hospital’s WeChat WeChat official account, there are 50 doctors here, which means that each doctor brings 200 million /50=4 million in revenue every year.

With such a high per capita income, it can be inferred that the income of dentists should be high. Digging through the financial report of a dental A-share listed company, which has 21 dental hospitals in Zhejiang, there are several interesting data in the financial report:

For example, the annual revenues of the above four stomatological hospitals are 620 million, 390 million, 140 million and 40 million respectively, and the net profit margins are 40%, 28%, 28% and 16% respectively.

For example, 54.99% of the cost of stomatological hospital is labor cost, which proves the high income of dentists.

So how high is the income of dentists? I searched a lot of answers in Zhihu. The monthly salary of dentists in public hospitals in first-and second-tier cities is between 10,000 and 20,000, and 30,000 to 40,000 if they are deputy directors or above.

Data reference from: https://www.zhihu.com/question/364101818/answer/958783096

Dentists in private hospitals earn more. Here is an authoritative data, which comes from the dictation of the founder of a dentist online platform:

At present, private dental hospitals basically adopt the salary method of basic salary plus commission. The monthly income of dentists with lower income is about 20,000 to 30,000 yuan, and the monthly income of dentists with higher income can reach 60,000 to 70,000 yuan. Some top dentists will have a higher commission, and may even break 500,000 yuan a month.

As we are now, we basically recruit doctors from some good public hospitals such as Huaxi Stomatology, and the success rate is still relatively high, because in private clinics, especially brand-operated private clinics, the treatment is also better, and the recognition of doctors in the industry is not worse than that in public hospitals.

He also mentioned that there is a great demand for dentists in China:

The ratio of dentists to population is only 1: 28,000, compared with 1: 1,000 in developed countries such as the United States, 1: 2,000 in Japan and 1: 4,000 in Western Europe, which fully shows that there is a great gap in the demand for dentists in China.

Source: https://www.iyiou.com/analysis/2018052373041.

I really envy, envy and hate. The key dentist is still a profession that gets more and more popular as he gets older. He will not retire at the age of 35 like the siege lion, and he has a high sense of security!

Original title: "How much can a dental clinic earn a year? 》

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Xi ‘an Jansen became history, Novartis spun off Sandoz, Pfizer Vaccine Division changed coaches, and Abbey’s position as the "king of medicine" was not guaranteed … Since September, many multinational pharmaceutical companies have experienced great changes from personnel to department structure to R&D pipeline.

Over the years, Greater China has been an important market component of many multinational pharmaceutical companies, and it is also the main driving force for their performance contribution. In the post-epidemic period, factors such as the difficulty in research and development of innovative drugs, declining performance, fierce competition in the same industry and continuous changes in industry policies are all affecting the strategic adjustment and personnel changes of multinational pharmaceutical companies in China. How to go in the second half of 2023? These pharmaceutical companies have taken the lead in making adjustments.

Johnson & Johnson: The History of Xi ‘an Janssen

The brand rejuvenation of the former giant Johnson & Johnson attracted the most attention. On September 14th, Johnson & Johnson announced that it would integrate its medical technology and pharmaceutical businesses into Johnson & Johnson’s name. Among them, Jansen changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Innovative Pharmaceutical, which also means that the logo of "Xi ‘an Jansen" will become history.

Once upon a time, the advertisement of Xi ‘an Jansen, "Stomach power is insufficient, please help with motilium", went deep into thousands of families in China, so that its Dakening, Sismin, Caile, Tylenol … all became necessities at home. The history of Xi ‘an Jansen dates back to 1961, when the Belgian scientist Dr. Paul Jansen joined Johnson & Johnson with his Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies. Since then, the strength of the Johnson & Johnson pharmaceutical sector has been greatly enhanced, and the research and development of prescription drugs has also been on the right track. However, after 2002, the OTC products that Xi ‘an Jansen relied on for a living began to decline. The fundamental reason was that the original star products, Motilium and Dyclonine, were already in the decline period of product life cycle, and the follow-up new products were unsustainable. Johnson & Johnson Group never gave Xi ‘an Jansen any new product support.

In 2021, under the pressure of cost, Johnson & Johnson began to carry out drastic reforms, divesting the consumer health business and listing it independently, becoming a dual-business company spanning the two major sectors of medical equipment and medicine. This series of reforms has also kept its performance growing in recent years. The semi-annual report in 2023 showed that its total revenue exceeded the $50 billion mark, among which the revenue of pharmaceutical business in the first half of the year increased by 3.7% year-on-year to $27.144 billion. Immunity and tumor were the main sources of performance in Johnson & Johnson’s pharmaceutical business.

In the future, Johnson & Johnson will focus more on the fields of tumor, immunity, nerve, cardiovascular, pulmonary hypertension and retina, and develop cutting-edge drugs. In terms of personnel structure, Joseph Wolk, chief financial officer of Johnson & Johnson, said last year that due to economic pressure and the separation plan of consumer health business, Johnson & Johnson may moderately reduce the number of employees.

Pfizer: structural adjustment

Since September, the structure of Pfizer China’s Hospital Emergency Division and Vaccine Division, as well as the changes of relevant responsible persons, have come into effect. Among them, the head of the Vaccine Division changed from Zhang Lingyan to Yang Bei, and there are North China District, South China District and Market Platform under the charge of Hao Yikai, Shi Yinli and Jin Xinqing respectively. It is understood that although Yang Bei is the new leader of the Vaccine Division, she has been working in Pfizer for 25 years, and the other three responsible persons have been in Pfizer for more than ten years.

Some insiders speculate that the coaching change of Pfizer Vaccine Division may be related to the performance pressure of its vaccine products. According to Pfizer’s forecast, the revenue of its two major COVID-19 products, vaccine (Comirnaty) and oral medicine (Paxlovid), will be about $13.5 billion and $8 billion in 2023, respectively, down by 64% and 58% compared with 2022, and the gross profit of COVID-19 vaccine will be equally divided with BioNTech.

At the same time, another star product of Pfizer, 13-price pneumonia vaccine Pei Er 13, successfully expanded its age in April this year, but with the catch-up of domestic pharmaceutical companies, Pei Er 13 is no longer the only choice in the China market. In 2020 and 2021, watson biological’s Woanxin and Minhai Bio’s Weimin Feibao were listed successively, and the prices were 598 yuan/dose and 458 yuan/dose respectively, which were significantly lower than Pei Er’s 698 yuan/dose. And as early as before Pei Er’s 13th birthday, the vaccination targets of Woanxin and Weimin Feibao were infants and children from 6 weeks to 5 years old (before the 6th birthday).

However, judging from the coaching change, Pfizer remains optimistic about the vaccine field and the China market. According to the data of the semi-annual report, Pfizer increased the cost of vaccine product research and development by 530 million US dollars in the first half of this year. As of June this year, Pfizer has 12 vaccines under research, and 1/3 of them have entered Phase III clinical practice.

Lilly: preparing for diet pills

On October 1st, Yuan Ping, the current acting head of Lilly’s Diabetes Alliance Division, was appointed as the national executive sales director of Diabetes Portfolio Division, and the head of Diabetes Alliance Division was replaced by Liu Aihua, the current head of Cancer Portfolio Division. This change may be a warm-up for the launch and promotion of the slimming and hypoglycemic drug telpotide in the second half of this year.

The semi-annual report shows that Lilly’s total revenue in the first half of the year was 15.272 billion US dollars, up about 7% year-on-year; The net profit was US$ 3.108 billion, up about 9% year-on-year, of which Telpotide achieved sales of US$ 980 million. Not only has the performance increased significantly, but under the expectation of diet pills and new drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, as of September 25th, Lilly’s total market value has reached as high as $524.3 billion, with a share price of $522. Telpotide, like Novo Nordisk’s Smegrupeptide and Liraglutide, belongs to the most popular GLP-1 drugs at present. The indications for weight loss of Lilly Telpotide injection were declared and listed in China in August, and it is expected to be listed at the end of the year.

Abbey: Looking for the Next "King of Medicine"

Recently, AbbVie terminated two agreements with innovative pharmaceutical companies in China. Tianjing Bio announced on September 22nd that AbbVie had terminated the agreement with lemzoparlimab, a candidate drug for CD47 antibody jointly developed and sold by the company in 2020, and the termination agreement will take effect on November 20th this year. It is understood that CD47 is another hot target after PD-1. Another project that was terminated was an authorized cooperation between AbbVie and Jiakesi Pharmaceutical, a domestic biopharmaceutical company, on SHP2 inhibitors. Garcos announced the termination of the project in July this year, and within 180 days of handover, AbbVie will continue to reimburse all expenses under the pre-approved development plan.

Many people were surprised by AbbVie’s decision to give up two innovative drugs from China. Some insiders speculate that it is because clinical trials have not reached expectations. In order to save costs, it is reasonable for AbbVie to give up these two projects.

In the past 20 years, Hummel, the "drug king", has brought more than $200 billion in revenue to AbbVie. However, at the beginning of this year, Amjevita, the first bio-similar drug of Hummel, officially entered the American market. In addition, nine bio-similar drugs competed with Hummel, resulting in a decline in its sales. In the first quarter of this year, AbbVie’s revenue was US$ 12.225 billion, down over 8% year-on-year, while Hummel’s revenue was US$ 3.541 billion, down over 20% year-on-year. AbbVie previously predicted that the franchise of Hummel will be eroded by about 45% in 2023, and AbbVie, who is eager to find the next "drug king", has been forced to terminate the research and development of seven ADC drugs.

Roche: Layout "New Troika"

Chen Shaofeng, the head of Roche’s specialty medicine field (ophthalmology, neuroscience, anti-infection and immunity) in China, resigned at the end of July. Since August 31st, Chen Kaijuan, the head of global integration strategy of Sufuda in Roche headquarters, has taken over the position of head of specialty medicine field, reporting directly to Bian Xin, president of Roche China.

Since last year, Roche has continuously optimized its strategic product portfolio in China. With the patent protection of "Troika" of Avastin, Herceptin and Rituximab expiring one after another, Roche is laying out a new "Troika", that is, expanding from a single tumor field to three major fields of "tumor, neuroscience and ophthalmology".

To this end, Roche has announced an additional investment of nearly 250 million yuan in China as working capital. Including this investment, Roche has invested a total of 1.4 billion yuan in the China market in three years. At present, Roche’s investment has achieved initial results. According to the data of the semi-annual report, Roche’s total business income was 22.681 billion Swiss francs (about 181.624 billion yuan), an increase of 8% year-on-year; Among them, the pharmaceutical business income in China was 1.505 billion Swiss francs (about RMB 12.052 billion), up 3% year-on-year, accounting for 6.6% of Roche’s global pharmaceutical business income.

Sanofi: Stick to the "Slimming Plan"

On August 31st, Sanofi, a French pharmaceutical giant, announced that Bill Hibbard, the head of its global specialty drugs, had resigned. On September 18th, Sanofi sold its 11 central nervous system products to Pharmanovia, another multinational pharmaceutical company.

In the past two years, Sanofi has been actively "slimming" by selling consumer health care brands and 17 drugs in the fields of central nervous system diseases and vascular diseases. This series of "sale plans" has been advocated by Paul Hudson, the current CEO of Sanofi, since he took office. In 2019, he put forward the "play to win" plan, aiming to focus Sanofi’s business on key research and development fields such as immune inflammation, rare diseases, tumors and vaccines from 2020 to 2025.

At present, the slimming plan has not changed. As of the first half of this year, Sanofi has at least 78 clinical projects, most of which are concentrated in the above key areas. According to the semi-annual report, Sanofi’s sales in the first half of this year reached 20.187 billion euros (about 156.389 billion yuan), a year-on-year increase of 2%. Among them, the core product, that is, Duplex monoclonal antibody in the self-exemption field, sold 4.878 billion euros (about 37.77 billion yuan). Two new drugs approved last year: Enjaymo, which is used to reduce the demand for red blood cell transfusion caused by hemolysis in adults with cold agglutinin’s disease (CAD), and Xenpozyme, which is used in children and adult patients with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD), have achieved an increase in volume, with an increase of 1800% and 750% respectively in the first half of the year. It can be seen that after getting rid of the non-main business, Sanofi has played a "home court advantage" more easily.

Novartis: Spinning off Generic Drug Subsidiary

On September 15th, Novartis announced that on October 4th, Sandoz, a subsidiary of Novartis, which specializes in generic drugs and bio-similar drugs, was officially split.

It took Novartis nearly five years to divest Sandoz. The initial split news came out in 2018, when Sandoz’s performance showed a downward trend and dragged down Novartis. Although Sandoz, Tiwa and Huizhi dominate the world’s top three in the field of generic drugs, Sandoz’s generic drugs brought Novartis only one-fifth of the total revenue in 2022, and the rest were created by innovative drugs. The data shows that in 2022, the revenue of Novartis innovative drugs was 41.296 billion US dollars, accounting for 82% of its total revenue; Sandoz’s revenue is $9.249 billion.

In order to become a truly innovative drug company, Novartis has been split up in recent years. In addition to Sandoz, Novartis also split Alcon, one of the largest ophthalmic products and equipment companies. In addition, in the field of treatment, Novartis has also focused on cardiovascular, kidney and metabolism, immunity, neuroscience and tumor from more than 10 original concerns.

At present, Novartis is moving towards the goal of being the largest innovative pharmaceutical company in the world. In the first half of this year, Novartis’s net sales were US$ 26.575 billion (about RMB 194.314 billion), a year-on-year increase of 5%; The net profit was US$ 4.611 billion (about RMB 33.715 billion), a year-on-year increase of 32%.

Immena: poor performance for "veteran"

Inmina, the leader in gene sequencing, announced on September 20th that Li Qing, the company’s global senior vice president and general manager of Greater China, had left. The day before, Waters announced the appointment of Li Qing as the company’s vice president and general manager of Greater China.

Imina is a global leader in gene sequencing and chip technology, and its product line covers scientific analysis instruments such as sequencing platforms, chip scanners and in-vitro diagnostic sequencers. But in recent years, the performance in China market is not good. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the revenue of Mina China dropped by 22%, and in the first quarter of 2023, the revenue dropped by 28% to 91 million US dollars (about 665 million yuan). According to this year’s semi-annual report, in the second quarter, Mina’s performance in China was still declining, and its revenue was US$ 115 million (about RMB 841 million), down 3% year-on-year.

In this regard, Immena explained that global inflation, exchange rate, slowing economic growth, and market competition have caused poor performance. Now that "veteran" Li Qing has gone, the challenge is still there, because it is still unknown whether Mina’s performance will pick up in the second half of the year.

GSK: R&D has been frustrated repeatedly

Recently, GSK announced that Dr. John Lepore, Senior Vice President and Director of R&D, had left the company. Dr. Kaivan Khavandi, the new R&D director who will succeed him, will lead GSK’s restructured respiratory and immunology department. On September 11th, WestlyYu, the current vice president of GSK China and head of respiratory business, was appointed as vice president and head of special medicine business, and continued to be one of the leading teams of GSK China, reporting directly to Qi Xin, general manager of GSK China. There are indications that the GSK changes not only personnel, but also internal structure and research and development direction.

In recent years, GSK has had a hard time, especially in the research and development of new drugs with high investment and high risk. In November 2022, an ADC drug under GSK was stopped by the FDA; In February of this year, the CEO of GSK announced that he would end all investment in gene therapy; In addition, GSK’s PD-1 drug Jemperli, which was acquired by acquiring Tesaro for $5.1 billion, sold only $8 million in the first half of 2022, far below GSK’s expectations.

GSK’s executive adjustment may be to change the status quo of making ends meet. GSK divides the R&D department into three groups: respiratory and immunology, vaccines and infectious diseases, and oncology, which are dedicated to initial discovery and early clinical research. GSK also said that it will not reduce investment in research and development, and will accelerate the development of products in the future.

AstraZeneca: Increase investment in China.

According to the British "Daily Mail" reported on September 10th, the CEO of AstraZeneca may leave as soon as next year. Although changes are on the way, AstraZeneca’s development in China is becoming more and more "localized". In 2023, AstraZeneca celebrated its 30th anniversary in China. Over the past 30 years, the China market has become increasingly important in AstraZeneca’s global strategic position, with R&D investment in China reaching 1.5 billion US dollars and investment exceeding 1 billion US dollars. At present, China has developed into AstraZeneca’s second largest market in the world, and is gradually changing from the original "main sales place" to "main production place" and "main creation place".

Following the formal signing of the domestic production and supply base of Budigefu inhalation aerosol with a total investment of about 450 million US dollars with Qingdao High-tech Zone on March 25th this year, AstraZeneca planned to invest another 250 million US dollars in Qingdao inhalation aerosol production and supply base project on August 14th, in order to increase the canning production capacity and build an inhalation aerosol packaging production line, and further expand the production and supply base capacity. In addition, it is reported that AstraZeneca will also set up a research and development center in Hong Kong.

Bayer and Bojian: A wave of layoffs is coming.

On September 15th, it was reported in Reuters that Bill Anderson, CEO of Bayer, was considering cutting management, and the specific plan will be put forward at the recent internal strategy meeting. On the same day, Oliver Kohlhaas, head of Bayer strategy, announced his resignation.

Although Bayer’s global spokesman declined to comment, Bayer’s layoffs have already begun. In February of this year, Bayer launched the "Resignation Option Plan" in California, USA, which laid off 55 employees who were over 55 years old and had served for 10 years. In August, BlueRock Therapeutics, a cell therapy company owned by Bayer, announced that it would lay off about 50 employees. In addition, since 2023, Bayer’s share price has only increased by 6%, far less than its peers, and Novartis’s share price has increased by 18% in the same period. It is reported that in the next few months, Bayer will formulate a more official comprehensive restructuring plan to boost the company’s share price, and many investors hope that it can split the two major departments of agriculture and medicine and go public independently.

Bayer is not the only one to reduce costs and increase efficiency. In July, Bojian, who just made a major breakthrough in the field of drugs for Alzheimer’s Harmo, announced that it would try to save $1 billion in operating expenses by 2025 by laying off 1,000 people and stopping the research and development of at least four drugs, and spend $300 million of it on the research and development of new drugs.

Survival, operational efficiency and clinical demand have always been the three driving forces for the continuous reform of domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies. The reform and adjustment of multinational pharmaceutical companies are also inseparable from these three factors. In addition, in the face of a more complex and huge China market, it will take more effort. How innovative drugs can enter medical insurance, how to promote them after entering medical insurance, and how to compete with similar products have forced multinational pharmaceutical companies to make constant adjustments in structural changes, internal resources and key teams.

At present, the policy that has the greatest impact on the performance of pharmaceutical companies in the second half of the year is undoubtedly the medical anti-corruption action that is expected to last for one year. Tang Aijin, chief analyst of Cinda Securities Medicine, believes that medical anti-corruption will affect the sales rhythm in the short term, but it will not be broken. Strengthening the restriction and supervision of the whole industry will benefit the long-term healthy development of the industry, and pharmaceutical companies will pay more attention to R&D and innovation after the sales expenses are limited.

Camp of Wu ‘a Highway Project Department of China Hydropower Company. On January 28th, the project department was attacked by Sudanese rebels, and 29 China workers were kidnapped. Information photo This version of the picture is based on the website of China Hydropower Corporation.

Asphalt pavement construction of Sudan Wu ‘a highway. Information photo

　　29 kidnapped Sudanese workers are still under the control of anti-government forces and are in South China; The whereabouts of one abductee is unknown.

　　■ "The Chinese enterprise Sudan was attacked and more than 20 Chinese were missing" tracking.

　　Comprehensive Xinhua News Agency The Embassy of China in Sudan confirmed on the 30th that 17 China workers of China Company who were attacked a few days ago have been transferred to a safe place by Sudanese government forces.

　　In addition, 29 previously kidnapped China workers are still under the control of Sudanese rebels.

　　A total of 29 China workers were abducted.

　　A person in charge of China’s embassy in Sudan told Xinhua News Agency that China Hydropower Corporation was attacked by the anti-government armed forces "Sudan People’s Liberation Movement" (Northern Bureau) at a highway project site in South Kordofan, Sudan, and 29 China workers were kidnapped. Other personnel in the construction site scattered and hid near the construction site in time. Sudanese government forces then found 17 China workers and moved them to a safe place.

　　At present, the Embassy of China in Sudan and other relevant departments in China are continuing to communicate with the Sudanese side and actively rescue the 29 China workers who were abducted.

　　The embassy sent a working group to assist in the rescue.

　　China’s embassy in Sudan said on the 30th that it had sent a four-member working group to help the Sudanese government rescue 29 China workers who were abducted by local rebels.

　　An embassy official said that a working group consisting of three diplomats, including the Political Counselor, and a person in charge of China Hydropower Corporation went to Bailly, the capital of North Kordofan State, to meet 17 China workers who were safely transferred by Sudanese government forces. Subsequently, the working group will participate in helping to rescue the hijacked workers in China.

　　An official of China’s embassy in Sudan said that all communications between the kidnapped China people and the outside world were cut off. South Kordofan, where the attack occurred, borders South Sudan and is one of the most rampant areas of anti-government armed activities. Anti-government forces are mainly entrenched in the Nuba Mountains in the state.

　　There are 47 China workers on the construction site.

　　On the 28th, a highway project site of China Hydropower Corporation in South Kordofan, Sudan was attacked by the anti-government armed forces "Sudan People’s Liberation Movement" (Northern Bureau).

　　At the time of the incident, there were 47 China workers in the construction site, 29 of whom were abducted by anti-government forces, and the other 18 workers scattered and hid near the construction site in time. The Sudanese government forces then found 17 China workers who were not abducted and moved them to a safe place, but the whereabouts of one China worker are still unknown, and the Sudanese government forces are continuing to search for his whereabouts.

　　An official of China’s embassy in Sudan said that 29 kidnapped China workers are still under the control of anti-government forces.

　　■ reaction

　　The Ministry of Commerce issued a security reminder.

　　The Ministry of Commerce issued a message yesterday, reminding China’s relevant enterprises and personnel in Sudan to do a good job in safety precautions, pay close attention to the changes in the local security situation and ensure the safety of life and property.

　　"There is no problem in the capital." Mr. Liu, an employee of China Hydropower Company who works in Khartoum, said that the situation in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, is relatively safe and life has not had much impact. The Embassy and the Commercial Counsellor’s Office require Chinese companies in the Soviet Union to be vigilant and take various measures to ensure safety.

　　According to Mr. Liu, in Sudan, Chinese specially grows vegetables from China and supplies them to Chinese-funded units. South Kordofan, Sudan, which was attacked on the construction site in China, is located on the border between North and South Sudan. Usually, the living conditions of workers are quite good, and the company has uniform accommodation standards. Like Khartoum, the food we eat is also grown in Chinese and then delivered.

　　According to a senior official of a state-owned investment enterprise who once lived in Sudan, both state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in China have many projects in Sudan. In the area north of Khartoum, because of the low population density, the people are very comfortable and the social order is good, but there is always a conflict between herders and aborigines at the junction of the south and the north. According to its introduction, most of the state-owned projects are in the north, but they are gradually going to the south. The hydropower highway project in this accident belongs to the famous "Six Roads and One Bridge" project in South Kordofan, where there are many conflicts.

　　■ statement

　　"Beifangju or pressure the government by kidnapping"

　　In response to the hijacking incident, the reporter interviewed He Wenping, a researcher at the African Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He Wenping pointed out that this is a rare large-scale kidnapping of China workers in recent years. She thinks that the kidnapping is unlikely to be aimed at China workers, possibly for financial purposes, and it is unlikely to have much impact on China’s investment in Sudan.

　　Since the Northern Bureau has not indicated the purpose of kidnapping China workers so far, He Wenping analyzed two possibilities. First, it was politically motivated. Because of its anti-government armed nature, the Northern Bureau may have pressured the government by kidnapping China workers, so as to get the government to agree to some of their demands; The second possibility is the purpose of money, that is, kidnapping for ransom He Wenping also pointed out that because the kidnapping place is the focus of the conflict between the Northern Bureau and the government forces, it does not rule out the possibility that the Northern Bureau did not plan it, but just stole the China workers.

　　He Wenping pointed out that the hijacking incident raised a new problem for China’s overseas investment, that is, how to consider the security cost of outsourced projects, such as the construction of projects in a complicated country like Sudan, and the risk level naturally increased. He Wenping pointed out that although unstable factors increase the cost of engineering safety, certain strategies can be adopted to balance risks. For example, assess and investigate the risk areas in Africa, classify the risk levels, and observe the changes of local risk levels at any time.

　　■ progress

　　"Some robbed China workers were rescued" is not true.

　　On the 30th, members of the Sudanese delegation attending the 18th African Union Summit in Addis Ababa denied reports that 29 China workers kidnapped in Sudan had been partially rescued.

　　The member of the Sudanese delegation, who asked not to be named, said that 29 Sudanese workers kidnapped in the border area between Sudan and South Sudan are currently in South China, and the report that some of the kidnapped workers were rescued is not true. He said that the Sudanese side kept close contact with the kidnappers and would do everything possible to rescue the workers in China.

　　Earlier, foreign news reported that Sudanese government forces successfully rescued 14 China workers abducted by anti-government forces on the 30th. Our reporter connected Liu Zhenyong, spokesmen of the China Embassy in Sudan, and told reporters that the Sudanese military rescued 17 workers from China. These 17 workers were not the 29 abducted China workers, but other workers hiding near the Chinese camp. These people were not injured. For safety reasons, Liu Zhenyong said that the details of the rescue and the location of the rescued workers could not be disclosed.

　　He said that at present, the embassy is closely carrying out search and rescue work, actively contacting relevant Sudanese departments, and will disclose the progress to the outside world in a timely manner, but can not disclose specific details for the time being.

　　Armed groups promised to release China workers.

　　In the early morning of January 30th, Beijing time, Yasser arman, secretary general of Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau), an anti-government armed force in Sudan, said in an interview with CNTV reporter that Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau) would never oppose China and Chinese, and guarantee the safety of China workers and release them.

　　Arman also said: "We are a force for peace, stability and global coexistence. The leadership of Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau) and myself — — The Secretary-General and Chairman are doing their best to get accurate information about Chinese’s detention from our troops at the front line in South Kordofan. If China citizens are with the army of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau), please rest assured that we will ensure their safety and release them. "

　　■ The kidnapping of China workers in Sudan.

　　On October 3, 2011, a PetroChina worker was killed by unidentified gunmen in South Kordofan, Sudan, and another was injured.

　　On October 18, 2008, nine employees of PetroChina were kidnapped by local rebel militants at a construction site in southwest Sudan, five of them were killed and four were rescued.

　　On March 26th, 2004, two China workers were killed by mobs in Sudan. They were pilots of Sudan Project Department of Liaohe Oilfield Road Construction Company under China Petroleum and Natural Gas Group Corporation.

　　This version of the manuscript (except signature) is integrated with CCTV.

　　Our reporter Danielle Courbe Chu Xinyan Jin Yu Shen Yuqing and other reports.

　　 At the CCTV 3.15 party, the host provided a photo of his own identity on the spot. After about a minute, the photo changed from static to dynamic, and he could blink and smile. After that, the host opened a face recognition APP in the mobile phone, followed the steps of face-brushing login, and directly logged in successfully.

　　The host invited an audience at random and found a public selfie in the audience’s personal Weibo. After on-site technical processing, this photo was quickly generated into a 3D face model exactly like the audience. Subsequently, the host aimed at the mobile phone lens in his hand, put the audience’s 3D face model on his face and directly "changed his face", and completed the actions of blinking, turning his head, smiling and so on in turn according to the tips of in-vivo detection in the APP, and even deceived the APP and successfully completed the in-vivo detection certification.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, March 19th (Reporter He Xinrong) With a selfie taken by an audience, the face authentication system of mobile phones was successfully cracked. Recently, the security loopholes in "brush face login" have attracted much attention in the 315 rights protection activities. However, relevant information security experts believe that compared with the security loopholes in the process of data transmission and authentication, once the biometric data in the background is stolen, it will bring greater risks to users.

　　With the continuous progress of technology, biometric authentication methods such as fingerprint recognition, iris recognition and face recognition are constantly innovating, and the traditional "user name+password" has evolved into a more advanced and three-dimensional protection system such as "user name+password+biometric+biological detection". Facing the increasingly high-tech certification technology, both people and enterprises feel that the safety factor has also improved.

　　But this is not the case. For example, although face recognition technology looks quite advanced, once criminals break the technical barrier, they may infringe on the interests of consumers by "brushing their faces" under the condition of obtaining other information of consumers.

　　After the security vulnerability of face recognition was exposed, many Internet companies issued statements at the first time, indicating that this risk had been foreseen. Yan Shuicheng, the chief scientist of 360, said that at this stage, face authentication technology can not be very mature in all occasions. In scenes involving important information such as personal privacy and property, it is recommended to enable multiple authentication methods.

　　Tan Jianfeng, president of Shanghai Information Security Industry Association, also said that in principle, all authentication is nothing more than information comparison between server and authentication. In the Internet environment, once biometric authentication is adopted, feature data will be generated. All biometric data, as long as they enter the computer, will be converted into machine codes of 0 and 1 and stored in the database.

　　"The biggest commonality of biometric authentication is uniqueness. Everyone has a unique face, fingerprint and iris. It is this uniqueness that makes people think that biometric authentication is safe. However, once the biometric database is breached, a large number of unique biometric data will be stolen, which will bring more risks than ‘ Stealing brush ’ Much more serious. This is the real way of biometric authentication ‘ Pain point ’ 。” Tan Jianfeng said.

　　In Tan Jianfeng’s view, biometric authentication technology at this stage is actually more suitable for localized applications without networking, such as access control, safes and bank vaults. Without the support of mature information security technology, Internet companies should not be eager to attract the public with such technologies with security risks as "gimmicks".

　　At the CCTV 3.15 party this year, an interactive demonstration to test the security of face recognition was extremely scary. With the help of technical experts, the host can not only make a selfie of the audience blink, but also make it a face model that can be controlled by anyone, thus breaking the face authentication.

　　What exactly is this "face change"? Qiu Xuekan, a visual analysis expert of 360 Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, explained that face recognition needs to pass two authentication points, one is face comparison, that is, to judge whether the face to be verified is the person or not, and the other is live detection, that is, to judge whether the face to be verified is real and effective. And this demonstration, in the case of clear frontal photos, mainly focuses on the second point. He said that in order to crack the face-brushing login, according to the photo of the certificate provided by the host, the on-site technicians can complete the blinking and smiling actions needed for the face-brushing login by changing the selfie from static to dynamic with the help of the key point positioning of the face and the automatic face dynamic effect technology. The cracking of live detection is to transform the randomly selected audience photos into a solid face model through 3D modeling.

　　With the deepening of live broadcast in recent years, online automobile marketing has gradually entered the "live broadcast era". As a powerful promoter of this wave, Knowing Car Emperor has become a popular platform for auto dealers to start "live broadcast selling cars". Driven by the new online business model, how to grasp the online development opportunities and achieve the growth target in the fierce competition environment is a common topic faced by automobile brands and dealers.

　　On September 23rd, the first stop of the series of activities "2021 Gravity Summit of Dealers Who Know Car Emperor" with the theme of "Building a New Store by Emperor" was held in Shanghai. The activities brought a number of industry head experts and business line leaders who know car emperor together to explore ways to break the current growth of automobile marketing online.

　　01

　　Market transformation intensifies digital marketing into a way to break the situation

　　According to the data forecast from Otis Research, the retail volume of passenger car terminals in 2021 is estimated to be 21.6 million, which is roughly the same as the sales volume in 2020, which is somewhat different from the general optimistic expectation of the industry at the beginning of the year.

Lang Xuehong, Deputy Secretary General of china automobile dealers association

　　According to Lang Xuehong, Deputy Secretary-General of china automobile dealers association, the structural shortage caused by chip shortage has a certain impact on the automobile market, but the more important and deeper reason is the insufficient support of consumption kinetic energy. Lang Xuehong suggested that under the background of the rapid growth of sales and ownership of new energy vehicles, car dealers need to change their thinking and rely on digital means to change from "people looking for cars" to "looking for someone" actively. At the same time, make good use of vertical platforms, expand online marketing channels, build digital capabilities of enterprises, and strengthen online customer collection and transformation capabilities.

Wang Sai, Digital Marketing Strategy Transformator

　　Wang Sai, a strategic transformer of digital marketing, believes that subtle changes have taken place in the user’s car purchase link, which has promoted the continuous increase in the proportion of online marketing of dealers. "Seeing (understanding), searching (attracting), entering (asking), comparing (competing for comparison), entering (entering the store), purchasing (purchasing for the first time), linking (private domain connection) and expanding (active sharing)" are brand-new. "The industry needs cognitive expansion, and car companies and dealers need to start from the details, grasp the marketing actions of each step, and build new communication capabilities represented by short videos and live broadcasts, new pioneering capabilities represented by cross-border connections and smart recommendations, and new brand capabilities represented by customer portraits." Wang Sai said.

　　02

　　Product service upgrade, selling cars and proofing "new store"

　　As of July, there are more than 23,000 4S stores that know how to sell cars and connect cars, ranking first in the industry at this stage. The effective rate of clues is as high as 52%, which is at the leading level in the industry. The car purchase rate of potential customers obtained from a large sample survey is over 47%, and the conversion efficiency is really visible. In the 2021 online sales clue market, the clue of knowing the car emperor accounted for more than 31% in the same period, which provided a strong guarantee for the growth of online marketing for dealers.

Cui Qiao, head of commercial products of commercial dealers who know Chedi.

　　"The so-called’ new store’ is essentially an extension and expansion of the traditional sales scene. On the one hand, through digital marketing means such as live broadcast, more customer acquisition scenarios are provided for dealers. On the other hand, through the binding of live broadcast and e-commerce, the extension of customer acquisition to transaction scenarios is completed. " Cui Qiao, the person in charge of commercial products of Chedi commercial dealers, said.

　　It is understood that in order to better provide high-quality services for dealer partners, in 2022, the car-selling car link will be fully upgraded: the strategic end relies on the three cores of "increasing to the supply side, increasing to the new track, and increasing efficiency to the business side", and the "new infrastructure" of dealer marketing will be built with the "1+6" advanced matrix. The product end will open up the whole line of car-selling and Tik Tok live broadcast, deeply integrating the ecology and capabilities of live broadcast+e-commerce. Utilize functions and services such as "ecological access, dual broadcast on one machine (which can be broadcast live on both sides of Tik Tok and Zhiche Di at the same time), 0-threshold e-commerce, asset precipitation of merchant’s B-side account system, full-link conversion diagnosis, and terminal after-sales income increase" to help dealers fully develop increments and create new business possibilities.

2022 understand the car and sell the car in an all-round way.

　　At the meeting, Wang Lingyun, the operation manager of Lantu Automobile Shanghai Ruihong Road Branch, shared the experience of emerging brands on how to use live broadcast to create new online stores and win transformation. According to her introduction, at the beginning of the launch, Lantu faced the embarrassment that "the wine is also afraid of the deep alley". Adhering to the attitude of "making friends with users by live broadcast", the brand chooses to cooperate with the platform of knowing the car emperor, and through live broadcast at least four times a week, the transaction will be generated within one month after the launch.

　　03

　　Gain insight into the link value and seize the growth opportunity.

　　While continuously expanding the opening of the "production end" of clues, and bringing more gains to dealers with massive real and effective clues, Knowing Car Emperor also relies on digital and intelligent means to improve the conversion efficiency of key nodes such as clue follow-up and invitation, and help dealers to improve the efficiency of the back link.

Feng Wei, the person in charge of knowing the clue operation of Chedi.

　　Feng Wei, the person in charge of knowing the clue operation of Chedi, pointed out: "In the post-link stage, there is only a single step between consumers and distributors. The essential goal of post-link marketing is to interrupt the whole purchase process from information acquisition to transaction transformation as little as possible and help distributors’ leap the last mile of the transaction."

　　Based on the strategy of improving link efficiency, Zhiche Di put forward a set of mature methodology and operation system: improve the efficiency of clue circulation through comprehensive diagnosis of link problems; After the feedback of link data, the full link conversion behavior can be better restored. Through the effective attribution of the model, the data-driven optimization of the previous delivery model can improve the conversion efficiency of users at all stages of the entire online car purchase life cycle, and help dealers achieve real transformation by outputting targeted optimization solutions and other services.

　　From content to service, Knowing Car Emperor always takes the development trend of the industry as the basis, and takes the actual needs of users and dealer partners as the guide, and constantly digs deep into the value of the platform, releasing innovative research results outward, so as to better promote the positive evolution of the industry. Gravitation Summit will continue to serve as an important window for deep communication between the platform and dealer partners, and undertake the original intention of both parties to explore industry trends and seek common long-term growth.

　　It is understood that this year’s dealer gravity summit will continue to land in Changchun, Beijing, Chengdu, Jinan, Haikou and other cities, and discuss with local dealers the new possibilities of online growth of automobile marketing.