Measures of Guangdong Provincial Price Bureau for the Administration of Motor Vehicle Parking Service Charges

Guangdong Price [2007] No.290

(Promulgated by Guangdong Provincial Price Bureau on December 18, 2007 with Guangdong Price [2007] No.290 and effective as of July 1, 2008)

　　Article 1 In order to strengthen the management of motor vehicle parking service charges in Guangdong Province, standardize the behavior of motor vehicle parking service charges, protect the legitimate rights and interests of car owners and motor vehicle parking service operators, and reasonably guide the parking demand, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Price Law and other relevant laws and regulations, combined with the actual situation in Guangdong Province.

　　Article 2 These Measures shall apply to all kinds of business activities that operate motor vehicle parking services and collect motor vehicle parking service fees within the administrative area of Guangdong Province.

　　Citizens, legal persons or other organizations that provide their own motor vehicle parking spaces to others through oral or written contracts, agreements, agreements, etc., and charge related fees, shall determine the charging standards according to the provisions of Article 5 of these Measures.

　　Article 3 The competent price department of the people’s government at or above the county level is the competent department of motor vehicle parking service charges, and is responsible for the management of motor vehicle parking service charges.

　　Article 4 Under the condition of ensuring smooth traffic and not affecting the public security environment, temporary free parking places are encouraged to be set up, and public welfare places are encouraged to provide free parking services.

　　Article 5 According to the following provisions, the charges for motor vehicle parking services shall be subject to market-regulated prices, government-guided prices and government-set prices respectively.

　　(a) indoor professional parking lot (except for the government’s full investment or participation in the construction) parking service charges are subject to market adjustment, and the charging standards are independently formulated by the parking lot operators according to law.

　　Indoor professional parking lot refers to a parking lot which is set in a building by an operator whose main business is to provide parking services, but is not matched with the building, has independent property rights, and all parking spaces are covered by a roof, and has the functions of sun protection and rain protection.

　　(2) Parking service charges for shopping malls, entertainment places, hotels, office buildings, logistics parks and professional markets, parking lots in residential areas and open-air parking lots located in suburban areas of cities shall be subject to government guidance prices. The operator shall determine the specific charging standard within the benchmark price and floating range set by the competent price department of the people’s government at or above the county level where the parking lot is located.

　　(3) Parking service charges for airports, railway stations, docks, tourist attractions, port supporting parking lots, bus hub stations and subway interchange stations, on-road manual parking lots and parking meters, indoor professional parking lots invested or built by the government, and open-air parking lots located in urban areas shall be subject to government pricing. The specific charging standard shall be formulated by the competent price department of the people’s government at or above the county level where the parking lot is located.

　　(IV) Motor vehicle parking service charges generated by motor vehicle being temporarily detained and towed to designated parking lots by public security traffic management departments due to traffic violations, accidents or breakdowns shall be subject to government pricing. The specific charging standard shall be formulated by the competent price department of the people’s government at or above the county level where the parking lot is located.

　　Sixth hospitals, schools, museums, libraries, youth palaces, cultural palaces, party and government organs, institutions and other internal parking lots, in principle, should provide free motor vehicle parking services. In order to reasonably adjust the utilization of parking service resources or make up for the normal service expenses, the specific charging standards shall be formulated by the competent price department of the local people’s government at or above the county level in accordance with the principle of reasonable compensation for unprofitable costs.

　　Article 7 The principles of reasonable compensation for operating costs, paying taxes according to law, and ensuring capital preservation and meager profits shall be followed in formulating the charging standards for motor vehicle parking services.

　　When formulating the charging standard for motor vehicle parking service, the competent pricing department of the government should comprehensively consider the factors such as the level of parking facilities, geographical location, service conditions, market supply and demand and social affordability, organize price hearings according to law, and solicit opinions from all walks of life.

　　Eighth in any of the following circumstances, free parking service fees:

　　(a) to enter the parking lot of residential areas for no more than 30-60 minutes, the specific time limit shall be determined by the competent price department of the people’s government at the prefecture level according to local conditions;

　　(2) entering the parking lot shared by office buildings, shopping malls, entertainment places, hotels and residential areas for no more than 30 minutes;

　　(3) entering airports, railway stations, docks, tourist attractions, office buildings, shopping malls, entertainment places, hotels, ports and other supporting parking lots, as well as other kinds of parking lots (excluding automatic parking facilities for meters and parking lots listed in items (1) and (2)) for less than 15 minutes;

　　(four) military vehicles, police cars, hospital ambulances and municipal engineering emergency vehicles.

　　Article 9 The charges for motor vehicle parking services shall be charged according to the following provisions, and the specific charging method shall be determined by the competent pricing department of the people’s government at the prefecture level or above.

　　(a) the parking service charges of motorcycles, cars, carts and super-large cars should be charged differently. Cars are all kinds of motor vehicles with a load of less than 2 tons (including 2 tons) or carrying less than 20 passengers (including 20 seats); The cart is a variety of motor vehicles with a load of more than 2 tons to 10 tons (including 10 tons) or carrying more than 20 passengers; Super large trucks are all kinds of trucks with a load of more than 10 tons.

　　(two) motor vehicle parking service fees can be charged by time, hour, day, month and year, and can also be charged progressively or progressively according to the relationship between supply and demand of parking spaces. If the billing unit is "days" (the starting and ending time is continuously accumulated for 24 hours as one day), the same vehicle can only be charged once a day for parking in and out of the same day.

　　(3) The service hours of motor vehicle parking can be divided into night, day and night, and the parking hours can also be divided into busy hours and non-busy hours according to the actual situation. Different charging standards can be implemented at different time periods.

　　Article 10 For the charging of motor vehicle parking services at government-guided and government-set prices, the operator shall obtain the charging certificate from the competent pricing department of the government, publicize it in a prominent position in the business premises, and accept social supervision.

　　Article 11 All kinds of operators providing motor vehicle parking services shall clearly mark the price according to the provisions of the competent pricing department of the government, and mark the parking service content, parking service fee charging basis, charging standard, charging method, free parking time limit and complaint telephone number with price tags in a prominent position at the entrance and exit of the parking service business premises.

　　The price tag of motor vehicle parking service charges shall be supervised by the competent price department of the people’s government at or above the county level in a unified format.

　　Article 12 All kinds of operators who provide motor vehicle parking services shall collect motor vehicle parking service fees, and pay taxes according to regulations by using the bills prescribed by the tax authorities.

　　Thirteenth government price departments should strengthen the supervision and inspection of motor vehicle parking service charges according to law.

　　All kinds of price violations, such as failure to implement government-guided prices, government pricing, failure to clearly mark prices, price fraud, etc., shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the Price Law, the Provisions on Administrative Penalties for Price Violations and other laws and regulations.

　　Article 14 The price department of the local people’s government at or above the county level shall promptly correct the charges for motor vehicle parking services that have a strong social reaction and are obviously unreasonable; Where the competent price department of the local people’s government at or above the county level fails to correct in time, the competent price department of the people’s government at a higher level has the right to order it to correct, and informed criticism.

　　Fifteenth price departments of municipal governments at or above the local level may formulate specific management policies according to these measures and local conditions.

　　Sixteenth approach by the Guangdong Provincial Price Bureau is responsible for the interpretation of.

　　Seventeenth these Measures shall come into force as of July 1, 2008. The detailed rules for the implementation of the measures for the administration of motor vehicle parking fees in Guangdong Province, which came into effect on July 1, 2001, shall be abolished at the same time.

In 2024, the field of autonomous driving ushered in an unprecedented capital boom. The continuous upgrading of Tesla FSD system and rumors of entering China, like a shot in the arm, have stimulated the market’s infinite reverie of end-to-end autonomous driving technology. The capital market responded quickly, and many self-driving companies in China rushed to the market. Horizon, Wen Yuan Zhixing, Xiaoma Zhixing, Youjia Technology and other companies successfully listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the US stock market, and the financing and valuation of the self-driving industry continued to rise.

The rise of end-to-end autonomous driving technology

In 2024, autonomous driving technology ushered in the upsurge of end-to-end autonomous driving. Tesla has become a leader in this field with the continuous upgrading of its FSD system. Tesla’s version of FSDV12 introduced a brand-new end-to-end neural network architecture, which realized full automation from perception to vehicle control. The subsequent version of FSDV13.2 further improved the user experience and realized the "point-to-point" automatic driving function. The breakthrough of this technology not only makes Tesla shine in the North American market, but also paves the way for it to enter the China market soon.

At the same time, Huawei, Ideality, Momenta and other companies have also actively deployed in the field of end-to-end autonomous driving. Huawei Gankun has released a high-level Gankun ADS3.0 version that supports intelligent driving in urban areas, and an ADSSE version that can realize high-speed navigation assistance and basic intelligent parking. From 2.0 to 3.0, the intelligent driving ability has been optimized a lot, and many new specific functions have been added, such as NCA traffic around the island, NCA roadside parking function, lateral anti-collision avoidance function, and anti-collision function by mistake. Tramway has experienced a variety of models equipped with Huawei Gankun Intelligent Driving ADS3.0 this year. Among them, the most impressive one is Zhijie S7, which can park in the underground parking lot, find parking spaces and park them without driving, and can also complete the operations of courtesy to pedestrians, reversing and avoiding by itself.

On October 23rd this year, LI announced the industry’s first new generation of dual-system intelligent driving scheme, end-to-end +VLM full push. Then on November 28 th, the intelligent driving from the ideal parking space to the parking space took the lead. In less than a month, the 2024 Ideal AI Talk forecast: the whole scene of high-speed cities will be upgraded to end-to-end +VLM, and will be fully pushed to AD Max users on December 31. Accompanying with the "end-to-end" of the ideal, it has achieved phased results, and for the long-term technical pre-research, the ideal has also adjusted the organizational structure of its own intelligent driving team. Recently, in the face of media interviews, Li Xiang even talked about AI Kan Kan. He regarded artificial intelligence as "the whole of the future", and thought that the appearance of large models would fundamentally change human beings. End-to-end +VLM would break the "inertia thinking" that users used to use smart driving, and let consumers truly realize that smart driving is no longer an "unnecessary choice" but an "optimal solution" for travel life.

"Extreme cost performance" smart driving products are favored.

Consumers’ demand for intelligent driving products is no longer limited to functional perfection and advanced technology, and the level of cost performance has also become an important consideration for their choice.

In order to meet the changes in the smart driving market, Mimo has released three "extremely cost-effective" intelligent assisted driving products, HP170, HP370 and HP570, which fully meet the mass production needs of high, medium and low-priced smart driving models. At present, the second-generation HPilot’s extremely cost-effective NOH smart driving products have entered the delivery state one after another.

On November 29th, Mi Mi Zhixing celebrated its fifth anniversary. According to the internal letter, the company’s intelligent driving products have been equipped with more than 20 models, and the mileage of intelligent driving has exceeded 250 million kilometers, providing services for more than hundreds of thousands of car owners; In the past five years, the average price of bicycles in the industry has been reduced from several hundred thousand yuan to several tens of thousands yuan, which has helped the intelligent upgrading of the logistics industry and delivered nearly 900,000 orders for express delivery, supermarkets and other logistics scenes in China. In terms of technology research and development and product landing, we will continue to increase investment in research and development, ensure that the second-generation smart driving products at the end of the year are delivered at a fixed point in mass production, create an urban map-free NOA scheme with the best cost performance in the industry, and achieve full coverage of the whole country.

DJI Zhijia has successfully opened up the market with the strategy of "extremely cost-effective". DJI has greatly reduced the cost of high-level intelligent driving system through its innovative "in-line platform", which makes the technology that only appeared in high-end models in the past more and more popular in the low-end market. DJI Intelligent Driving System, based on pure vision scheme and independent of high-precision maps and lidar, can realize L2+ intelligent driving function on 100,000-150,000 vehicles. Such cost control not only helps the car factory reduce the production cost, but also promotes the popularization of intelligent driving technology.

Capital feast of self-driving track

In 2024, more than a dozen self-driving companies have submitted listing applications or have been listed. It can be found that self-driving companies have ushered in a "capital feast". On January 5, 2024, Sagitar Juchuang was officially listed and became the "first share of lidar" in Hong Kong stocks. Since the second half of this year, such as Qi Chuxing, Black Sesame Smart, Horizon, etc. have been listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The latest information shows that Youjia Innovation started its IPO on December 17, and plans to officially list on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange with "2341.HK" as the stock code on December 27.

With the help of many companies including autonomous driving companies, the amount of new share financing of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange has increased significantly this year. According to the data of Deloitte China, as of December 31st, 2024, it is estimated that 69 new shares will be raised in Hong Kong, which is about HK$ 87.6 billion. Compared with HK$ 46.3 billion raised by 70 new shares in 2023, the number of new shares decreased by 1%, while the total amount of financing increased by 89%. In 2024, while the mainland’s new stock market slowed down, more Chinese-funded enterprises went public in the United States and raised more funds. About 53 Chinese companies will raise $1.843 billion, compared with 34 companies raising $855 million in 2023. In 2024, China enterprises listed in the United States, Kykrypton, Wen Yuan Zhixing and Xiaoma Zhixing ranked in the top three.

In 2023, China’s economy withstood external pressure, overcame internal difficulties, made solid progress in recovery and high-quality development, and the main expected goals were successfully achieved. This is a hard-won report card. While expanding domestic demand, stabilizing business entities and protecting people’s livelihood, the pace of high-quality economic development in China has never stopped, and a number of bright data highlight many new development advantages. In 2024, China’s economy will continue to exert its strength on the road of high-quality development, and the pace will be more determined.

[The profits of industrial enterprises above designated size continue to recover, and the role of "ballast stone" is constantly emerging]

According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on January 27th, in 2023, the total profits of industrial enterprises above designated size in China reached 7,685.83 billion yuan, which continued to recover. Judging from the growth rate of the month, in December 2023, the profits of industrial enterprises in the regulation increased by 16.8% year-on-year, and the profits have achieved positive growth for five consecutive months since August.

In 2023, the national industrial enterprises realized the annual operating income of 133.44 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year, and the cumulative revenue growth rate rebounded for five consecutive months.

The profit growth of equipment manufacturing industry is accelerating, and the role of "ballast stone" is constantly emerging. In 2023, the profit growth rate of the equipment manufacturing industry was 4.1%, 2.4 percentage points faster than that of the previous year, which boosted the industrial profit growth by 1.4 percentage points. Among them, the profits of the railway, ship, aerospace transportation equipment, electrical machinery industry and general equipment industry increased by double digits over the previous year. The optimization and upgrading of the industrial chain has been further promoted, and new industrial kinetic energy has been continuously cultivated and expanded.

[Counting the financial support for the real economy, the loan support for science and technology enterprises is stronger]

The statistical report on loan investment of financial institutions in 2023 was published.

On January 26th, the People’s Bank of China released the statistical report on the loan investment of financial institutions in 2023. The report shows that in 2023, medium and long-term loans in China’s industry, service industry and infrastructure industry maintained a relatively high growth rate, and loans supported science and technology enterprises.

The data shows that at the end of 2023, the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions was 237.59 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.6%; In the whole year, RMB loans increased by 22.75 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.31 trillion yuan over the same period of last year.

From the perspective of loan investment, medium and long-term loans in industry, service industry and infrastructure industry maintained a relatively high growth rate, of which the balance of medium and long-term loans in heavy industry was 18.62 trillion yuan, up 28% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 2.5 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year; The balance of medium and long-term loans for light industry was 3.2 trillion yuan, up 27.9% year-on-year.

Green loans grew rapidly. At the end of 2023, the balance of local and foreign currency green loans was 30.08 trillion yuan, up 36.5% year-on-year, 26.4 percentage points higher than the growth rate of various loans, and 8.48 trillion yuan higher than the beginning of the year.

By the end of 2023, there were 212,000 small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises supported by loans, with a loan rate of 46.8%, 2.1 percentage points higher than the end of last year. The balance of local and foreign currency loans of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises was 2.45 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21.9%, which was 11.8 percentage points higher than the growth rate of various loans in the same period. There were 217,500 high-tech enterprises supported by loans, and the loan rate was 54.2%, 0.8 percentage points higher than the end of last year.

China’s credit structure will continue to be optimized in 2023.

According to the report released by the People’s Bank of China, in 2023, China’s RMB loans increased by 22.75 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.31 trillion yuan year-on-year. From the structural point of view, medium and long-term loans in industry, service industry and infrastructure industry maintained a relatively high growth rate; Agriculture-related loans, green loans and technology-based loans grew rapidly. The credit structure continued to be optimized, and the efficiency of financial resource allocation continued to improve.

[China’s foreign exchange market remains active and foreign-related economy recovers steadily]

According to the latest data from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, in December 2023, China’s foreign exchange market totaled 20.54 trillion yuan. In 2023, the cumulative turnover was 252.58 trillion yuan. The foreign exchange market remained active and the market operated smoothly and orderly.

In December 2023, the import and export scale of China’s international balance of payments trade in goods and services was 4,339.1 billion yuan, up 2% year-on-year, hitting a monthly high in the year. In 2023, China achieved a trade surplus of 4,279.4 billion yuan, the second highest value in history.

[China’s energy transformation continues to deepen, and clean energy points "green" into gold]

By the end of 2023, the cumulative installed capacity of power generation in China was about 2.92 billion kilowatts.

According to the data released by the National Energy Administration, by the end of December 2023, the cumulative installed power generation capacity in China was about 2.92 billion kilowatts, up 13.9% year-on-year. Among them, the installed capacity of solar power generation is about 610 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 55.2%; The installed capacity of wind power is about 440 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 20.7%. China’s energy transformation continues to deepen.

[High-quality promotion of major regional strategies opens up a broad new space for economic development]

In 2023, the import and export of 9 cities in mainland Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was 7.95 trillion yuan.

According to the General Administration of Customs, in 2023, the import and export of nine cities in mainland Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was 7.95 trillion yuan, accounting for 19% of the total import and export value of China. Among them, the import and export proportion of high-tech products is 13.6 percentage points higher than the national average, which shows the outstanding advantages in scientific research and development and industrial innovation.

The list of major projects in 2024 was released by the Shuangcheng Economic Circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area.

The List of Major Projects for Building a Twin-city Economic Circle in Chengdu-Chongqing Region in 2024 was released on January 26th, including 300 projects in seven categories, including modern infrastructure, modern industrial system and regional collaborative innovation, with a total investment of about 3.6 trillion yuan.

[The resumption of international passenger routes further promotes the high-quality development of local economy and society]

The international passenger route from Kashgar, Xinjiang to Islamabad resumed

On the afternoon of January 27th, 144 Chinese and foreign passengers flew out of Kashi Laining International Airport on flight CZ8019. This is the first international passenger flight leaving Kashgar Airport after the suspension of Urumqi-Kashgar-Islamabad international passenger flight in 2009, after a lapse of nearly 15 years.

Kashgar Airport is an important aviation hub for the "Belt and Road" construction. With the resumption of the Urumqi-Kashgar-Islamabad international passenger route, it will further promote the high-quality development of the local economy and society. In order to fully ensure the safe and orderly resumption of passenger traffic at the port, the Kashgar Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station and the port joint inspection unit carried out all-factor process drills at high frequency, strengthened coordination and linkage with airline companies, kept abreast of flight dynamics, and made comprehensive preparations for customs clearance inspection at the port.

Xiao Zibing, Deputy Director of the Frontier Inspection Department of Kashgar Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station: After a lapse of 15 years, the resumption of this international route is of positive significance to the interconnection between Kashgar and its surrounding areas in Xinjiang. For this reason, we have further optimized the service mode, scientifically deployed the police force, and adopted specific measures such as forecasting and pre-inspection, filling in foreigners’ entry cards on board, and opening emergency passages to comprehensively improve the efficiency of customs clearance and ensure the safe, convenient, smooth and efficient customs clearance at the port.

[China’s ship technology continues to improve, and the development trend of marine equipment manufacturing industry is good]

"Snow Dragon 2" has completed the ocean survey.

On January 27th, Beijing time, China’s 40th Antarctic expedition "Snow Dragon 2" arrived in Littleton Port, New Zealand, for the transshipment of expedition members and material supply, etc. The voyage and ocean survey tasks were all completed.

The expedition team carried out a multidisciplinary comprehensive investigation on hydrological environment, atmospheric environment, sea ice environment, marine bio-ecology and marine chemistry in amundsen sea and its adjacent waters on the edge of Antarctica.

One highlight of this voyage survey is the construction of submarine buoy array in the shelf area west of Amundsen, in which 5 sets of submarine buoys were recovered and 4 sets of submarine buoys were deployed. Among them, the polar deep-water ecological submarine buoy developed by polar research institute of china is the first time for China to deploy ecological submarine buoys in polar regions.

[Continuous polishing of ecological background and effective protection of natural ecosystem]

The main stream of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River has reached Grade II water quality steadily.

The reporter learned from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment that in 2023, the whole line of the Yangtze River and the whole line of the Yellow River remained stable at Class II water quality. This is the fourth consecutive year that the Yangtze River has reached Grade II water quality, and the Yellow River has reached Grade II water quality for two consecutive years.

Heilongjiang: Lu Yu Northeast Leopard, a village courier, took a precious video.

Recently, a village postman in Dongning City, Heilongjiang Province, met a Northeast Leopard while passing through a rural road. He quickly recorded this precious moment with his mobile phone.

In the picture, a northeast leopard appeared beside the country road. When he saw a car coming, he was not in a hurry. He searched for a while and crossed the road into the forest. The video was shot by a village courier in Dongning City, Heilongjiang Province. He said that he often passed by Maying Village in Daduchuan Town, but it was the first time that he had close contact with the Northeast Leopard.

Yin Tieqiang, the courier, said that at that time, the incident was sudden and only an image of a Northeast Leopard was taken. Considering that the area haunted by the Northeast Leopard is close to the village and worried about the danger, he reflected the situation to the forestry department, and the police station in the jurisdiction immediately sent police to remind the villagers of safety.

It is understood that the area where the Northeast Leopard is found is located in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park. In recent years, the local natural ecosystem has been protected and restored as a whole through protection priority, green development and diversified co-construction, and the population of wild Northeast Tiger and Northeast Leopard has grown steadily. At present, there are 4 Siberian tigers and 12 Siberian leopards active in this area all the year round.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:Continue to pay attention to the mountain fires in America. In the past few days, under the influence of drought, strong wind and high temperature weather, mountain fires have raged in many States in the western United States. At present, California, Oregon and Washington, which are located on the west coast of the United States, are still the States with the most serious fires.

　　　　　　 San Francisco, California is one of the big cities most affected by mountain fires. At noon on the 9th local time in San Francisco, the landmark Golden Gate Bridge could have overlooked the San Francisco skyline, but now it has almost disappeared into the smoke. Although it is noon, it is already very dark, and the whole city is completely like night. Under the orange sky, you can see that the cars on the road are all lit, and the shops on both sides of the road are also brightly lit. The mountain fire lasted for many days, and local residents were also concerned about the progress of the fire. Many people stood on the street to take pictures.

　　　　　　 The total area of fire in 12 States is equivalent to the whole of New Jersey.

　　　　　　 According to the data released by the National Inter-departmental Fire Center on the 11th, at present, hundreds of large-scale mountain fires are burning in 12 states in the western United States, with an area of 18,400 square kilometers, equivalent to the whole area of New Jersey. More than 28,000 firefighters and support personnel are carrying out fire fighting operations. According to USA Today’s website, at present, mountain fires have caused at least 26 deaths, including at least 20 deaths in California, 5 deaths in Oregon and 1 death in Washington State.　　

　　　　　　 In California, there are still 24 large-scale mountain fires burning, 68,000 people have received evacuation orders and more than 3,900 buildings have been destroyed. On the 11th, California Governor gavin newsom said that the rare fire is evidence of global warming and climate change.

　　　　　　 500,000 people in Oregon received an evacuation order.

　　　　　　 In addition to California, many mountain fires in Oregon, Washington and other States are also extremely serious. The fire threatened people’s lives and a large number of people were forced to evacuate.

　　　　　　 Oregon Governor Brown said on the 11th that the state’s fire area has exceeded 4,000 square kilometers. In addition to the dead, dozens of people are still missing. It is expected that the death toll will continue to rise. At present, 500,000 people in Oregon have received evacuation orders, more than 10% of the state’s total population, and 40,000 of them have been evacuated. Oregon emergency management officials said on the 11th that they were preparing for a possible "mass death".

　　　　　　 Governor of washington Insley said on the 11th that in the past five days, the state’s fire area exceeded 2,500 square kilometers. Insley once again said that such a serious fire is not normal and is the result of climate change caused by human activities.

　　　　　　 In the three states on the west coast where the fire was the most serious, smoke covered the sky. On the 11th, in San Francisco, Seattle, Portland and other cities, air pollution caused by mountain fires was further aggravated. Public health experts advise residents to stay at home, close doors and windows, and use air purification equipment. Some experts suggest setting up "air pollution shelters" for the homeless, but some experts worry that gathering places will trigger the further spread of the COVID-19 epidemic.

　　　　　　 Three one-year-old babies were killed in a Washington state family.

　　　　　　 According to American media reports, on the 8th, a couple in Washington State tried to escape from a mountain fire with their one-year-old son. Because of the fierce fire, they abandoned their car and escaped halfway. When rescuers found them the next day, the child was dead and the couple was severely burned.

　　　　　　 Jacob Hylander and Jamie Hylander are a young couple who usually live in Renton, King County, Washington. Last weekend, Mr. and Mrs. Hylander took their one-year-old son to their house in rural Okanagan County for a holiday. Because of their remote location and no cell phone signal, they probably didn’t receive the mountain fire warning, and when they found the mountain fire coming, it was too late. The family fled by car at midnight on the 6th. On the morning of the 9th, search and rescue personnel found them on the banks of the Columbia River. At that time, both husband and wife suffered third-degree burns, and their son Yuri showed no signs of life.

　　　　　　 A similar tragedy happened in Oregon. On the 8th, in Marion County, Oregon, Wyatt tofte, a 13-year-old boy, and his grandmother Peggy Moso were also killed by the fire. Wyatt’s mother Angela was also burned all over her body and was seriously injured.

　　Recently, the information about the invasion of online courses in many places has attracted much attention.

　　According to Beijing Youth Daily, on September 5th, students of Shenyang Institute of Urban Construction, Liaoning Province were maliciously intruded by others while surfing the Internet, and swiping the screen "I love you, teacher" disturbed the classroom order. Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News reporter noticed that students in many places in China said that they had been invaded by online classes: when students were surfing the Internet through Tencent conferences, nails and other platforms, some strangers suddenly poured into the live broadcast room, some people abused teachers and students, some people played funeral music, and even distributed obscene pornographic videos.

　　Fu Jian, a lawyer of Henan Yulong Law Firm, said that in the online class, he publicly insulted others, derogated from others’ personality, and was suspected of infringing on the right of reputation, and was also suspected of violating the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment; If you distribute obscene pornographic videos, you are suspected of spreading obscene articles, and the criminal responsibility of the disseminator should be investigated according to law.

　　Who’s involved?

　　Some netizens set up QQ group to exchange "invasion experience"

　　On September 7th, the reporter used "online class explosion" and "online class invasion" as the key words, and found on several social platforms that many netizens with domestic IP addresses said that they were inexplicably invaded by strangers during online class, and the intruders interfered with the class and made many excessive things, such as opening wheat to make noise, insulting students and teachers, playing funeral music, telling obscene jokes and distributing obscene pornographic videos. Some online classes will suddenly break into 20 or 30 people, who use the names of some online hot words or famous stars as ID names and publish some unbearable remarks.

　　The reporter used "meeting" as the key word to search for groups on QQ, and immediately joined several QQ groups. The reporter found that people in QQ group often send Tencent meetings or nail the meeting number and password, and some group friends directly forward the meeting link in the group. Click on the link to see that the group name is "Meeting Room of Class Four, Grade Two" and so on.

　　One of the more active groups, the group administrator often sends such a paragraph: "You can’t provoke the teacher in the live broadcast room, you can ignore the teacher. No yellowing (pictures, videos) and no abuse. Play and play, make trouble, don’t make fun of the law. "

　　A group friend told reporters that he had been playing "online class invasion" for three days and shared his "experience" — — When you enter the online class, you don’t want to make pornographic pictures, swear, or go too far. You can play songs. If the teacher calls the police, you should leave the meeting quickly, so you don’t have to worry about being investigated by the police or being banned.

　　In these so-called intruders’ QQ groups, friends in the group will chat and exchange information about the invasion, take pictures or videos of their own invasion and send them to the group, and some people will send online class information to the group for everyone to join … … The reporter noticed that in a QQ group of this kind, a netizen named "Xiaofei" is very active. If a netizen reminds students in the group not to invade online classes in Grade Three or Grade Three, he will speak and say, "What does it matter if they can’t get into high school and college?" He said that he had dropped out of school.

　　Up to now, some QQ groups have been dissolved, and reporters have reported the remaining QQ groups one by one.

　　Online students:

　　It may be a classmate who leaked the meeting number and password.

　　Xiao An, a sophomore in Sichuan, told reporters that he was very angry because his class was also invaded on September 5. At that time, they were having a class, and suddenly two or three people came in, forced to turn on the microphone, or played music or abused teachers and students. The intruder also said that some students in the class posted the meeting number and password on the social platform, and they saw the information before entering the conference room.

　　The intruder stayed in Xiao ‘an’s class for more than 10 minutes, so the teacher had to turn off the microphones of all the staff. These people went to the chat area to insult the students. Xiao An said that the online class meeting number and password can now be searched on some social platforms, and some people leaked the information at will. In Xiao ‘an’s view, it may be students who leak information, perhaps for fun or because they don’t want to study.

　　Teacher Wu, a high school teacher in a school in Sichuan, told reporters that she knew that three colleagues had been invaded while surfing the Internet through the nail platform recently. Many intruders will burst into the classroom inexplicably, either talking nonsense or talking nonsense on the public screen. In the class of one of Mr. Wu’s colleagues, dozens of people suddenly poured into the online class meeting room, all smoking with bare arms.

　　Teacher Wu said that it is wrong for intruders to do this for whatever reason. She hopes that these meeting numbers and meeting passwords are not provided by students. In order to prevent the invasion of online classes, Ms. Wu also spent time studying how to take online classes. For example, she prefers to set permissions through Tencent meetings. But this also has disadvantages. If the host doesn’t notice that a student has entered the meeting, this person will not be able to attend the meeting in time.

　　Public security organs:

　　Attention has been paid to the phenomenon of online course intrusion.

　　The reporter noticed that the network police in Shenzhen and Tianjin have voiced through Weibo, saying that they are concerned about the invasion of online classes.

　　The media reporter also consulted the customer service of several online live broadcast platforms, and some customer service responded that "in this case, you can submit a report and feedback" and "no relevant complaints have been received at present. If the situation is true, the platform will ban the relevant accounts".

　　The reporter noted that as early as the beginning of 2020, WeChat official account, the official WeChat of the Network Security Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, had issued a document stressing the safety of online classes. It is mentioned that all kinds of educational mobile Internet applications (referred to as educational apps) are booming, but they also increase the original security risks. The online "cloud classroom" has become an important channel for the majority of primary and secondary school students to learn online during the epidemic prevention and control period. However, some online class platforms in primary and secondary schools pop up advertisements during class, and even appear illegal and harmful information such as pornographic gambling, which seriously undermines the online education and teaching order and infringes on the physical and mental health of minors.

　　The network security department of the public security organ helps the online classroom, actively cooperates with the education authorities, strengthens safety supervision according to their duties, organizes all parties to carry out safety protection, and cracks down on illegal and criminal acts according to law. The public security organs will resolutely investigate and deal with the acts of publishing and disseminating illegal and harmful information related to pornography and gambling. We will crack down on suspected criminal offences according to law, fully purify the online environment, and earnestly safeguard network security.

　　Zhao Zhanling, a lawyer of Beijing Yunjia Law Firm, said that the legal liability of the participants in the online class invasion mainly depends on their specific behaviors. If the intruder insults teachers and students, it may only constitute a civil tort and infringe on the reputation rights of teachers and students. If you play obscene articles, you may be suspected of a criminal offence. It is not illegal or criminal to disturb the classroom by talking more and playing music, but it is not suitable on the moral level.

　　Fu Jian, a lawyer of Henan Yulong Law Firm, said that in the online class, he publicly insulted others, derogated from others’ personality, and was suspected of infringing on the right of reputation, and was also suspected of violating the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment; If you distribute obscene pornographic videos, you are suspected of spreading obscene articles, and the criminal responsibility of the disseminator should be investigated according to law.

　　(The names in the text are all pseudonyms except Fu Jian and Zhao Zhanling.)

　　Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Chen Qingyuan

Author: Shen Chunlei

Ten academic papers (9 SCI and 1 new journal with high starting point) were published in 4 years, including 6 first authors and 4 co-authors. The total impact factor of SCI papers was about 93.

Liu Ying, a Ph.D. student at University of Science and Technology Beijing, has recently attracted a lot of attention due to this brilliant academic achievement.

At present, Liu Ying is studying in the Italian Institute of Technology, following Professor Liberato Manna, a big bull in chemistry and deputy editor of the internationally renowned journal Nano Letter. Liberato was ranked 24th in the ranking list of the top 100 cited chemists in the world published by Thomson Reuters from 2000 to 2010.

In March this year, Liu Ying will return to China and take part in the defense of doctoral thesis. Now he has received an offer from a key university in central China to directly hire a researcher. It can be said that Liu Ying has been ahead of her peers in the starting link of scientific research, so how did she do it?

Liu Ying is in Europe (Norway)

I would rather reread than change my major.

In September 2012, Liu Ying became a freshman at University of Science and Technology Beijing, majoring in industrial design.

When she first entered school, Liu Ying’s major courses were sketching and color, but she found that she didn’t like drawing very much. So, she came up with the idea of changing her major and put it into practice. In the first half of the freshman year, Liu Ying submitted an application to the school to transfer to the major of materials science and engineering, and finally passed the interview.

In September 2013, Liu Ying became a freshman again, majoring in materials science and engineering. Because of the great difference between the two subjects, she can only accept the price of changing her major-demotion.

However, Liu Ying is satisfied with his new major. Later facts also proved that she did the right thing in this multiple-choice question. During the undergraduate course, Liu Ying achieved excellent results and won many honors such as "People’s Scholarship" and "Three Good Students". In 2017, she obtained the qualification of insurance research in our school.

After changing majors, Liu Ying’s study is like a duck to water. In the first year of master’s degree, she applied for the qualification of master’s degree and doctoral degree.

Formal scientific research work has just begun. Liu Ying studied under Xia Zhiguo, a professor from the Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, mainly engaged in the synthesis and luminescent properties of inorganic perovskite nanocrystals.

She was shocked when she first saw with the naked eye that the synthesized nanocrystals showed bright green light. "The luminous efficiency of general materials is not so high."

Later, as the research on perovskite continued to heat up, Liu Ying began to carry out research on related luminescence fields around perovskite materials. In 2018, as co-first author, Liu Ying published an article entitled "Synergistic Preparation of High Stability/High Efficiency Perovskite Nanocrystals by Water Post-treatment Strategy" in Chemistry of Materials.

This is the first research paper related to perovskite published by Liu Ying. In 2018, Liu Ying published two papers as the first author and one as a co-author.

Two articles a year, writing quickly and correcting slowly is the trick.

From 2019 to 2021, Liu Ying published two papers every year.

Among them, Liu Ying’s most satisfactory paper was published in Angewante Chemie International Edition in 2020, which proposed a design idea of rare earth-doped lead-free perovskite nanocrystals, expanding its luminescent application.

Write quickly and change slowly, which is the paper writing skill summarized by Liu Ying. This article took about two weeks from the beginning of writing to the completion of the first draft, and it took about three to four weeks for the tutor to guide the revision of the paper. From the preliminary preparation to the final publication, it took about a year.

Liu Ying is very grateful to his tutor Xia Zhiguo and his research group. The tutor is very strict about the progress of scientific research, and the members of the research group need to submit weekly reports to the tutor to report their own experiments and work progress. The tutor asked the students to be good at finding and summarizing problems while ensuring the experimental time.

"A large number of experiments have accumulated to build a reasonable scientific framework for the paper, and then select appropriate journals to contribute according to the research field." In Liu Ying’s eyes, it is not difficult to send papers. Her tutor has always stressed that don’t send papers for the sake of sending papers, do more experiments, think and summarize more. In such an atmosphere, the quality and quantity of papers will not be bad.

"We are studying luminescent materials, and there are many scientific problems to be further discussed." Xia Zhiguo believes that publishing a paper is like selling your own research results, and only good results can get big sales.

He also asked students to go out more, participate in academic exchanges and integrate into the academic community as soon as possible. For example, Liu Ying’s article "Preparation of Perovskite Nanocrystals with High Stability/High Efficiency by Water Post-treatment Strategy" mentioned above was presented as an excellent poster paper at the Seventh National Academic Conference on Luminescence Properties of Doped Nanomaterials.

So, why did Liu Ying choose to study in Italy? It turns out that Liu Ying had previously cooperated with Liberato, and the research of Liberato’s research group is in line with her research on lead-free perovskite nanocrystals in China. So, she contacted Liberato, received an invitation letter, and later applied for a scholarship from the China government.

In February, 2021, Liu Ying officially went to Italy and began his one-year study and life.

I won’t stay in Beijing after graduation, but I will continue to do scientific research.

In China, Liu Ying will arrive at the laboratory before 8 am on weekdays, start work and leave the laboratory at 22 pm; In Italy, according to the working schedule of the research group, Liu Ying’s daily working hours were shortened by four hours. In her words, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do. If it is too early or too late, there will be no bus."

Compared with the pace of work and life in China, Liu Ying obviously felt much slower in this year. In a strange country and a brand-new environment, there will be some problems and many maladjustments. In the experiment, from synthesis to testing and calculation, the progress of each stage is very slow. What Liu Ying can do is to learn how to make rational use of time and plan his study life while slowly adapting.

Liu Ying is doing experiments in an Italian laboratory.

Talking about work and experiments, Liu Ying can always explain; When it comes to achievements and life, Liu Ying is a little shy.

Although Liu Ying rushed very hard in the initial stage of scientific research, she ran on the next way, hoping to advance at a constant speed. "I shouldn’t stay in Beijing after graduation. The work and life here are a little stressful for me." Liu Ying, who is about to return to China, is ready for her graduation. "I will settle in a second-tier city and continue my research in colleges and universities."

"I respect and firmly believe that my students’ choices are correct." As the tutor Xia Zhiguo said, "I hope students can continue to do scientific research and do what they like."

Related paper information:

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b03330

https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202004562

The 12-inch MacBook was an unexpected surprise at Apple’s spring conference. Many people are already eager to move, and they can’t wait to get rid of the MacBook Air at hand. Let’s first follow the foreign media to see how the new 12-inch MacBook performs.

The overall body of the 12-inch MacBook still adopts the classic wedge design on the Air, but the transition of the body is smoother. The thickest part is 13.1 mm and the weight is only 920 grams. From the data alone, it is difficult for us to intuitively feel how thin this product will be. The Verge reporter said after getting started that the 12-inch MacBook is much thinner than you think, and after the screen is turned on, the overall body will feel lighter.

In order to match the size of the whole machine, Apple redesigned the motherboard. The onboard memory jumped from 8GB, and the hard disk space was 256GB and 512GB. The workmanship of the whole machine is apple’s consistent standard, with a solid body and a solid feel.

However, there are two obvious changes in appearance besides thinness. One is that the Apple logo on the top of the fuselage is no longer the previous hollow light-transmitting design, but adopts a design similar to that on the iPhone and iPad. The second is that the 12-inch MacBook uses the same three colors as the iPhone, namely silver, gold and deep gray.

The redesigned keyboard adopts butterfly structure, the area of key cap is increased, the key spacing is shortened, but the key stroke is also shorter:

When typing on this keyboard, you will wonder if you are really typing. The overall input experience is similar to typing on a touch screen.

However, ArsTechnica’s evaluation of the keyboard is more conservative, thinking that as a writer who often deals with the keyboard, he has a strong subjective judgment on the keyboard. However, from the design point of view, the keyboard of the 12-inch MacBook seems to have a certain gap with the previous Mac products, but it does not rule out that after several days of use, the newly designed keyboard may change many people’s preconceived judgments.

For Apple’s newly designed Force Touch function, ArsTechnica said after getting started:

After pressing the touchpad, the built-in pressure feedback device will give a slight vibration. At the same time, the strength and sensitivity of feedback can be set in the system. This makes it very close to the traditional touch pad, and the only difference is that Force Touch can simulate the touch of pressing at any position on the touch pad.

In addition to the 3.5mm headphone jack on the right side of the fuselage, the USB-C interface on the left side has almost become the only outlet for data transmission inside and outside the 12-inch MacBook, which supports HDMI, VGA and Mini DisplayPort video output, and even shoulders the power supply for the notebook itself.

Paranoia, like Apple, will be so radical to adopt a single interface design. As mentioned in the previous 12-inch MacBook review article, such an advanced design requires a keen sense of smell and sufficient courage for new technologies, which is also in line with Apple’s consistent style. Previously, it was the first in the industry to abandon floppy drives, optical drives and mechanical hard disks.

Considering the need of fuselage expansion, Apple officially provided a multi-purpose adapter with a price of $79, which supports HDMI, standard USB and USB-C, and USB-C connects standard USB wires. What is certain is that in the future, Apple or third-party peripheral manufacturers will provide more types of patch cords.

Core M processors have appeared in many PC products. The 12-inch MacBook is also equipped with a 14nm Broadwell architecture Core M processor, which has two models, namely 1.1GHz (2.4GHz Turbo) Core M-5Y31 and 1.2GHz (2.9GHz Turbo) Core M-5Y71. According to ArsTechnica’s calculation, the performance of Core M is equivalent to that of Core i5 and i7 installed on MacBook Air in 2012. The biggest advantage of Core M lies in its excellent power control, with the highest power consumption of only 5W.

The 12-inch MacBook is equipped with a display screen with a resolution of 2304×1440, which is about 226ppi. Many people may have concerns about Core M driving such a high-resolution screen. ArsTechnica gives a comparison:

The GPU driving the first generation of 13-inch Retina MacBook Pro is the HD 4000 built in Ivy Bridge, while the HD 5300 graphics card is used on the 12-inch MacBook. It is not a problem to drive the screen with 2304×1440 resolution with its performance. There was no delay in the on-site demo, and the system animation effect of OS X was also very smooth.

Engadget also talked about the possible performance problems of the 12-inch MacBook when he started this new product, and thought that there were many good choices for Windows products at similar price points, such as the latest Dell XPS 13. The starting price of the 12-inch MacBook is 9288 RMB. Apple China official website has not given a clear delivery time yet, and the global delivery time is April 10th.

　

　

The pictures and illustrations are from The Verge.

　　At 18: 00 on March 16, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue blue rainstorm warning and strong convection warning, and issued blue blizzard warning, prompting the affected areas to continue to pay attention to early warning information, prevent disasters that may be caused by local heavy rainfall and strong convection, and do a good job of prevention.

　　The blue rainstorm warning shows that it is expected that there will be heavy rain in southern Henan, central and eastern Hubei, most of Anhui, most of Jiangsu, northwestern Zhejiang, northern and central Shanghai, northwestern Jiangxi, northern and southern Hunan, northeastern Yunnan and other places from 20: 00 on March 16th to 20: 00 on March 17th. Among them, there will be heavy rain in parts of southeastern Henan, central and southern Anhui and central and southern Jiangsu, and there will be heavy rain in southern Anhui (100-120 mm).

　　National forecast map of heavy rainfall area

　　Micro-science of meteorological disaster prevention

　　The blue warning of strong convection shows that from 20: 00 on March 16 to 20: 00 on March 17, there will be 8-10 thunderstorms or hail weather in parts of central and southern Anhui, central Jiangsu, eastern and southern Hubei, central and northern Hunan, northwestern Jiangxi, southern Sichuan, central and southern Guizhou, eastern Yunnan and northeastern Guangxi. There will be short-term heavy rainfall in parts of southern Henan, central and southern Anhui, central and southern Jiangsu, northern and eastern Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, western Zhejiang, western and northern Fujian, southeastern Sichuan Basin, southeastern and central Guizhou, northeastern Yunnan and northeastern Guangxi, with an hourly rainfall of 20-50 mm and a local area of more than 60 mm. It is estimated that the main impact period of strong convection is the night of 16th.

　　National forecast map of thunderstorm, gale or hail falling area

　What should I do if a strong convection comes?

　　The blue warning of blizzard showed that there was heavy snow (10 ~ 18 mm) in parts of south-central Inner Mongolia, northwestern Shanxi, northwestern Hebei and mountainous areas in northwestern Beijing from 20: 00 on March 16th to 20: 00 on March 17th. The depth of newly added snow in the above areas is 3 ~ 8 cm, and the local area can exceed 15 cm.

Forecast map of heavy snowfall in China

　　One of popular science reading:

　　How is the meteorological early warning information released?

　　Practice shows that early warning before disasters occur is the key to build the first line of defense for disaster prevention and mitigation. Early warning is not issued at will, it has experienced a life "four-part" of gestation, birth, spread and dissolution.

　　Pregnancy: data collection and analysis "brainstorming"

　　In order to find weather phenomena that may lead to disasters earlier, meteorologists monitor wind (wind, direction), temperature (air temperature, ground temperature, sea temperature), air pressure, humidity, visibility, rainfall (snow), lightning, clouds and many other meteorological elements around the clock.

　　All kinds of meteorological observation data collected are transmitted to the weather forecaster’s work platform and "fed" to the supercomputer. After calculation, a numerical value about the possibility of a meteorological disaster is obtained; According to the calculation results and all-round stereoscopic observation data, the weatherman analyzes weather charts and numerical forecast products at home and abroad, studies various types of weather charts, analyzes and judges the data obtained by various means such as meteorological satellites and radar detection data, and diagnoses the weather evolution; Compare the predicted value with the standard critical value of early warning level set in advance through research, and start issuing the corresponding type and level of meteorological warning when it meets the conditions.

　　At present, there are 14 kinds of meteorological disaster early warning in China, which correspond to blue, yellow, orange and red warning levels according to the development trend, urgency and harm degree of meteorological disasters.

　　Taking rainstorm as an example, issuing a blue rainstorm warning means that the precipitation will reach more than 50 mm in the next 12 hours, or it has reached more than 50 mm and the rainfall may continue; Issuing a red rainstorm warning means that the precipitation will reach more than 100 mm in the next three hours, or it has reached more than 100 mm and the rainfall may continue.

　　It should be noted that due to different regions, the impact of rainstorm warning at the same level will be different. For example, if 100 mm of rain falls in the rainy coastal areas of South China within 12 hours, the impact will of course be different compared with that in the less rainy northwest. Early warning signals shall be subject to those issued by the local meteorological department.　　

　　What do you think of rainstorm warning

　　Birth: the first authoritative voice

　　Every meteorological early warning information "released" must take a "only way", that is, the national early warning information release system.

　　As a part of the national emergency command platform system, the national emergency early warning information release system has set up four levels of early warning information release centers at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels. The public coverage of early warning has reached 87.3%, and the time limit for early warning release has reached 3 to 8 minutes. It can be targeted and sent to the disaster prevention responsible persons in the affected areas within 1 minute, and emergency response can be carried out quickly, making early warning signals truly the first line of defense for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　Communication: Multi-channel timely response release

　　In order to improve the coverage of early warning information release as much as possible and realize rapid and accurate early warning information release, meteorological offices and stations affiliated to competent meteorological departments at all levels need to release early warning signals through various channels in time, indicate the areas for early warning of meteorological disasters, and notify the people’s governments at the corresponding levels, their relevant departments and disaster prevention and mitigation institutions.

　　Local people’s governments at all levels and their relevant departments should make a good connection plan after receiving the early warning signals provided by local meteorological stations, such as how the public security traffic police department manages road traffic and how the subway can prevent and deal with stagnant water. In addition, it should be widely disseminated to the public in a timely manner, and early warning signals should be disseminated in a timely manner through television, websites, mobile phones and other media, and the names of meteorological stations and stations that issued early warning signals and the release time should be marked.

　　From the "release" of meteorological early warning information to the affected people, the time left for people to take disaster prevention and avoidance measures is often only a few hours or even dozens of minutes. In this limited and precious time, whether the "last mile" of meteorological early warning information goes smoothly is directly related to the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation.　　　

　　Release: Return to the Whole Chain Management of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

　　After the release of meteorological early warning information, the weatherman should pay close attention to the development of disastrous weather, continuously observe the data that affect the early warning, and adjust the level of early warning in time. A blue warning may be upgraded to orange or red warning with the passage of time and the change of magnitude. When the disastrous weather process is over, the early warning cancellation message will be released, and the mission of early warning will be completed.

　　The second part of popular science reading:

　　What do you think of "blue, yellow, orange and red"?

　　In our daily life, we can often see meteorological disaster warning signals with different colors on our mobile phones and TV, and everyone is familiar with them. But when you think about it carefully, it doesn’t seem clear about the level of meteorological disasters, the impact and its defense methods represented by each color. Then, what should people do when they see the warning signal issued by the meteorological department?

　　look

　　At present, China has popularized a set of comprehensive methods for the release and dissemination of meteorological disaster warning signals, which consists of names, icons, standards and defense guidelines, and is divided into typhoon, rainstorm, blizzard, cold wave, gale, dust, high temperature, drought, lightning, hail, frost, fog, haze, road icing and so on. Warning signals of different colors indicate different levels. Generally speaking, there are four colors: blue, yellow, orange and red, which respectively correspond to the degree of harm, urgency and development trend that meteorological disasters may cause, and are Grade IV (general), Grade III (heavier), Grade II (serious) and Grade I (particularly serious).

　　Dichotomy

　　From blue, yellow to orange and red, the same kind of meteorological disaster warning signal has different levels, and the corresponding defense measures are also different. When the meteorological disaster warning signal is issued, the public should pay attention to the weather changes in time and make reasonable arrangements for travel. It should be noted that the categories and levels of meteorological disaster warning signals vary from place to place. For example, some areas will be affected by typhoons, while others will not. Some of the same categories are three-level "yellow orange red" and some are four-level "blue yellow orange red". This is because China’s geographical scope is vast, and the types and ranges affected by meteorological disasters vary from place to place. According to the characteristics of local meteorological disasters, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) can choose or add specified types of early warning signals and set different signal standards. But the same thing is that the higher the warning signal level of meteorological disasters, the more attention the public should pay.

　　Three actions

　　Generally speaking, we should pay attention to travel arrangements when we see the lowest warning signal. For example, when the blue rainstorm warning signal of the lowest level is issued, people should carefully consider the plans of traveling, going out for an outing or going to low-lying areas, and pay attention to the weather changes at any time. With the improvement of meteorological disaster warning signal level, people should make corresponding precautions, and must not "turn a blind eye" or "listen without hearing".

　　At the same time, we can refer to the Measures for the Release and Dissemination of Meteorological Disaster Early Warning Signals to further understand the meteorological disaster early warning signals and related preventive measures, and understand the meteorological disaster early warning signals through the official website of China Meteorological Bureau, Central Meteorological Observatory Network, China Weather Network and other channels. Schools, airports, ports, stations, highways, tourist attractions and other public places will also set up or use electronic display screens and other facilities to spread meteorological disaster warning signals.

　　In normal times, as long as we pay more attention to the weather and understand the meaning behind the warning signals of meteorological disasters, and don’t "underestimate the enemy" at critical moments, our awareness of prevention will be improved accordingly, and the effect of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation will be greatly improved.

　　(Editor: Liu Shuqiao)

　　At noon on June 5th, 2020, chengdu research base of giant panda (hereinafter referred to as Panda Base) giant pandas "Yuanrun" and "Ellie" each gave birth to a female panda cub. The two cubs are very healthy and energetic, and they can both eat breast milk independently.

　　At 12: 32 noon, under the care of experts and breeders, the giant panda "Yuanrun" successfully gave birth to a female panda cub, with a birth weight of 172.6 grams and a very healthy body. "Yuanrun", who was upgraded to a mother, showed strong motherhood and quickly held her cub in her arms after birth.

　　At 13: 06 on the same day, the giant panda "Ellie" also successfully gave birth to a female panda cub, and the cub’s birth weight reached 219 grams, which was a "little fat man". After the cub was born, the mother "Ellie" immediately held it in her arms.

　　Experts from the Panda Base said: At present, the two giant panda babies and their mothers are in good health, and the breast milk supply is also very adequate. Among them, Ellie’s baby is the heaviest newborn panda cub since the panda base was recorded, reaching 219 grams, which is very energetic. She ate 6 grams of breast milk at birth, much higher than the average newborn panda baby’s food intake. (CCTV reporter Chen Kai)

　　CCTV News:As of today (December 28th), the West-to-East Gas Pipeline Project, with a total investment of more than 400 billion yuan and continuous construction for 20 years, has become one of the largest natural gas pipeline systems in the world. Let’s review the development history of engineering in this century.

　　In February, 2000, the country started the West-to-East Gas Transmission Project, which was regarded as a landmark project for the development of western China.

　　On July 4, 2002, the West-to-East Gas Pipeline Project started. On December 30, 2004, the first line of west-to-east gas transmission was put into commercial operation. The first line of west-to-east gas transmission takes Tarim gas field in Xinjiang as the main gas source and the Yangtze River Delta as the main target market.

　　With the increasing demand for natural gas clean energy in the downstream market, the west-to-east gas transmission project was started in March 2005, and the gas transmission capacity was increased by more than 40%. In 2007, the Second West-to-East Gas Pipeline Project was officially launched, and it was put into operation in 2011, transporting natural gas from the Central Asian natural gas pipeline to the central and southern parts of China and the Pearl River Delta region.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of the West-East Gas Pipeline has been further accelerated. In 2012, the Third West-East Gas Pipeline Project started construction, and fully realized the autonomy of engineering technology and the localization of technical equipment. After completion, it was connected with the original first and second lines, realizing the leap-forward development from pipeline gas transmission to pipeline network gas transmission.

　　This year, the middle section of the third line of west-to-east gas transmission started construction. The annual gas transmission capacity of the west-to-east gas pipeline system has exceeded 100 billion cubic meters, a record high. China has formed a new pattern of "one national network" of natural gas that spans east and west, runs through north and south, and connects overseas.