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　　Cctv news: Pay attention to the latest change in civil aviation. From January 1st next year (2019), China Southern Airlines will withdraw from SkyTeam. Many people who often fly want to know whether the points are still valid after quitting the league. Can I still use the package I bought? What will happen to flying in the future?

　　According to the staff of China Southern Airlines, China Southern Airlines withdrew from SkyTeam on January 1, 2019. 2019 is a transition period, and passengers can still enjoy the same services of the alliance. Passengers who purchase tickets from China Southern Airlines and travel before or including December 31, 2019 can enjoy the same services as SkyTeam, such as redemption of points and lounge service. Passengers who have purchased SkyTeam package tickets and China Southern Airlines tickets sold by SkyTeam member companies still enjoy the same transit service, lounge service and frequent flyer miles service. During the transition period, China Southern will no longer sell SkyTeam package products.

Wu Guoxiang, General Manager of China Southern Airlines International Cooperation Department

　　Wu Guoxiang, General Manager of China Southern Airlines International Cooperation DepartmentWe are also negotiating bilateral cooperation with more airlines around the world. In the future, passengers of China Southern Airlines can not only enjoy the service resources of the alliance, but also enjoy the effective connection between such service resources and flights of other airlines in other alliances.

　　News background: What is an aviation alliance?

　　Many passengers may not know, what is an airline alliance? How does the airline joining different alliances affect our passengers’ flight travel?

　　An airline alliance is a cooperation agreement between two or more airlines. At present, the three largest aviation alliances in the world are Star Alliance, SkyTeam and OneWorld.

　　For airlines, the alliance can provide a larger aviation network for a single airline, share maintenance facilities, operating equipment and staff, and support ground handling and empty kitchen operations to reduce costs.

　　For passengers, as long as they become VIP customers of any member in an aviation alliance, they can get the corresponding rights of other member airlines in the alliance and enjoy membership treatment in points exchange, VIP room use, priority boarding, upgrade service, transit and luggage.

　　Professor Zou Jianjun of China Civil Aviation Management Cadre CollegeFor ordinary people, it means that I can go to those places and how many flights I can choose in a day. Now their alliance or deep cooperation is actually providing us with this convenience. Simply put, it is accessibility, which has been greatly improved.

　　It is more convenient for domestic and foreign airlines to cooperate with passengers to take the flight.

　　In recent years, China’s aviation network has been expanding, and the cooperation between domestic airlines and foreign airlines has been deepening. After China Southern withdraws from SkyTeam, it will strengthen cooperation with American airlines. So what changes will the in-depth cooperation between domestic and foreign airlines bring to passengers traveling by air?

　　From 2019, China Southern will cooperate with American Airlines to expand code sharing. After in-depth cooperation between domestic and foreign airlines, first of all, in terms of ticket purchase, passengers can choose more cross-border flights.

　　Wu Guoxiang, General Manager of China Southern Airlines International Cooperation DepartmentAfter the implementation of the sharing and cooperation agreement, it has extended to 21 cities in the United States through the hub of American Airlines. We have 64 flights between China and the United States every day by China Southern Airlines and American Airlines.

　　When flying, domestic and foreign airlines will cooperate to achieve "one vote to the end" for cross-border flights. Take Guangzhou to Washington as an example. Before cooperation, passengers need to buy tickets for two trips from Guangzhou to new york and new york to Washington, and go through check-in and baggage check-in procedures twice. After the cooperation, the check-in procedures during transit will be omitted, and at the same time, the membership mileage and lounge of the two airlines will be shared.

　　Professor Zou Jianjun of China Civil Aviation Management Cadre CollegeThis kind of cooperation between overseas airlines and domestic airlines will make it more and more convenient for us people to enter and leave the country, which means that we will have more and more redundancy.

　　Hubei Daily News (Reporter Huang Junhua, arel) On April 2, Wang Menghui, secretary of the provincial party committee, and Wang Zhonglin, deputy secretary of the provincial party committee and governor, went to the provincial epidemic prevention and control headquarters and Wuhan City to visit the staff, community volunteers and public security police who fought in the front line of epidemic prevention and control, and to investigate and supervise the epidemic prevention and control work. Wang Menghui stressed that it is necessary to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on epidemic prevention and control at the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee meeting, adhere to the general strategy of "external defense input and internal defense rebound", adhere to the general policy of "dynamic zero clearing", pay close attention to all aspects of epidemic prevention and control, and continuously consolidate and expand the decisive achievements of epidemic prevention and control. We must persist in striving for progress while maintaining stability, better coordinate epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on economic and social development.

　　At the provincial epidemic prevention and control headquarters, the provincial leaders listened to the current epidemic situation analysis and the report on the epidemic prevention and control work. Wang Menghui pointed out that it is necessary to keep in mind the important instruction of the Supreme Leader General Secretary that "persistence is victory", always tighten the string of epidemic prevention and control, strengthen confidence, persevere, and grasp all prevention and control measures strictly. The epidemic prevention and control command system at all levels in the province should be kept active, and the working mechanism should be continuously improved to ensure efficient and sensitive operation. It is necessary to compact the "four-party responsibility", resolutely and effectively handle the local imported epidemic, and resolutely hold the bottom line that there will be no large-scale rebound of the epidemic. It is necessary to continue to promote vaccination and further improve the vaccination rate of "one old and one small". With the coming of holidays in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the mobility of people is increasing. It is necessary to make scientific judgments, make good plans, improve the level of scientific and accurate prevention and control, and constantly optimize the measures for epidemic prevention and control, so as to make the prevention and control work more targeted.

　　Subsequently, the provincial leaders came to the East Lake New Town Community to inspect the entrance and exit of the community, learn more about the prevention and control of the normalized epidemic situation in the community, volunteer service, etc., and relive the enthusiasm of the Supreme Leader General Secretary when he visited the East Lake New Town Community in March 2020. Wang Menghui said that the decisive achievements in the Hubei and Wuhan defense wars for epidemic prevention and control are fundamentally due to the wise command and steering of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the strong leadership and scientific response of the CPC Central Committee, the strong support of the people of the whole country and all sectors, and the joint efforts of the heroic Hubei and Wuhan people, which fully demonstrates the strong vitality and remarkable superiority of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. We should always bear in mind the earnest entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, adhere to the people first and life first, vigorously carry forward the great anti-epidemic spirit, speed up the construction of a grass-roots social governance pattern led by party building, give play to the main role of the masses, and jointly guard the important barrier of community prevention and control.

　　Fuhe Expressway Bayou is an important passage to Han. Provincial leaders came to the quarantine inspection point at the bayonet, carefully inspected the registration area, inspection area and observation area, learned more about the inspection of health code and travel code, nucleic acid registration and sampling process, and listened to the introduction of the "landing inspection" at the bayonet. Wang Menghui stressed that it is necessary to strictly implement the landing inspection at important checkpoints, implement export inspection measures such as highways, airports and railway stations, do a good job in information registration, transshipment isolation and nucleic acid detection for those who come to and return from Hubei in high-risk areas in China, and resolutely put all measures for external defense and import into place. It is necessary to scientifically guide the traffic flow and ensure the smooth and orderly traffic.

　　Located at Jinqiao Avenue in Jiang ‘an District, the centralized isolation point is mainly used for the centralized isolation of people coming to and returning from Han in medium and high-risk areas in China. Provincial leaders came outside the isolation point to see the operation management and service guarantee of the isolation point by video. Wang Menghui pointed out that the current situation of epidemic prevention and control is still severe and complicated, and the task of standardized management and risk management and control in isolated places is arduous, and we must not relax for an instant. It is necessary to strictly implement the closed-loop management measures of isolation points, strengthen daily disinfection, body temperature monitoring and nucleic acid detection, and prevent cross-infection and risk spillover. It is necessary to adhere to the prevention of people, things and the environment, do a good job in prevention and control of key places such as isolation points, schools, hospitals, nursing homes and prisons, and build a "firewall" and a dense prevention and control network.

　　Wuhan Traffic Control Center is jointly established by the municipal public security, health care, disease control and other departments. Provincial leaders came here to listen to the introduction of flow investigation, organization system and closed-loop management. Wang Menghui pointed out that epidemic control is the basic work of epidemic prevention and control, and it is the key to cut off the epidemic transmission chain. It is necessary to conscientiously sum up the practical experience of the flow adjustment work, strengthen the monitoring and early warning of high-risk posts and key areas, and put the work ahead. In the event of an epidemic, the work of tracing the source, investigation and control, isolation and treatment should be started quickly to minimize the risk of epidemic spread and achieve the maximum prevention and control effect with the least cost.

　　Provincial leaders Guo Yuanqiang, Dong Weimin, Zhao Haishan, Yang Yunyan and Xu Wenhai participated in relevant activities respectively.

　　According to the website of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission on October 9th, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students, proposing to establish and improve the grading early warning and intervention mechanism for students’ psychological crisis. For students with psychological problems found in their daily work and psychological assessment, the school should organize relevant professionals inside and outside the school to make judgments, work with parents to formulate targeted intervention plans, make timely adjustments, and dynamically track the effectiveness of intervention. When students have serious psychological crisis, such as suicide, self-injury, wounding and destroying things, the school promptly assists parents to send them to the hospital for medical treatment. Each school in primary and secondary schools should be equipped with at least one full-time mental health education teacher. Schools with more than 500 students, schools run by groups, and schools run by multiple schools should appropriately increase the number of psychological teachers.

　　The full text is as follows:

　　Notice of Beijing Municipal Education Commission on Strengthening the Management of Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students

　　In order to implement the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening the Management of Students’ Mental Health (No.10 [2021] of the Department of Education and Political Affairs), promote the construction of a trinity mental health education system of "school, family and society", effectively strengthen professional support and scientific management, further improve the pertinence and effectiveness of students’ mental health work, focus on improving students’ mental health literacy, and enhance their ability to control their emotions, cope with setbacks and adapt to the environment, we hereby notify the relevant requirements.

　　First, strengthen the source management, and comprehensively improve students’ mental health literacy.

　　1. Strengthen the construction of mental health courses. Schools should play the role of the main channel of classroom teaching, help students master mental health knowledge and skills, and establish a sense of self-help, mutual assistance and help. According to the requirements of full grade coverage, mental health education is carried out in the form of mental health education activity classes, class team meetings, group counseling, psychological training, special education activities, special lectures, etc., and mental health education classes are included in the school-based curriculum. Strengthen mental health education at important time points such as freshmen’s entrance, graduation, and before and after mid-term and final exams. In strict accordance with the Outline of Mental Health Education for Primary and Secondary Schools in Beijing (Revised), the contents of mental health education are implemented, and at the same time, various forms of life education and frustration education are arranged to guide students to learn to face setbacks and difficulties rationally.

　　2. Vigorously cultivate students’ positive psychological quality. Adhere to the unity of mental health education and ideological and moral education, guide students to establish lofty ideals, cultivate feelings of home and country, inherit the spirit of struggle, and cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude towards life and perseverance. Give full play to the important role of physical education, aesthetic education, labor education and campus culture, and promote the healthy development of students’ psychology in all directions. Strictly implement the rigid requirements of physical education class and aesthetic education, actively promote Chinese traditional sports, extensively carry out popular sports and rich artistic practice activities, systematically strengthen labor education in combination with the characteristics of each school segment, and attract students to actively participate in various healthy and progressive campus cultural life and student club activities. Through publicity window, corridor display board, electronic screen, class blackboard newspaper, etc., we will carry out popular science propaganda on mental health, effectively cultivate students’ psychological quality of cherishing and loving life, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.

　　3. Classify and channel various pressures as early as possible. Adhere to the combination of development-oriented and preventive intervention, and take active measures to avoid psychological crisis caused by stress that cannot be alleviated in view of the psychological imbalance that students may encounter in study, life, interpersonal relationship and self-awareness. Pay attention to caring for and helping students who encounter difficulties in learning and have poor academic performance. Teachers should give individual guidance in time, encourage peer assistance among students, and help students relieve psychological pressure and boost their learning confidence. Pay timely attention to students with financial difficulties, students from single-parent families, students with physical disabilities or serious health problems, left-behind children and migrant children, care about students’ lives, and foresee and effectively solve students’ psychological problems. Timely understand the difficulties and problems that students encounter in interpersonal communication and collective life, and carry out targeted individual conversations and group counseling to help students establish a correct outlook on life and values.

　　4. Strengthen the joint efforts of schools, families and social education. Adhere to the school-led and multi-party cooperation to promote. The school timely understands whether students have early psychological trauma, major family changes, and tense parent-child relationship, and actively seeks effective support from students’ family members and related personnel. Through parents’ school, home visits and other forms, help parents understand the psychological characteristics and laws of their children’s age, guide parents to pay scientific attention to and care for students’ mental health, create a good family atmosphere, improve their awareness and ability to identify and deal with children’s psychological problems, and prevent children’s psychological problems from being caused by family conflicts or improper education methods. Make full use of radio, television, online media and other platforms and channels to spread mental health knowledge and actively create a social environment conducive to the healthy growth of students.

　　Two, strengthen the process management, improve the ability of early detection and the level of daily counseling.

　　5. Do a good job in mental health assessment. Actively rely on professional strength and means, regularly carry out students’ mental health assessment, improve the screening and early warning mechanism, and implement accurate intervention as soon as possible. District education committees should set up or rely on relevant professional institutions to take the lead in organizing primary and secondary schools in the region to carry out mental health assessment, conduct a mental health assessment for senior primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools every year, establish and enrich students’ mental health database, guide schools to scientifically use the results of students’ mental health assessment, and promote the establishment of "one life, one policy" psychological growth files. For students with obvious psychological problems, we should strengthen the construction and management of students’ psychological files.

　　6. Strengthen daily early warning and prevention. Schools should establish "classes — Grade — The school’s three-level early warning information reporting mechanism ensures that students’ psychological crisis can be warned, reported and handled in time. In-depth promotion of on-the-spot home visits, at least once a semester for students who need to pay attention to life difficulties, learning difficulties or mental health problems. When students are found to have major changes in their thinking, great fluctuations in their studies, major changes, major setbacks and obvious anomalies, they should conduct home visits in time and record the communication between home and school in students’ psychological files. Mental health teachers and class teachers should communicate closely with parents to strengthen psychological counseling and help children tide over the difficulties. Students with extreme behavioral tendencies should be given timely intervention and help.

　　7. Strengthen psychological counseling services. Establish a three-level psychological counseling service platform for cities, districts and schools. We will build and make good use of the online psychological counseling service platform for teachers and students of Beijing Digital Moral Education Network for primary and secondary schools and the 12355 youth psychological counseling service hotline. The District Education Commission should establish a district-level psychological counseling center for primary and secondary school students, provide immediate psychological counseling for primary and secondary school students in the whole district after class, on weekends and holidays, and provide a 24-hour message platform for psychological problems through websites, WeChat WeChat official account and other channels to answer students’ psychological puzzles in time. All schools should improve the system of duty and appointment for psychological counseling, and meet the needs of students for counseling and help through interviews and telephone calls. Intensify publicity to improve the awareness rate of parents of teachers and students on psychological counseling channels in cities, districts and schools.

　　Third, strengthen the management of results and improve the ability of psychological crisis intervention and disposal.

　　8. Vigorously build a cooperative intervention mechanism between home and school. Establish and improve the grading early warning and intervention mechanism for students’ psychological crisis. For students with psychological problems found in daily work and psychological evaluation, the school should organize relevant professionals inside and outside the school to make judgments, work with parents to formulate targeted intervention plans, make timely adjustments, and dynamically track the effectiveness of intervention. When students have serious psychological crisis, such as suicide, self-injury, wounding and destroying things, the school promptly assists parents to send them to the hospital for medical treatment.

　　9. Actively seek cooperation and support from professional institutions. District education committees and schools should strengthen coordination with health departments, establish a support and cooperation mechanism for mental health education and psychological crisis intervention in schools by mental health medical institutions, and provide professional psychological counseling or psychotherapy for primary and secondary schools. For students with serious psychological crisis beyond the ability of school counseling and intervention, the school should assist parents and refer them to professional institutions for diagnosis and treatment in time.

　　10. Do a good job in the aftermath of student emergencies. After a student has an accident at school due to psychological problems, the school should immediately start the emergency work plan, contact the parents of the students at the first time, and verify the situation and deal with it in time under the guidance of the District Education Commission and the public security departments. In response to possible social concerns, schools should respond in a timely manner in accordance with the principle of openness and transparency, and strive for the support of online information, public security and other departments to do a good job together.

　　Fourth, strengthen security management and increase comprehensive support.

　　11. Complete and build a strong backbone team. Each school in primary and secondary schools is equipped with at least one full-time mental health education teacher. On the basis of ensuring the number of full-time psychological teachers, part-time psychological teachers can be equipped according to the actual situation and work needs. Schools with more than 500 students, schools run by groups and schools run by one school with multiple addresses should appropriately increase the allocation of psychological teachers. In principle, full-time psychological teachers should have a bachelor degree or above in psychology or related majors, and part-time psychological teachers must undergo professional training or have professional qualifications for mental health education. To improve the supporting ability of head teachers’ mental health education, primary and secondary schools should focus on mental health education as a compulsory content in pre-job training, professional training and daily training for head teachers and teachers of various disciplines. All faculty and staff of the school should establish the consciousness of paying attention to students’ mental health, and inform the class teacher and psychological teacher in time if they find that students have abnormal psychology or behavior.

　　12 to strengthen the construction of mental health education research team. Build a full-time and part-time teaching and research team of mental health education at the municipal level, establish and improve the regular supervision mechanism of mental health education in primary and secondary schools, adhere to and improve the exchange mechanism of research results of mental health education, promote the construction of characteristic schools of mental health education, enhance the professional level of mental health education, and promote the standardized and scientific development of mental health education. Education, research and training departments in all districts should be fully equipped with full-time psychological teaching and research staff, and establish a long-term mechanism for teaching, research and training. Support qualified schools to set up psychological teaching and research groups and carry out regular activities.

　　13. Increase the support of psychological teachers. Support psychological teachers to participate in activities such as study, further study, training and communication, improve the professional skills of mental health education, and promote the professional development of psychological teachers. According to the actual situation of the school, all kinds of mental health education lectures, theme activities and psychological counseling for students, parents and teachers will be included in the workload and included in the performance management to ensure that full-time psychological teachers enjoy the same treatment as class teachers. Part-time psychological teachers calculate the workload according to the relevant regulations of the school and guarantee the corresponding treatment.

　　14. Ensure the site and funds. The District Education Commission should equip the district-level psychological counseling center for primary and secondary school students with special space and hardware and software equipment, and further promote the construction of psychological counseling rooms for primary and secondary schools in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education’s Guide to the Construction of Psychological Counseling Rooms for Primary and Secondary Schools. Improve the system of psychological counseling on duty, appointment, interview, etc., to ensure students’ psychological counseling and help-seeking needs. During the period when students are in school, the psychological counseling room should be open to students every day during recess, after class and other non-class hours, and teachers with psychological counseling qualifications should be arranged to be on duty. All districts and schools should ensure the daily operation of mental health education and the funds for equipment configuration, operation and maintenance and team building. All districts should fully guarantee the funds for mental health education and establish a growth mechanism as appropriate. Schools should co-ordinate all kinds of funds in the annual budget to ensure the funds for mental health education.

　　Recently, many new real estate market regulation policies have been issued to further strengthen the management of commercial housing sales, support the demand of just-needed families to buy houses by themselves, provide convenient services for leasing parties, and strictly limit speculative housing purchases.

　　Chengdu property market regulation new policy introduced

　　Just need family priority to choose a house.

　　Chengdu Housing Management Bureau announced the new policy of real estate market regulation yesterday. Chengdu just needs families to buy commercial housing and will enjoy priority lottery to support the demand of just-needed families to buy houses by themselves. The New Deal came into effect yesterday.

　　In November last year, Chengdu issued a policy, which stipulated that commercial housing should be opened for sale by means of notarization and lottery sorting. The Supplementary Notice on Matters Related to Selecting Houses by Notarization in Opening Sales of Commercial Houses announced yesterday stipulates that Chengdu’s commercial houses are sorted and selected in order of "monetized resettlement households in sheds, families just in need, and ordinary registered buyers", and the registered buyers, the lottery choosers and the contract signers are consistent. At the same time, it is stipulated that families who are listed in the house selection by family priority lottery must meet three conditions at the same time: 1. Residents’ families include husband and wife, husband and wife and their minor children, divorced (widowed) parents and their minor children; Single persons who have reached the legal age of marriage, such as unmarried, divorced or widowed, take individuals as households; If the husband and wife are divorced, they should have been divorced for three years at the time of purchase registration. 2. The registered buyers and their family members have no self-owned housing in the administrative area of Chengdu, and there has been no housing transfer record since October 1, 2016. 3. If the purchased commodity housing is located in the housing purchase restriction area of the city, the registered purchaser must comply with the housing purchase restriction policy; If the purchased house is located in the non-restricted housing area of the city, the purchaser must be a registered resident of the city.

　　According to the Supplementary Notice, the newly-obtained pre-sale permit and now-sold commodity housing projects in Chengdu shall be supported by families who just need to buy at least 50% of the remaining houses needed to support the monetization of shed reform in the current period. The competent department shall verify the owner-owned housing, housing transfer, household registration, etc. of the buyers who just need to register and their family members at the time of registration; If the husband and wife are divorced, the divorce period must be verified.

　　Hainan strictly restricts speculative housing purchase.

　　Non-registered households in this province are restricted to purchase one set of housing.

　　The Housing and Construction Department of Hainan Province released a brand-new real estate control policy yesterday. Hainan will strictly restrict speculative house purchase, and non-registered households in Hainan Province can only buy one house.

　　According to the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Stabilizing the Real Estate Market jointly issued by the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department of Hainan Province, Hainan will strictly restrict speculative house purchase and strictly examine the qualification of house purchase. Non-registered households in Hainan Province can only buy one house. Among them, housing includes commercial housing (ordinary housing, high-grade apartments, low-rise apartments and serviced apartments), property-based hotel rooms and affordable housing, including new and second-hand houses.

　　The original purchase restriction policy in Hainan province was that non-registered residents in Hainan province could only buy one set of housing, that is, one person could only buy one set of housing, but now it is uniformly adjusted to one set of housing for one family.

　　Non-registered households in this province need to provide proof that at least one family member has paid personal income tax or social insurance in Hainan Province for 60 months or more when purchasing houses in areas where the purchase restriction policy is implemented.

　　Commercial housing built in Wuzhishan, Baoting, Qiongzhong and Baisha, four cities and counties in the central ecological core area, can only be sold to households in this city (county). Among them, the household of the city (county) refers to the household registered in the city (county), the non-household registered in the city (county) who has paid personal income tax or social insurance for 60 months or more, and the imported talents recognized by the talent management department of Hainan Province.

　　In addition, the implementation of differentiated credit policy, non-registered households in Hainan Province to buy housing, apply for commercial personal housing loans down payment ratio shall not be less than 70%.

　　Shanghai provides convenient online signing service

　　Trial operation of public service platform for housing rental

　　Yesterday, the Shanghai public service platform for housing rental was put into trial operation.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Shanghai Housing Management Bureau, the platform starts with basic functions such as housing release, real-name authentication, contract online signing, and introduces some public service items such as finance, law and rent inquiry. After all the functions are completed, the integration of online signing and filing of lease contracts will be gradually realized.

　　It is reported that after all the functions of the public service platform for housing leasing in Shanghai are completed, it will also provide centralized filing convenience for large-scale, institutionalized and professional housing leasing enterprises. In the future, the platform will gradually realize data sharing with relevant management departments, reducing the round-trip travel of parties; And gradually establish a housing lease credit evaluation system.

　　According to the introduction of Shanghai Housing Authority, during the operation period, functions such as subject management, house release and contract online signing will be provided first. The main management mainly includes the filing of housing leasing enterprises and real estate brokerage institutions, the network authentication of platform users, and the good access; At the same time, the platform will also verify the real names of various personnel such as lessors, lessees and brokers. The release of housing will ensure that the platform "publishes real housing, the identity of the publisher is true, and the release behavior is true", and the housing is closed; The leasing platform will also provide a model contract text, which will provide convenient online signing service for the leasing parties and ensure the good online signing.

　　Xi ‘an strengthens the sales management of commercial housing.

　　Do not use the late price increase to induce buyers to snap up.

　　On March 30th, the Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau of Xi ‘an City, Shaanxi Province issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Commodity Housing Sales, requiring real estate development enterprises and brokerage agencies not to induce buyers to snap up with tight housing and late price increases.

　　The circular requires that when real estate development enterprises apply for the "Pre-sale Permit for Commercial Housing", they must declare the buildings that meet the pre-sale conditions at one time, and it is strictly forbidden to delay the pre-sale declaration time in batches, demolition, etc., or to sell them in blocks, layers and batches. It is not allowed to spread rumors or create a tense atmosphere by means of tight housing, internal reservation and later price increase to induce buyers to snap up. At the same time, if the number of people who intend to purchase houses is more than the saleable houses, they should be sold in public by means of notarization and lottery, and the notarization institution should supervise the whole process. It is strictly forbidden to reserve houses internally or set restrictive conditions such as giving full priority to housing selection. Real estate development enterprises should strictly follow the price publicity results of the price department, clearly mark the price of each house, and shall not sell houses at a price higher than the publicity price, and shall not tie in or force buyers to accept paid services.

　　For those who violate the notice, Xi ‘an Housing Management Bureau will, in accordance with the relevant regulations, record 10 points for the violator at one time, restrict online sales, suspend the acceptance of new applications for pre-sale permits, and notify relevant departments to implement joint punishment. According to Xinhua News Agency

　　As the saying goes, long-term practice in practical use is the best way to test whether a new car is mature in all aspects. Dongfeng Peugeot 307 sedan is a sedan derived from the prototype hatchback 307, which has been listed in China for more than a year. In the long-term use of many consumers, the domestic Peugeot 307 not only shows its excellent performance in appearance, space and handling, but also exposes some problems.

　　As a family car, the car environment of different consumers is naturally different, and it is inevitable that there will be some minor problems in the car. However, what is pointed out here is the "stubborn disease" that the manufacturer still has not solved after Peugeot 307 went on the market for more than one year-the abnormal noise of the exhaust pipe joint of the 1.6 model (the problem has not been found in the 2.0 model). Many car owners have been troubled by this problem. Although it does not endanger the driving safety, the sound of "squeaking and twisting" has a great "spiritual blow" to the car owners-who wants the car that he spent more than 100,000 yuan to drive will "squeak and twist"?

　　Performance of "stubborn disease":

　　This problem generally appears in the 1.6-displacement car of Dongfeng Peugeot 307. According to relevant network surveys, almost half of the vehicles have this problem. The performance is that after the new car runs about 4000 kilometers (some cars even start to make noises after 1000 kilometers), in the case of "cold car", when the driver performs normal driving operations that can cause the engine to vibrate, such as stepping on the clutch pedal, feeding oil, collecting oil and shifting gears, there is a "squeaking" sound from below the front of the car, and the sound disappears after the car is warmed up. The sound is different according to the severity of the situation. Due to the good sound insulation of Peugeot 307 car body, only a weak sound can be heard after closing the window; However, with the deterioration of the situation, when closing and opening the window, you can hear the obvious and sharp "squeaking" sound (metal rubbing sound, especially in quiet places such as underground garage).

　　Abnormal sound is ubiquitous and easy to diagnose;

　　For this problem, the after-sales maintenance department of Dongfeng Peugeot is obviously very familiar with it, and even just need to briefly explain the situation on the phone, and the experienced maintenance reception consultant can immediately judge that this is "abnormal noise of the exhaust pipe joint of the 1.6 model".

　

　　Dongfeng Peugeot 307 car with 1.6-liter engine, the joint between the head section and the middle section of the exhaust pipe is subject to engine vibration. After a period of time, the gasket at the joint is damaged, and the friction between the metal parts of the head section and the middle section of the exhaust pipe will produce a loud noise. When the car is cold, the exhaust pipe temperature is low and the abnormal sound is obvious; After the hot car, the temperature of the exhaust pipe rises, the metal parts expand, the two sections of the exhaust pipe are closely combined, and the abnormal sound disappears.

　　4S shop voice: the solution is to treat the symptoms rather than the root cause;

　　Strictly speaking, there is no radical solution to this problem so far. The 4S shop said: At present, the solution is to replace the worn gasket at the joint between the head section of the exhaust pipe and the middle section of the exhaust pipe. However, this method treats the symptoms rather than the root cause. After the vehicle travels for about 4,000 kilometers, there will still be obvious abnormal noise, so the gasket can only be replaced.

At present, the method of replacing gasket is a temporary solution, not a permanent cure.　

　　Consumer’s voice: Replacing gaskets for free is just a tactic to slow down the war. What should I do after the warranty period?

　　As the abnormal sound of the 1.6-liter 307 exhaust pipe is widespread, many 307 car owners in major online forums are also talking about it. Some car owners who bought their cars earlier have carried out two or three maintenance operations for this problem, but practice has proved that replacing gaskets free of charge is only a delaying tactic and cannot cure the problem. This also leads to a rather sensitive question-what should I do after the warranty period?

　　At present, the warranty period of Dongfeng Peugeot 307 is 2 years or 60,000 kilometers. During the warranty period, car owners who encounter this problem can go to the 4S shop to replace the related spare parts for free. However, since the problem cannot be cured, after the warranty period, how to solve the spare parts and working hours when encountering similar problems? Since the 307 has been on the market for less than two years, and the mileage of most 1.6-liter vehicles does not exceed 60,000 kilometers, there is no reference method to solve such problems after the warranty period.

　　What is the root of "stubborn disease"? Can the root cause be removed? The manufacturer did not make a clear statement:

　　There is a common problem of abnormal exhaust pipe noise in 1.6 models, and the manufacturer has not expressed his position at present. Through the communication with the 4S stores of Dongfeng Peugeot, it has been known that this problem does exist widely. However, the relevant parties related to the after-sales service of 307 cars, including manufacturers and 4S stores, did not disclose this incident for more than one year after the new car went on the market, but told consumers that "this is a common problem" and "there is no effective solution" after the vehicle had problems and consumers took the initiative to drive the problematic car to the door.

　　It is reasonable for the seller to keep quiet beforehand, and consumers will not complain too much about it, but what consumers are most concerned about is how to solve this problem.

　　What is the reason for the abnormal noise of the exhaust pipe of 1.6 model? Whether it is a design defect or the quality of the gasket parts at the exhaust pipe joint is not up to standard, the vehicle manufacturer has not expressed his position. How to deal with it in the future? Can this problem be cured? After the warranty period, do consumers need to bear the burden of repairing at their own expense? Vehicle manufacturers also did not express their views.

　　"Illness" does not constitute a recall condition, and consumers expect a perfect solution.

　　Presumably, manufacturers must know this problem, and more or less attention should be paid to it. The fact that it took more than a year to cure the problem tells us that there is no effective cure for the abnormal sound of the 1.6-liter 307 exhaust pipe at present.

　　The French prototype 307 has been produced and sold for many years, but it has not been heard that the same problem generally exists. In this analysis, it should be that after the domestic sedan 307 lengthens the car body, the middle section of the exhaust pipe that runs through the car body is also lengthened accordingly, which leads to the abnormal noise problem of the exhaust pipe of the 1.6-liter car that was not expected during the design (the structure of the 2.0 car is different, and there is no news of similar situation). As the "leading part" in the incident, it is too early to draw a conclusion whether there is any problem with the quality of the gasket at the joint of the exhaust pipe (after all, it is more than enough time for manufacturers to choose a new supplier who can provide high-quality parts for more than one year).

　　1.6 The abnormal sound "stubborn disease" of the vehicle model did not affect the driving safety of the vehicle and did not constitute the domestic recall conditions for car products, so Dongfeng Peugeot did not recall this incident; Even if the manufacturer intends to recall, there is no effective way to solve this problem at present (it is foreseeable that the number of 307 cars involved in this incident will be very high once recalled).

　　Consumers who don’t care much about the abnormal noise can continue to use it (it won’t affect the driving safety), but after all, quite a few consumers are still reluctant to drive a squeaky car to attract the attention of passers-by (not to mention more than 100 thousand mid-level cars). Before the warranty period, consumers can "tirelessly" go back to the 4S shop to temporarily solve the abnormal sound by replacing parts for free, but after the warranty period? Consumers should never pay for themselves every 5,000 kilometers and go to a maintenance station-unless the 4S shop makes consumers feel confident before selling the car and the two sides reach a tacit understanding, and tells them: "There is a probability that the exhaust pipe of this car will sound abnormally, and how to deal with it after the warranty period is inconclusive." We don’t expect manufacturers to actively expose the shortcomings of their products before selling cars, but manufacturers always have to solve problems that should not appear in products.

　　It’s not a big deal. The key is whether Dongfeng Peugeot can find a thorough solution to the problem-including how to technically solve the abnormal noise problem of the 1.6-liter 307 exhaust pipe (consumers are most afraid to hear: "This car is like this, it can’t be cured, and there is nothing to do." ）； It also includes the problem of how to protect the rights and interests of vehicle owners during the warranty period once it can’t be solved in time technically (consumers are also afraid to hear: "Whether to pay at their own expense is still inconclusive, and we will talk about it after the warranty period." ）。 As for cars, there are always small problems, but the ubiquitous "chronic diseases" manufacturers should really pay attention to them. It is reasonable to say that more than a year is not short, and the voice that should not exist should still make it disappear.

　　The following remarks are from online forums:

　　"The original ball head had a graphite layer, but it would soon be rubbed off, and the remaining wire friction would make abnormal noise. Theoretically, Fukang is the same as the silencer ball head used in 1.6 of 307, at least the same thing is installed on the production line, but abnormal noise appeared on 307, which may require a lot of test runs by manufacturers to completely solve it."

　　"At present, some 4S are trying some new methods, and the effect is OK. Generally, there will be no problem running for 2 or 3,000 kilometers, but in theory, it is also a temporary solution."

　　"Please pay attention to the tx that directly replaces the fixing screw and adopts the method of screwing the fixing screw, which is easy to cause the exhaust pipe to resonate in the speed range of 2600-2800, that is, to make a buzz. 4S experts have already denied this method from practice, ha ha, but it is a kind of high-frequency abnormal sound replaced by another kind of low-frequency abnormal sound, which has not been solved at all … "

　　"Although it has been running for 4000 kilometers after trying a new method in 4S, there is no problem. However, 4S also admits that theoretically, this problem has not been fundamentally solved. "

　　Because of my keen ears, my situation is quite special. It should be the first one in Beijing to replace the ball head according to the East Standard method. Before that, it was also fixed with replacement screws, which was invalid. Because of the heavy responsibility entrusted by 4s to test the East Standard solution, a total of 6 ball heads were replaced before and after, and the shortest one was forced to be replaced after running 500 kilometers, hehe!

　　"Because 4s has almost no imported 1.6 cubs to compare, this important task can only be handed over to the East Standard manufacturers for repeated road tests, alas …"

　　"In September 2005, the car changed the exhaust pipe joint ball head twice. It was not obvious for the first time. It felt as if there was abnormal noise on the left front wheel. After 4s, the exhaust pipe joint ball head was replaced. After 2-3 thousand kilometers, there was obvious abnormal noise, which appeared when the car was cold and the gear was shifted in a low gear. Replace the exhaust pipe joint ball head again (the replaced ball head has been worn out). "

　　Awarded the young scientist award

　　In order to reward young scientific researchers who have made outstanding achievements in scientific research, the Academy of Sciences decided to establish the Young Scientist Award. According to the Provisional Regulations on Youth Science Awards of China Academy of Sciences published on March 29th, since 1989, this award has been selected once every two years, with 5 first prizes and 20 second prizes selected each time. Among them, the first prize is regardless of discipline; In the second prize, there are 7 in mathematics and physics, 4 in biological science and agriculture, 4 in geoscience and 5 in technical science. According to the regulations, the qualifications of the candidates for the first and second prizes are: (1) scientific researchers of China Academy of Sciences who are under 40 years old (those who have made special contributions are not more than 45 years old), who have made major discoveries or put forward new academic ideas in scientific research activities, been highly praised by the academic circles after being published in important international academic conferences or authoritative magazines, or have made major inventions, solved key problems in economic construction or social development, and achieved obvious economic or social benefits; (2) Those under the age of 35 who have made outstanding creative achievements or published academic papers with important scientific significance. Candidates are recommended by the unit, selected by the Young Scientist Award Evaluation Committee, and finally approved and issued by the Dean. Winners enjoy honorary certificates and bonuses of corresponding prizes; The research project of the award-winning personnel can be given priority to receive a one-time special research funding of 100 thousand yuan; Winners are not limited by the number of years of service, and can be promoted to professional and technical positions without exception; Within five years after winning the prize, provide the winner with an opportunity to study abroad for one year at public expense.Can provide them with 1-2 times to participate in international academic conferences; Priority should be given to solving the problems such as the housing corresponding to the winners’ positions, and the moving of spouses and children.

　　1989年首届中国科学院青年科学家奖，于12月8日公告，共有21位青年科学家获奖，其中一等奖4名，二等奖17名。中共中央总书记江泽民同获奖青年科学家进行了座谈。

　　合肥同步辐射装置建成出光

　　4月26日凌晨，合肥国家同步辐射实验室的专用同步辐射装置成功产生同步辐射光。这是继北京正负电子对撞机之后，中国高科技领域的又一重大成就。

　　合肥同步辐射加速器是中国第一个专用同步辐射光源，它的主体是一台800Mev的电子储存环和一台200Mev直线加速器作为注入器；围绕电子储存环有光电子能谱光束线、软X射线光刻光束线、时间分辨光谱光束线、光化学光束线以和软X射线显微光束线以及分别与它们相匹配的实验站。该装置可以提供从红外、可见光、真空紫外到软X射线的具有频谱宽且平滑连续的同步辐射光源，具有可准确计算、强度高、方向性好、亮度高、偏振、有脉冲时间结构、洁净等诸多优点。这种具有一系列优良特性的波谱，在物理学、化学、生物学等基础科学方面，以及在材料科学、表面科学、计量科学、医学、显微技术、超大规模集成电路光刻等技术领域，有广泛的用途。获1995年国家科技进步奖一等奖。

　　Promulgate measures for the administration of open laboratories

　　China Academy of Sciences took the lead in establishing an open laboratory in China in 1985. By 1989, there were 63 open laboratories, 2 open research institutes and 8 open field experimental stations in the whole hospital. In the construction of open laboratory, the policy of "openness, mobility and union" is put forward. It has formed a new operating mechanism and management system, such as the competitive elimination mechanism of regular inspection and comments, and accumulated some experience in the past few years. In order to make the open laboratory run and develop healthily, on April 17th, 1989, the president’s office meeting passed the Administrative Measures for the Open Research Laboratory of China Academy of Sciences.

　　The Academy of Sciences has set up a special fund for open laboratories, which are mainly engaged in basic research and applied research. Scholars at home and abroad can go to the laboratory for scientific research after approval, and can also be employed to participate in cooperative research. Introduce competition mechanism, and implement the system of preferential support and elimination through regular inspection and evaluation; Organize inspection and evaluation every three years, publish the results of inspection and evaluation instrument, and adjust and update 15% of open laboratories according to disciplines. Encourage laboratories with basic conditions to start opening at their own expense according to the conditions of opening laboratories. After three years of practice, they will participate in the unified appraisal of the whole hospital, and the advanced ones will join the competition of the open laboratory fund of the hospital.

　　In terms of organization and management, the open laboratory is a relatively independent scientific research entity under the leadership of the institute, which is open to domestic and foreign countries; Establish an academic committee as an academic accreditation body; The office director responsibility system is implemented, and the office director is selected by the dean from domestic and foreign scientists for a term of three years; The fixed staff of the laboratory can only account for about 1/3 of the researchers that can be accommodated in the laboratory, and 2/3 should be mobile objective researchers. The full-time management staff only has one academic secretary and one administrative secretary, and the fixed staff is appointed for three years. The funds for opening the laboratory shall be accounted for separately in the institute’s finance, which shall be arranged by the director of the laboratory as a whole and accounted for according to the subject.

　　Beijing 35 MeV Proton Linear Accelerator Built

　　On May 15th, the Beijing 35MeV proton linac designed and built by the Institute of High Energy Physics passed the expert appraisal. This equipment integrates cutting-edge technologies in many fields, such as high voltage, high vacuum, ultra-high frequency, precision machinery, electronics, high-precision optical measurement and electromagnetic measurement, computer and automatic control. The proton energy beam is 35MeV, the maximum pulse current intensity is 60mA, and the beam pulse width is 100 μ s.. It is mainly used in the preparation of short-lived isotopes in medicine and the research of neutron therapy for cancer. Most important short-lived fast neutron isotopes in nuclear medicine, such as carbon -11, fluorine -18, gallium -67, iodine -123 and thallium -201, can be produced on the isotope preparation device of this accelerator. The accelerator’s fast neutron generation system, treatment positioning system, neutron dose testing system and automatic control system constitute the first strong neutron cancer treatment device in China. In addition, it can also provide proton beams for nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry experiments.

　　Beijing 35MeV proton linear accelerator has been running normally after its completion, and has achieved many important research results, and was awarded the first prize of the 1991 National Science and Technology Progress Award.

　　Set up a scientific publishing fund

　　China Academy of Sciences has decided to set up a scientific publishing fund from 1990, with an annual allocation of 3 million yuan to support the publication of excellent and important scientific books and periodicals. On May 25th, this year, the Trial Regulations of Science Publishing Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences was promulgated to the whole country. The "Regulations" stipulate that the fund shall face the whole country and implement the principle of fair competition and merit-based support. Set up an expert committee of the Scientific Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is composed of famous domestic scientists and editing and publishing experts, to manage the fund; The office of the Committee is located in Science Press. At the same time, it is also stipulated that the fund will raise donations through multiple channels and accept donations from home and abroad.

　　The Committee of Experts on the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences deliberated and adopted the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Trial Regulations on the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Measures for the Application of the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Regulations on the Organization of the Professional Group of the Expert Committee on the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the list of members of the professional group.

　　According to the above-mentioned documents, the Science Publishing Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences is mainly used to finance the publication of high-level excellent and important scientific books and periodicals in natural science and technical science; All the projects that are funded by the Science Publishing Fund, all regions and departments in China, overseas Chinese and Chinese scientists and technicians can submit written applications to the Office of the Expert Committee of the Science Publishing Fund, and the Office of the Science Publishing Fund is determined according to the prescribed evaluation procedures, adhering to the principles of relying on experts, fully developing academic democracy, fair competition and merit-based support. Priority will be given to young workers.

　　Establish a dean scholarship

　　In order to encourage graduate students to make progress, it was decided to set up the Dean’s Scholarship, and the Regulations on the Dean’s Scholarship of China Academy of Sciences was promulgated on June 22nd.

　　China Academy of Sciences Dean Scholarship is the highest award for graduate education; Scholarships are divided into two types: special awards and excellent awards, which are selected once a year, including no more than 10 special awards and about 150 excellent awards. The conditions for the Excellence Award are that graduate students have excellent academic performance, strong scientific research ability, remarkable scientific research achievements, theoretical innovation or development, and published high-level papers in international and domestic first-class academic journals during their study; Innovating in technology, achieving good economic or social benefits, participating in major scientific research projects and making great contributions. The conditions of the special prize are that the graduate students are particularly outstanding in their studies, have made great inventions during their studies, have made innovations or developments in theory, have important academic value, can promote the development of their disciplines and majors, have made great breakthroughs in technology, have achieved remarkable economic or social benefits, or have made significant contributions in other aspects. The first batch of Dean’s Scholarships were selected by the Academic Degrees Committee and announced on the eve of the National Day. There were 9 winners of special prizes and 136 winners of excellent prizes.

　　Publish the emblem of the college

　　At the beginning of 1987, it was decided to make the emblem of China Academy of Sciences, and on July 18, 1987, the emblem pattern was collected from inside and outside the academy. After nearly two years of extensive collection of drawings, repeated listening to opinions from all sides, and expert evaluation, it was finally approved by the president’s office meeting, and the Notice on Publishing the emblem pattern was officially issued on October 27, 1989.

　　The emblem of China Academy of Sciences is round, with the words "China Academy of Sciences" on the outer ring, with the handwriting of Guo Moruo, the first president, above it and English below. Inside the ring is a material structure pattern composed of six crystals, which symbolizes the integration and combination of six disciplines: mathematics, physics, culture, heaven, earth and life. There is a gear in the middle, which symbolizes technical science. The meaning of the whole design is to give full play to the role of the Natural Science Research Center of China Academy of Sciences and promote the progress of national science and technology. The six crystals in the outer ring and inner ring of the emblem and the dot in the middle are peacock blue; The Chinese and foreign characters of China Academy of Sciences and the parts outside the crystal in the ring are white; The edges and six decorative points in the middle of the pattern are silver.

　　Beijing Lenovo Computer Group Corporation was formally established.

　　Beijing Lenovo Computer Group Corporation was formally established on November 14th. Its predecessor was the Computing Company of Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was founded in November 1984. At the beginning, there were only 11 staff members and 200,000 yuan of start-up funds. They started with the development, production and promotion of Lenovo Chinese character system, and after five years of hard work, they developed into a first-class export-oriented computer industry group integrating technology, industry, trade and information services in China. By November 1989, there were more than 700 employees at home and abroad, 17 subsidiaries, 2 research centers, 3 production bases, 1 training center and 31 maintenance stations all over the country. The company insists on researching, developing, producing and managing its own computer high-tech products and creating social and economic benefits, and has successfully transformed 126 high-tech achievements into products urgently needed by the market. The company’s self-made products and one-time development products account for more than 80% of the total turnover. Lenovo 286 microcomputer, newly introduced in 1989, was sold in large quantities to more than 30 countries and regions such as the United States, Canada, Europe and Southeast Asia. In Beijing New Technology Development Experimental Zone, Lenovo has the largest number of fist products, and its development benefit ranks first.

　　Hold a meeting on foreign affairs to sum up ten years’ work.

　　From December 21st to 23rd, a conference on foreign affairs was held in Beijing to summarize the foreign affairs of China Academy of Sciences in the past ten years of reform and opening up.

　　In the past ten years, China Academy of Sciences has implemented the policy of opening to the outside world, made great efforts to strengthen international cooperation and exchanges, and carried out extensive official, non-governmental, bilateral and multilateral cooperation and exchanges, forming a multi-level, multi-channel, multi-form and all-round international cooperation situation. The meeting held that extensive international cooperation and exchanges have promoted the development of China Academy of Sciences in several aspects: (1) A number of high-level achievements have been made. For example, the completion of large-scale scientific research projects such as Beijing Electron Positron Collider, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator and Synchrotron Radiation Accelerator, as well as the introduction and completion of remote sensing satellite ground stations, have all been achieved through international cooperation; (2) Accelerating the training of talents. In the past ten years, more than 12,000 researchers at different levels have been sent abroad through various channels, such as studying abroad, attending international conferences, short-term training, and long-term cooperative research. Holding a variety of international academic conferences and inviting foreign experts to give lectures in the hospital are also important ways to train talents; (3) Expanded the influence of China Academy of Sciences in the international scientific community. There are more than 100 scientists in the hospital who hold various positions in international organizations, some of whom hold major leadership positions in relevant organizations; (4) It has opened up a channel for the technical products of China Academy of Sciences to enter the international market and participate in international competition. For example, BBO crystal from Fujian Institute of Physics, BGO crystal from Shanghai Silicic Acid Pipe Institute and NdFeB permanent magnet materials from Sanhuan Company have all entered the international market through international cooperation.

　　In order to further expand international cooperation and exchanges, the meeting also discussed and revised a number of management measures.

　　The Department of Technology submitted six special consultation reports to the State Council.

　　On December 26th-30th, the Department of Technology held an enlarged meeting of all members to discuss and consider six special consultation reports prepared by relevant experts organized by the Department: (1) Suggestions on the trial open recruitment of academic leaders in key engineering colleges; (2) Suggestions on developing the raw material route of China’s iron and steel industry; (3) On China’s energy development strategy with electricity as the center; (4) Suggestions on reasonable communication structure; (5) Research on promoting the virtuous circle of computer development in China; (6) Suggestions on promoting China’s integrated circuit industry to enter a virtuous circle. After deliberation, it was submitted to the State Council.

　　On January 3, 1990, China Academy of Sciences received the instructions from Premier Li Peng on the above-mentioned consultation report: "Please send the six special reports of the Academy of Sciences to the Planning Commission and relevant departments for study and discussion, and adopt them appropriately in the Eighth Five-Year Plan". The General Office of the State Council sent letters to Wang Daheng and Shi Changxu, directors of the Department of Technology, thanking them for their great enthusiasm for making meaningful suggestions to the government, and through them thanking the scientists and scientific and technological workers who compiled these reports.

　　Establish a Committee of Subject Experts

　　In order to promote the scientific and democratic macro-decision-making in discipline development and scientific research management, China Academy of Sciences set up six discipline expert committees in 1989, namely, mathematical mechanics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and chemical engineering, earth science, resource and environmental science, biology and technical science, announced the members of each Committee, and issued the Work Regulations of the Discipline Expert Committee of China Academy of Sciences.

　　The "Regulations" stipulate that the subject expert committee is an academic permanent institution, consisting of about 10 experts in the subject, with 1 director and 1-2 deputy directors. Members are appointed by the relevant professional bureaus for a term of two years. The main duties of the discipline expert committee are: to study and discuss the development trends and trends of this discipline, especially to pay attention to the trends of frontier fields, interdisciplinary and comprehensive fields; Put forward opinions on the development direction, priority areas and major scientific research projects (topics) of this discipline; Close contact with the majority of scientific and technological personnel, listen to various opinions, and reflect them to the relevant bureaus of the hospital through various means; Pay attention to the growth of scientific and technological talents and make suggestions on training and selecting outstanding young scientists and academic leaders. After the establishment of the discipline expert committee, it has been playing an important role in making discipline development plans, strategic research and determining the key scientific research plans and major scientific research projects of the Institute.

　　Development of polypropylene grade polypropylene resin

　　Among the five varieties of chemical fibers, namely polyester, nylon, polypropylene, acrylic and vinylon, four varieties are imported from abroad, and only polypropylene is successfully researched and developed by China.

　　Since the 1960s, the Institute of Chemistry has invested in the research of polypropylene. Since 1970s, a great deal of research has been done on polypropylene spinning, and the key technology of "new stable spinning process of polypropylene" has been mastered. A new scheme of developing polypropylene grade resin by adjusting the molecular weight of polypropylene by chemical degradation is put forward. In order to further develop the industrial production of polypropylene spinning special materials, the Institute of Chemistry cooperated with the No.3 Chemical Plant of Liaoyang Petrochemical Fiber Company to carry out more than ten difficult technical transformations on the polypropylene equipment and production process introduced by Liaohua in the 1970s and built in the 1980s, and solved the technical problems such as polymerization, purification, refining, drying, granulation, packaging and measuring instruments in the imported technology, and developed a series of flowing polypropylene spinning special materials created by chemical degradation. The spinning performance and aging resistance of the new products have reached the level of similar advanced products in the world, which has laid a foundation for the polypropylene industry in China and driven more than 20 provinces and cities across the country to develop a series of new polypropylene products with various specifications, such as polypropylene filaments, staple fibers, bulked yarns and non-woven fabrics.

　　This project won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1989.

　　Affected by Typhoon Likima, a serious flood disaster occurred in Ningguo City, Anhui Province recently, and more than 110,000 people were affected. After the disaster, there was a warm heart scene: on August 14th, the office of Ningguo Municipal People’s Government received five "registered letters", each containing 2,000 yuan, a total of 10,000 yuan in donations, all of which were signed "Zhufeng Town Pingyi". Immediately, the local authorities started a spontaneous relay to find the anonymous donor. With the exposure of anonymous’s true identity, the donor who moved Ningguo has moved China.

　　Who is he?

　　Five anonymous donation letters triggered a search for good people in the city.

　　Affected by typhoon "Lichima", flash floods broke out in many places in Ningguo, Anhui Province recently, and roads were destroyed and houses collapsed, causing more than 110,000 people to be affected. After the disaster, at 4: 00 pm on August 14th, the office of Ningguo Municipal People’s Government received five registered letters: each envelope contained 2,000 yuan, totaling 10,000 yuan, all signed as "Zhufeng Town Pingyi".

　　The staff of the Ningguo People’s Government Office told the Beijing Youth Daily reporter: "The letter is anonymous and there is no indication of the purpose of the money, but we speculate that it should be a donation." After the news of anonymous donation was exposed, it attracted the attention of local netizens. Everyone forwarded the tracing message one after another, wondering who the donor named "Zhufeng Town Pingyi" was, and even more wanting to know the story behind the anonymous donor.

　　"We immediately found the post office where the letter was sent through the postmark." The staff said that they learned from the surveillance video of Ningguo East Post Hall that the letter was sent on August 13th, and the sender was an old man with the words "Ningguo Sanitation" printed on his clothes.

　　"Everyone attaches great importance to this matter and immediately entrusts us to find someone." The relevant staff of Ningguo Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that because the surveillance video was relatively clear, the Environmental Sanitation Department immediately organized the heads of various companies to identify and basically confirmed the identity of the elderly. The old man named Le Jinmei, 72 years old, lives in Hongjiata Village, Wayaopu Village, Zhufeng Street, and is a sanitation worker.

　　found it

　　Old people are usually very frugal, and their families are sick and embarrassed.

　　When the Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau initially determined that the old man who donated money was Le Jinmei, Director Li of the Civilization Office of Zhufeng Sub-district Office visited the house. "He is an ordinary sanitation worker, his family is not rich, and his walls are all rough and cement."

　　On August 16th, the reporter of Beiqing Daily contacted Le Fazhi, the son of Le Jinmei, an old man who donated money. "My father took advantage of his family to donate10,000 yuan, and the family only knew about it after seeing the tracing information in the circle of friends." Le Fazhi said that although he confirmed that it was his father at the first sight when he saw the video, he still couldn’t believe it. "He didn’t admit that he donated money at first. I asked again and again before he told me that the money was donated to the villagers affected by the typhoon."

　　"When I first learned the news of my father’s donation, my family didn’t quite understand it." Le Fazhi said frankly, "The family’s economic situation is not very good, and 10,000 yuan is not a small amount for us." Le Fazhi told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that his father had been a sanitation worker for more than ten years. "He had been farming at home before, and later, because he was too old to do farm work, he began to work as a sanitation worker to support his family." According to Le Fazhi, my father’s monthly salary and meal allowance add up to only 2,065 yuan. "He is reluctant to spend money himself at ordinary times, and he can carry it when he is sick. The money saved should be saved."

　　Talking about the recent situation at home, Le Fazhi said: "The family has not been calm recently and spent a lot of money." His mother broke her hand when she fell last year, and his wife was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the beginning of this year. The treatment has cost about 150,000 yuan. When the reporter of Beiqing Daily contacted Le Fazhi, he was working in a chicken farm. "I went out to work at 9 o’clock last night, and I couldn’t go home all night. Our family are farmers and earn hard money." When talking about his wife’s follow-up treatment expenses, Le Fazhi said: "The current economic situation can still be sustained. Let’s take it one step at a time."

　　Too touched

　　I just want to make a silent contribution. The donation has been used for disaster relief.

　　Although the father donated money behind his family’s back, the old man’s explanation afterwards convinced him to be happy. In 1991, Le Fazhi’s family was flooded. With the help of all walks of life, the collapsed river bank in the village was rebuilt, and every household received rice distributed by the government. "Our family weathered the storm with the help of everyone. My father is old and always wants to make some contributions to society."

　　Le Fazhi said that when the typhoon hit, my father learned about the collapse of houses in the mountains through TV, and many people lost contact because of the flood. "Compared with the people affected by the disaster, although our family has poor economic conditions, at least the whole family is together, and my father wants to do his little to help them." Le Fazhi also told the reporter, "Zhufeng Town is the place name here, because it needs to be signed when sending a letter, so he improvised ‘ Pingyi ’ This fake name. "

　　When it comes to this father’s donation, Le Fazhi is not surprised when he thinks about it. "This is not the first time my father has done good deeds. In the 1980s, my father donated money to Shuguang Primary School in the village to help the school transform its teaching facilities. In the early 1990 s, the Fangkengwu Group repaired the bridge, and the poor father also donated more than 200 yuan. " For his father’s repeated donations, Le Fazhi said that he only learned after listening to others. "My father quietly donated without telling us."

　　"This time, he is the same. He just wants to do something for the people affected by the disaster and doesn’t want others to know." Le Fazhi told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that Le Jinmei did not expect that everyone would find him through the monitoring of the post office. "My father is very embarrassed now. He never thought that doing this would have such a big impact."

　　The relevant staff of the Ningguo People’s Government Office said that at present, donations from the elderly have been donated to charitable associations for local disaster relief work.

　　Text/reporter Zhang Ya Intern reporter Zhao Yihan

　　Co-ordination/Chi Haibo

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Ten million years ago, apes were forced to move from forest to grassland, facing a more dangerous living environment. To this end, they responded by expanding the group size. grooming, which was originally used to maintain this sense of group connection, became inefficient. As a result, ape-man evolved a bigger brain, which made human babies "natural premature babies". 70,000 years ago, our ancestor Homo sapiens learned to speak. Because of the great responsibility of caring for babies, women have to rely on men. Women in subordinate positions have evolved more empathy when socializing, so that they can form a better social network. As the purpose of language evolution, gossip was formally born in this period.

Compared with the grooming behavior among primates, human gossip has obvious efficiency advantages: it contains more information and can realize a one-to-many model. For example, when one person is talking, three or more people can listen at the same time and join in the communication. At the same time, using language to gossip, participants also get the effect similar to grooming, that is, gain each other’s friendship, trust and loyalty. Therefore, gossip can be regarded as a cheap alternative mode of grooming, and it has been successfully upgraded to version 2.0. More significantly, gossip has greatly promoted the evolution of language. According to yuval harari’s opinion in A Brief History of Mankind, this well explains why Neanderthals, whose physique and intelligence were much higher than Homo sapiens, were finally eliminated by history, because of their low language level. They will only say, "There are lions by the river". The language of Homo sapiens is: "There is an adult lion by the river who has just finished drinking water and is hunting antelope."

Thus, language has become a tool of gossip. In other words, language evolved to better gossip. The gossip desire brought by rich language makes Homo sapiens know who has strong ability, who is hostile to himself and who has more resources in communication. This kind of gossip is enough to maintain a large-scale team, and on this basis, we can keep ourselves from falling into a state of being at a loss in tribal conflicts. It can be said that it is the power of gossip that makes Homo sapiens stand out, and has written a colorful stroke in the history of human civilization. In this way, as primates, early humans first combed each other’s hair, then chatted and gossiped, and finally all became a group of people who ate melons. This human characteristic ensures that the fire of gossip will not burn out in the long evolutionary history of later generations, and even flourish, thus laying the foundation for a beautiful new world of gossip for everyone.

two

Gossip is the need of small-scale human cooperation. Before the official news communication channel is established, human beings need to exchange information, evaluate others, restrain behavior, form values and reach a consensus through some channels, so as to complete group cooperation, defeat other species and seek favorable conditions for survival. In other words, before fictional stories and formal channels for news release, all human communication activities could only be conducted through "gossip". Furthermore, in early human life, "gossip" is news, and news is "gossip". There is no difference between them.

With the evolution of history, the need for large-scale human cooperation has emerged. At this time, a fictional story based on gossip was born. These fictional stories, except for some officially published works, mainly contain a large number of literary works from the folk and alluding to reality-especially poems and novels. Yes, it was gossip that contributed to the birth of the first batch of realistic literary masterpieces. As the first collection of China’s poems, The Book of Songs, which was written from 11th century BC to 6th century BC, contains a lot of gossip news. For example, there is an article "The wall has its own rules", which reads: "The wall has its own rules and cannot be swept. The conversations in your palace can hardly be said to be exported. What can be said is also ugly. " Directly gossip about the scandal of Xuan Jiang, the wife of Wei Xuangong, having an affair with an illegitimate child. The history of later generations will prove time and again that the secret inside the walls of the deep palace will always be the gossip focus of the people who eat melons.

Fiction is inseparable from gossip, and it can even be said that fiction is gossip. Ban Gu, a historian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, defined the novel as follows: "Novelists flow because of officials; The street talks about the gossip, and the hearsay is also made. " That is to say, what novelists do is mainly to record the gossip in folk streets and report it to the chief. Novelists are independent, but because the recorded events are from hearsay, just like today’s gossip bloggers, they are still regarded as worthless (which explains why novels have been seriously underestimated for a long time in the history of China). The materials of novels usually come from fables, historical biographies (especially unofficial history), literati’s notes and folk entertainment. Except for fables with strong imagination and symbolic meaning, the latter three have a strong realistic foundation and are variations of gossip in various forms.

It is precisely because of its strong reality that gossip can actively reflect social life and regulate behavior norms, and even influence politics, so all the rulers in China have attached great importance to it, for example, sending officials to collect poems and setting up Yuefu to collect folk songs, with the aim of examining people’s feelings for reference in politics. "History of Han Art and Literature" says: "In ancient times, there were officials who collected poems, so kings looked at customs, knew gains and losses, and taught themselves to be correct." At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Yellow Scarf Army Uprising opened the prelude to the Three Kingdoms in the singing of "Heaven is dead, Yellow Heaven is standing, and the world is prosperous at the age of 60".

three

If you want to select the most famous and interesting collection of gossip stories, Shi Shuo Xin Yu must be on the list. This note novel written in the Southern Dynasties records the anecdotes of many celebrities, handsome guys, beautiful women and dignitaries in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the golden age of thought and art, which is rare in China’s history, a dazzling group of "online celebrity" was born, including Shi Chong and Wang Kai, Wei Jie, a handsome man, Pan An, and Ji Kang and Ruan Ji … Among them, the most popular group belongs to "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", and they swept most of the headlines. In fact, these people drank, pick up hot chicks and took drugs (eating "Five Stones". In the troubled times of Wei and Jin dynasties, seven young people with lofty ideals made their debut in groups. Because they don’t want to get involved in the power struggle, they usually don’t do practical things, so they set the league rules of "Mo Yan’s state affairs", which is simply a clean stream in the troubled times.

Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu

With its handsome appearance and exquisite talent, the first men’s team in China history, composed of seven handsome guys, has numerous fans, from princes and nobles to ordinary people, all of whom are fascinated by it. Ji Kang, the representative of the Seven Sages in the Bamboo Forest, is not only first-class in piano skills, but also superb in aura. A song "Guangling Qu" has brought down countless fans, and even Wang Rong and Shan Tao in the team are his diehard fans. Look at the wonderful description in Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rong Zhi: "Ji Kang is seven feet eight inches long and has a unique charm. When he sees it, he sighs,’ Xiao Xiao Su Su, bright and clear.’ Or the cloud says,’ Su Su is like a loose wind, high and gentle.’ Shan Gong (Shan Tao) said:’ Uncle Ji Ye (Ji Kang Zi) is also a man, and Yan Yan is lonely and independent; He is drunk, and if Russia (towering) is about to collapse. " "Later generations used" Yushan "to describe the drunken appearance of handsome men.

Of course, the gossip in Shi Shuo Xin Yu is not only idolatry, but also the exposure and satire of social reality. For example, there is a record in the article "Waste": "The Emperor Wudi tasted Wang Wuzi’s home, and Wu Zi offered it for food, and used glazed utensils. There are more than 100 male servants, all of whom are graceful and graceful, holding food and drink with their hands. It is not beautiful, but different from the usual taste. The emperor asked him, and replied,’ Drink wine with human milk’. The emperor was very upset, so he went before he finished eating. " A few years ago, the topic of "keeping healthy with human milk" of the rich people caused a lot of criticism on the Internet, but it was a drop in the bucket compared with Wang Ji’s "keeping pigs with human milk". Legend has it that Nero, the ancient Roman emperor, was extravagant and burned Rome for the expansion of his palace, and the extravagant wind among the Wei and Jin dynasties did not fall behind. The article "Waste" is a comment on Wang Ji, Shi Chong and others’ arrogance and extravagance. They beheaded their handmaids as wine drinkers and made up money to decorate the fence, which was enough to destroy all people’s illusions about modesty and elegance.

four

Of course, note novels can’t meet the urgent needs of the people who eat melons for real-time gossip. At the beginning of the 11th century, people wanted to know which geisha Liu Yong, the top singer at that time, was in love with, rather than looking through gossip anecdotes compiled hundreds of years ago. Therefore, the all-encompassing and all-encompassing folk tabloids, as well as various entertainment and leisure places such as brothels, washes, chess houses, theaters, gambling houses, hunting grounds and teahouses, have become important sources for people to know first-hand gossip news. Negative news about the court, society and individuals, such as which official was summoned privately by the emperor, where floods broke out and flooded many houses, how many people died from the plague, and what negative events happened to which official, are unlikely to appear in the official Dibao. However, these gossip information also involves all aspects of interests, so people in the upper class need an alternative kind of "Dibao", that is, the tabloid that goes up to the court and down to the life of officials.

In the late Northern Song Dynasty, this kind of privately printed tabloid appeared (this is an epoch-making event in the history of China’s press and publication), and its editors and publishers were mainly editors of Dibao, but the sources of news were not limited to censors and other officials, and there were also special news inspectors. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Sheng recorded in The Ruling and Opposition Category that there were so-called internal spies, provincial spies and official spies, all of which were private tabloids, and the rate was forbidden to leak, so they were called "news" by stealth. Besides, ladies-in-waiting, handmaids, pages and so on are all reliable people who can provide inside information. The appearance of the tabloid enabled the dignitaries in the upper class not only to know the negative news of the society in time, but also to grasp the private lives of their political opponents. Of course, the content in the tabloid, like today’s gossip, has both true and fabricated rumors. There are countless officials who are influenced by the gossip information in the tabloid, among which Zhu Xi, a great scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, suffered greatly. When Zhu Xi was "popular", an incredible gossip came out in the tabloid: Zhu Xi was cheating with his daughter-in-law. This made Zhu Xi angry and embarrassed, and there was no other way but for the dumb to eat Rhizoma Coptidis.

If the tabloid is more corresponding to the upper class, then the entertainment places are caught in the net, including high-class dignitaries, middle-class literati and ordinary ordinary people, so the news here almost covers the gossip of the whole society from top to bottom. As a result, we can see that there is such a bridge in many costume dramas: people from all walks of life gain other people’s privacy through these men and women who hang out in entertainment places, precisely because many people from all walks of life like to go to brothels, listen to ditties and mix gambling houses. In that era when there were no social media, variety shows and film and television broadcasts, most of the lyrics of Liu Yong, a gold medalist in the Northern Song Dynasty, came from romantic places, which spread widely and had a deep influence, from the ear of the emperor (a crane to the sky angered Song Renzong) to the people of Li, as the saying goes, "Where there is a well, all the lyrics are sung." A song "Rain Bells" (chilling and sorrowful) hides the explosive gossip news that makes the people who eat melons bloody, and we can appreciate the terrorist influence of spreading gossip in entertainment places.

five

In the 18th century, industrial revolution in europe was surging, which gave birth to gossip news in the modern sense. On the one hand, with the development of the industrial revolution, the autonomy of the countryside has been broken, which has become a part of the whole industrial world, and then various information needs for distant social conditions, raw materials, transportation and people have been born. At the same time, villagers left the countryside and entered the city to become industrial workers. The city is so huge that gossip information is beyond the reach of mouth and ears. People can’t know what happened on the other side of new york, London or Paris, so those interpersonal gossips that were originally "heard at the end of the village" need special middlemen to transit, and commercialized gossip was born.

Since the 1930s, the popular newspaper industry, represented by The New York Sun and The New York Herald, began to sell ordinary people’s gossip, including murder, violence, pornography, and so on. In form, it experienced three stages of development: yellow news, sensational reporting and tabloidization. Different from celebrity gossip, the selling point of ordinary gossip is things rather than people. Although the protagonists of gossip are often changed, their themes and even plots are very similar. They are always about accidents, ecstasy, great happiness, impermanence of life and death, good and evil results, ups and downs of life experience … the ancient motif that human destiny revolves around. People’s attention to the gossip of ordinary people is not due to the abnormality of the protagonist, but precisely to the normality of the protagonist. They stare at the unusual stories of these ordinary people; And once chosen by fate, they will repeat similar stories. In this sense, "all the shocking headlines in the newspaper are actually common things in the world."

Looking through the gossip news and old news, we can find a permanent theme: the constant conflict between isolated individuals and social regulations. It occasionally involves the upper class, but it is always full of the impermanence of the fate of the lower class. Ordinary people gossip is always about the unusual things of fate-occasionally good, mostly bad, such as violent death, suicide, separation of flesh and blood, wind and dust, overnight wealth, semi-empty … These daily updated stories are "not about traditional moral codes, but a living morality, an individual judgment that newspaper readers need to make every day". A secret fact is that these horror stories in the gossip of ordinary people may fall on your head one day. It is by watching the stories of ordinary people that the people who eat melons learn and cope with the choices and uncertainties in life. Yes, eating melons is a complex behavior of thinking about life and fate with a trembling pleasure.

six

Undoubtedly, compared with ordinary people’s gossip, people who eat melons are more interested in celebrity gossip. Celebrity gossip has a long history. Celebrities in ancient Rome were monarchs or warriors, celebrities in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were elegant celebrities, celebrities in the early 19th century were politicians, saints and social activists, and celebrities in the late 19th century were successful people such as political stars and business tycoons. By the 1920s, the main composition of celebrities had shifted from productism (business and scientific elites) to the representative of consumerism (entertainment and sports stars), and this huge wave of consumerism has been affecting today. Despite many controversies, celebrity journalism became a formal news category at the beginning of the 20th century. It not only has a special media organization, distribution platform and market segments, but even firmly occupies the special pages of serious newspapers.

In the loose and atomized mass society, celebrity gossip is one of the few events that can unite the eyes of all walks of life. People’s attention to celebrity gossip can easily be extended to pan-social issues and moral issues. For example, the concern about the marriage problems of Wang Baoqiang, Jerry and other stars actually discusses the legal and moral contract in modern marriage; The debate on the family education mode of celebrities reflects the diversity and conflict of modern parenting ideas; The criticism of Zheng Shuang’s surrogacy abandonment incident makes people reflect on the legal and ethical issues behind it; The discussion on Wu Hechen, a disciple of Deyun Society, raising money through water droplets is related to the allocation criteria of social resources. The exposure of celebrity sexual harassment and even the Metoo movement sweeping the world point to the social reality of gender oppression and gender discrimination. The discussion on this kind of celebrity gossip has gone beyond the category of private affairs and become a public affair that unites group identification. By sharing and commenting on these celebrity gossip, girlfriends build a stronger sense of connection with each other.

Of course, the entertainment attribute of celebrity gossip is the eternal love of the masses who eat melons. Celebrities are either handsome in appearance or gifted, or successful in life. People are always used to projecting themselves on celebrities. The superior social status of celebrities often means oppressive plunder of resources. Therefore, people who eat melons are especially happy to see the negative news of high-ranking people, such as the disaster of Qi people caused by Tmall President Jiang Fan, the wives and concubines of Macau gamblers, the love and hate of Samsung family, the parting of Lao Yan, the founder of Amazon, and so on, as well as various movie and television stars, talent show stars, reality show stars and top-notch online celebrity gossip. Through functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) research, it is found that the negative gossip of celebrities can significantly activate the reward center of the brain. Adam Perkins, a neurobiologist, commented that we are essentially running around in the modern world with the brains of cavemen. When a celebrity walks off the altar, the reward center of our brain is activated, as if witnessing the failure of a more successful competitor in our tribe.

seven

Today, with the rise and strength of online social media such as hot search rankings, the gossip of people who eat melons is simply dizzying, and sometimes several heavy melons appear one after another in one day, which makes senior gossip people a little indigestion (because there are one after another after the opening of the year in 2021, some netizens even ridicule that 2021 is the year of melons). Due to the unprecedented development of gossip information and the deep anxiety that pervades the whole society, the 21st century has become a veritable era of everyone gossiping. As the adhesive of social relations, gossip continues to explode with amazing energy in this era. If a person can collect many unknown secrets and know many people at the same time, gossip will have an influence. So someone added the third quotient: gossip quotient after IQ and EQ.

No matter how keen you are on gossip, almost everyone knows the simple truth that whenever we talk about others, we are talking about ourselves to some extent. When we know that a seemingly happy marriage is on the rocks, that a respectable big man has abused his family, or that a well-behaved celebrity has an unspeakable quirk, we will be relieved: they have the same troubles as me, and they are as ordinary as me. This explains why people who eat melons are often keen to watch, share and comment on the negative news of celebrities. Although there is an old saying that "sit still and think about yourself, and gossip is not about people’s mistakes", people who eat melons have long forgotten the ecstasy of sharing big melons, enjoying the wonderful feeling of β -endorphin secreted by their brains when gossiping. As the saying goes, "gossip is cool for a while, and gossip has always been cool."

Virtue of bad habits

Of course, although gossip is loved by everyone, talking about other people’s negative news is more or less morally flawed. Therefore, gossip is sometimes more like an adventure. When people are gossiping, they are worried that walls have ears, while enjoying the thrill of challenging the rules. In this regard, the American philosopher Emrys Westacott righted the gossip in the book The Virtue of Bad Habits: "Moral purity is the characteristic of a saint, but this sage-like life needs to be achieved at the risk of reducing wealth, passion and challenge, which is inhuman." At the same time, he gave many benefits of gossip with profound insight into human nature, including "gloating (others’ misfortunes will make us feel a kind of vicious happiness), gloating (discussing others’ failures or misfortunes can cause us to feel complacent about our own virtues, abilities or wisdom), feeling of power (information superiority generated by the subject being discussed or the audience who are not yet aware) and itching pleasure (spying on others).

Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language

It can be seen that gossip is just like human nature, neither a devil nor an angel, but a person is just a person. Gossip is neither synonymous with gossip and vulgarity as people generally think, nor a perfect thing without moral flaws. But on the whole, people generally underestimate the power of gossip. It was not until the second half of the 20th century, especially when Robin Dunbar, a famous British anthropologist, wrote the masterpiece of popular science, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, that people began to realize the great value of gossip. Gossip, with the image of a titan-like ancient hero, has entered the modern era with the dark atmosphere in the depths of history. In the rolling tide of secularization that has gradually stepped down from the altar, it tries to surpass the powerful "Schopenhauer Pendulum" with certain social attributes and entertainment spirit inherent to human beings-by talking about the other who is not present, so that human beings can temporarily get rid of the tragic situation of alternating rule of boredom and pain and get some symbolic psychological comfort.

Heidegger said: "Language is the home of existence." As an animal of language, gossip always makes human beings feel at home. Or further, gossip is the essence of human beings.

1905 movie network news The spring of good actors has really come!

　

Recently, she won the Best Actress of China Watch Award, becoming the first actress to win this honor after 00.

Zifeng Zhang accepted the prize on the stage, and "Brother" applauded proudly, happier than winning the prize himself! This time, the film starring Peng Yuchang also won an excellent theme award at the China Watch Award.

Transformation and Fame: "National Brothers and Sisters" in Peng Yuchang, Zifeng Zhang

As a "play bone" of the post-00 generation who has been in the business for nearly 17 years, Zifeng Zhang, a child star, has always been an "acting school".

　

At the age of 8, she won the Hundred Flowers Award Award for Best Newcomer for her role of "Little Party Deng". At the age of 11, she was in Modern Times and opposite play, and the acting skills of "Father and Daughter" in the film were even.

At the age of 14, Zifeng Zhang left a classic shot only with a horrified smile after the truth was revealed.

　

In the same year as Zifeng Zhang’s "Evil Smile", Peng Yuchang made his debut as a "strong father-in-law" with the comedy go princess go.

Since then, from her first appearance to The Birth of an Actor, Peng Yuchang, who is smart and outstanding, has become the favorite "Little Bo Huang" of the audience.

Peng Yuchang and Zifeng Zhang are affectionately called "national brothers and sisters", and they fight with each other in private, which is enviable. When it comes to the fact that the two are officially brothers and sisters, I have to mention thatJune 14thIt’s on the movie channel at 15:32.

Zifeng Zhang was 17 and Peng Yuchang was 24 when the film was made. In the film, the two performed daily fights between Chinese brothers and sisters. Peng Yuchang’s strength was "pit sister" and Zifeng Zhang shouted "Take my brother away quickly"!

　

After the film was released, stars such as,, and praised the platform for the film. This dark horse film once created a small miracle in the film market — — Invested 40 million yuan and accumulated 375 million box office.

Natural Studio: Xiamen and the Film and Television Industry’s Bidirectional Going.

Directed by Zheng Fenfen, the film is adapted from the comic book of the same name of You Ling Sisters: Sister second of time (Zifeng Zhang) can’t stand the teasing of her brother (Peng Yuchang), and her wish to take her brother away comes true. While second of time is delighted, he gradually discovers his brother’s unknown secret … …

　

Locomotive, tunnel, railway track, old wharf … … The film is full of youthful literature and art and Haicheng style. The whole story takes place in Ludao (Xiamen’s nickname ~), and the filming location of "Ludao Middle School" in the film is in Xiamen No.1 Middle School.

80% of the filming location of the film is in Xiamen. At the beginning, the market (eight cities) that second of time passed by by riding an electric car is near Zhongshan Road and Datong Road, where the daily necessities behind the literary Xiamen are branded.

When I came home from school with second of time, I had to go through a tunnel. This is the local Hongshan Tunnel, which was abandoned and transformed into a promenade-style park.

The classic pirate ship restaurant scene in the film is located in Mingfa Commercial Plaza, with a "magical" layout like a maze.

At the end of the film, second of time rode an electric car to find his brother, and the Yanwu Bridge passed by extended to the sea, which is the closest bridge to the sea level in the world at present.

It is no exaggeration to describe Xiamen, a city on the southeast border, with "poetry and distance".

　

As a recognized "natural studio", many well-known film and television crews such as Crazy Racing came here to shoot.

　

Xiamen film and television company is also deeply involved in the production of film and television dramas, such as this year’s hit "Long Season". The TV series "Top Secret Mission" produced by Xiamen, Minning Town, also gained high ratings.

Since 2019, China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival has settled in Xiamen for a long time. At the beginning of June, the first China TV drama conference opened in Xiamen. It can be said that Xiamen and the film and television industry are going in both directions.

　

Fantasy and reality: "My brother becomes her brother" is precious.

Steal second of time’s pocket money, put flour in the hair dryer, and tie second of time’s braid to the bedside with a headrope … … "Laugh and hide the base" is constantly damaging, and it is always fooling second of time. Unbearable, second of time made a wish on his birthday to "take my brother away quickly"!

Therefore, the film adopts the setting of "My brother becomes her brother", which makes Time become the brother of my best friend Miaomiao.

　

The setting of "changing brothers" uses surreal expression techniques, just as Zhong Charlotte unexpectedly returns to youth and finally realizes life and finds true love, or as Zhong Jia Xiaoling accidentally travels back 20 years and meets her mother Li Huanying, who is in her youth.

They all have something in common: setting up "conflict+reversal", the jokes in the first half are paved and transformed into sensational tears in the second half.

In the film, second of time gradually sees the truth: my brother teases her every day because he doesn’t want her to see the broken relationship between her parents, and collecting puzzles in an unreliable way is also to fulfill her wish … …

At the end of the film, second of time and Minute are facing each other across the train track. Her sentence "Brother, you left me behind" makes the strong Minute unable to control the tears in her eyes any more. The film ends with "Grow Up with Me" sung by Clare.

Because of the second hand, the minute hand will turn. This movie can be called good-looking every minute. Come to the movie channel at 15:32 on June 14th to watch this fantasy comedy with tears in laughter!

Cctv newsAccording to the website of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on the Management of Human Genetic Resources was deliberated and adopted at the 3rd ministerial meeting of the Ministry of Science and Technology on May 11, 2023, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of July 1, 2023.

Detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations on the management of human genetic resources

Chapter I General Principles

　　the first 　In order to effectively protect and rationally utilize China’s human genetic resources, and safeguard public health, national security and social public interests, these Detailed Rules are formulated in accordance with the Biosafety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Management of Human Genetic Resources (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) and other relevant laws and administrative regulations.

　　the second 　The collection, preservation, utilization and provision of China’s human genetic resources shall abide by these detailed rules.

　　The information of human genetic resources mentioned in Article 2 of the Regulations includes information materials such as human genes and genome data generated by using human genetic resources.

　　The information of human genetic resources mentioned in the preceding paragraph does not include clinical data, imaging data, protein data and metabolic data.

　　Article 　The Ministry of Science and Technology (hereinafter referred to as the Ministry of Science and Technology) is responsible for the management of national human genetic resources investigation, administrative licensing, supervision and inspection, and administrative punishment.

　　The Ministry of Science and Technology entrusts relevant organizations according to law to carry out formal examination and technical review of the application materials for administrative license of human genetic resources, as well as filing, prior reporting, supervision and inspection and administrative punishment of human genetic resources.

　　Article 4 　The Science and Technology Departments (commissions and bureaus) of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the Science and Technology Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (hereinafter referred to as the provincial administrative department of science and technology) are responsible for the management of the following human genetic resources in this region:

　　(1) Supervision, inspection and daily management of human genetic resources;

　　(two) investigation and handling of illegal cases of human genetic resources within the scope of their functions and powers;

　　(three) according to the Ministry of science and technology, to carry out the investigation of human genetic resources in this region, the administrative licensing of human genetic resources, and the investigation and handling of illegal cases of human genetic resources.

　　Article 5 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall strengthen the supervision of human genetic resources, equip administrative law enforcement personnel, carry out supervision and inspection of human genetic resources activities according to their functions and powers, and perform their duties of supervision and management of human genetic resources according to law.

　　Article 6 　The Ministry of Science and Technology employs experts in life science and technology, medicine, health, ethics, law and information security to form an expert advisory committee on human genetic resources management to provide decision-making consultation and technical support for the management of human genetic resources throughout the country.

　　Article 7 　The Ministry of Science and Technology supports the rational use of human genetic resources to carry out scientific research, develop biomedical industry, improve diagnosis and treatment technology, strengthen management and supervision of human genetic resources, optimize examination and approval services, improve examination and approval efficiency, promote standardization of examination and approval and information disclosure, and improve management and service levels.

Chapter II General Requirements

　　Article 8 　The collection, preservation, utilization and external provision of China’s human genetic resources shall conform to ethical principles and pass the ethical review of the ethics (review) Committee that has been filed with the relevant administrative departments. Ethical review shall comply with laws, administrative regulations and relevant provisions of the state.

　　Article 9 　The collection, preservation, utilization and external provision of human genetic resources in China shall respect and protect the rights and interests of providers of human genetic resources, such as privacy and personal information, and obtain written informed consent according to regulations to ensure that the legitimate rights and interests of providers of human genetic resources are not infringed.

　　Article 10 　The collection, preservation, utilization and external provision of China’s human genetic resources shall comply with the relevant requirements and technical specifications of scientific and technological activities, including but not limited to standards, norms and procedures.

　　Article 11 　The collection and preservation of China’s human genetic resources in China or the provision of China’s human genetic resources abroad must be carried out by China’s scientific research institutions, universities, medical institutions or enterprises (hereinafter referred to as Chinese units). Domestic-funded real control institutions located in Hong Kong and Macao are regarded as Chinese units.

　　Overseas organizations, institutions established or actually controlled by overseas organizations and individuals (hereinafter referred to as foreign units) and overseas individuals shall not collect and preserve China’s human genetic resources within China, and shall not provide China’s human genetic resources to overseas.

　　Article 12 　The institutions established or actually controlled by overseas organizations and individuals mentioned in Article 11 of these Rules include the following situations:

　　(a) overseas organizations and individuals hold or indirectly hold more than 50% of the shares, equity, voting rights, property shares or other similar rights and interests of the institution;

　　(2) Overseas organizations and individuals hold or indirectly hold less than 50% of the shares, equity, voting rights, property shares or other similar rights and interests of the institution, but their voting rights or other rights and interests are sufficient to dominate or exert significant influence on the decision-making and management of the institution;

　　(three) overseas organizations and individuals through investment relations, agreements or other arrangements, enough to dominate or exert significant influence on the decision-making and management of institutions;

　　(4) Other circumstances stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and rules.

　　Article 13 　Units that collect, preserve, utilize and provide China’s human genetic resources to the outside world shall strengthen the construction of management systems, review the purposes and research plans of scientific research involving human genetic resources, and ensure the legitimate use of human genetic resources.

　　Article 14 　To use China’s human genetic resources to carry out international scientific research cooperation, we should ensure that Chinese units and their researchers participate in the whole process and substantially, and share relevant rights and interests according to law. In the process of international scientific research cooperation, all records, data and information generated by using China’s human genetic resources should be completely open to Chinese units, and backup should be provided to Chinese units.

　　Article 15 　The Ministry of Science and Technology has strengthened the informatization construction of human genetic resources management, established an open and unified information system platform for administrative licensing, filing and safety review of human genetic resources, provided convenience for applicants to handle administrative licensing, filing and other matters through the Internet, promoted real-time dynamic management, and realized traceability and inquiry of human genetic resources management information.

　　Article 16 　The Ministry of Science and Technology, together with relevant departments of the State Council and provincial administrative departments of science and technology, will promote the preservation of human genetic resources by scientific research institutions, institutions of higher learning, medical institutions and enterprises in China according to laws and regulations, and promote the construction of standardized and standardized basic platforms and big data for the preservation of human genetic resources, and open them to relevant scientific research institutions, institutions of higher learning, medical institutions and enterprises in accordance with relevant state regulations.

　　Article 17 　In response to public health emergencies and other emergencies, the Ministry of Science and Technology has established a rapid examination and approval mechanism, and the application for administrative license of human genetic resources involved in emergency response should be expedited.

　　The Ministry of Science and Technology shall, in accordance with the principle of unified command, high efficiency and scientific examination and approval, speed up the organization of the acceptance, evaluation and examination of the application for administrative license. The circumstances, procedures, time limits and requirements of quick approval shall be stipulated separately by the Ministry of Science and Technology.

　　Article 18 　The Ministry of Science and Technology has formulated and timely released service guides and demonstration texts for the collection, preservation, utilization and external provision of human genetic resources in China, providing convenient and professional guidance and services for applicants to handle administrative licensing and filing of human genetic resources.

　　Article 19 　The Ministry of Science and Technology regularly trains scientific researchers and managers of relevant departments engaged in the collection, preservation, utilization and external provision of human genetic resources, so as to enhance their legal awareness and sense of responsibility and enhance their management and service capabilities.

　　Article 20 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall establish and constantly improve the measures to prevent and control the risks of clean government, improve the supervision and restriction mechanism, and strengthen the supervision of the important links and key positions in the management of human genetic resources in their own organs.

Chapter III Investigation and Registration

　　Article 21 　The Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for organizing the national survey of human genetic resources. Entrusted by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the provincial administrative department of science and technology is responsible for the investigation of human genetic resources in this region.

　　Article 22 　The national survey of human genetic resources is carried out every five years, and can be carried out according to actual needs when necessary.

　　Article 23 　The Ministry of Science and Technology organizes experts in related fields to formulate a national work plan for the investigation of human genetic resources. The provincial administrative department of science and technology shall, after completing the investigation of human genetic resources in this region, timely summarize the survey data and information obtained and submit them to the Ministry of Science and Technology.

　　Article 24 　On the basis of the national survey of human genetic resources, the Ministry of Science and Technology organized research on important genetic families and human genetic resources in specific areas, gradually established an inventory of important genetic families and human genetic resources in specific areas in China, and revised and improved it in a timely manner.

　　Article 25 　The Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for the registration of important genetic families and human genetic resources in specific areas, formulating management measures for declaration and registration, and establishing an information service platform for declaration and registration management.

　　Article 26 　Scientific research institutions, institutions of higher learning, medical institutions and enterprises in China shall timely declare important genetic families and human genetic resources in specific areas through the registration management information service platform.

Chapter IV Administrative Licensing and Filing

Section 1 Administrative License for Collection and Preservation

　　Article 27 　The administrative license for the collection of human genetic resources is applicable to the following activities to be carried out in China:

　　(1) Collection activities of human genetic resources of important genetic families. An important genetic family refers to a blood-related group with hereditary diseases, hereditary special physique or physiological characteristics, and the members of this group with hereditary diseases and hereditary special physique or physiological characteristics involve three or more generations, excluding common diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, red-green color blindness and hemophilia. Important genetic families discovered for the first time shall be declared in a timely manner in accordance with the provisions of Article 26 of these Rules.

　　(2) Collection activities of human genetic resources in specific areas. Human genetic resources in a specific area refer to those that have lived in isolation or special environment for a long time and have special physical characteristics or adaptive traits in physiological characteristics. Specific areas are not divided according to whether they are inhabited by ethnic minorities.

　　(three) for large-scale population research and the number of people more than 3000 cases of human genetic resources collection activities. Large-scale population studies include but are not limited to cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, clinical studies, and physical studies. The collection of human genetic resources involved in clinical trials to obtain the marketing license of related drugs and medical devices in China is not included, and there is no need to apply for an administrative license for the collection of human genetic resources.

　　Article 28 　The administrative license for the preservation of human genetic resources is applicable to the activities of preserving human genetic resources in China and providing a basic platform for scientific research.

　　The preservation of human genetic resources refers to the act of preserving human genetic resources with legal sources in suitable environmental conditions to ensure their quality and safety for future scientific research, excluding the temporary storage for teaching purposes after laboratory testing in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations or clinical research programs.

　　Article 29 　Where the activities for the preservation of human genetic resources that should be applied for administrative license involve the collection of human genetic resources at the same time, the applicant only needs to apply for the administrative license for the preservation of human genetic resources, and does not need to apply for the administrative license for the collection of human genetic resources separately.

　　Article 30 　The entity preserving human genetic resources shall, in accordance with the provisions of Article 15 of the Regulations, submit an annual report on its preservation of human genetic resources in the previous year to the Ministry of Science and Technology before January 31 of each year. The annual report shall contain the following contents:

　　(1) The preserved human genetic resources;

　　(2) Information on the source and use of human genetic resources;

　　(three) the implementation of the management system related to the preservation of human genetic resources;

　　(4) Maintenance and changes of the sites, facilities and equipment used by the entity to preserve human genetic resources;

　　(five) the change of the main management personnel responsible for the preservation work of this unit.

　　Units that preserve human genetic resources shall strengthen management to ensure that the preserved human genetic resources come from legal sources. The Ministry of Science and Technology organizes provincial administrative departments of science and technology to conduct spot checks on the preservation activities of human genetic resources preservation units in this region every year.

Section 2 Administrative Licensing and Filing of International Cooperation

　　Article 31 　The application for the administrative license of international scientific research cooperation on human genetic resources shall pass the ethical examination of the countries (regions) where the two parties are located. If the foreign unit is really unable to provide the certification materials for the ethical review of the host country (region), it may submit the certification materials that the foreign unit approves the ethical review opinions of the Chinese unit.

　　Article 32 　In order to obtain the marketing license of related drugs and medical devices in China, if the clinical medical and health institutions use China’s human genetic resources to carry out international cooperative clinical trials, which do not involve the exit of human genetic resources materials, approval is not required, but it shall meet one of the following circumstances, and the types, quantities and uses of human genetic resources to be used shall be filed with the Ministry of Science and Technology before the clinical trials are carried out:

　　(1) The collection, detection and analysis of human genetic resources and the disposal of the remaining human genetic resources are carried out in clinical medical and health institutions;

　　(2) The human genetic resources involved are collected in clinical medical and health institutions, and the domestic units designated by the clinical trial scheme for marketing licenses of related drugs and medical devices are tested, analyzed and the remaining samples are processed.

　　The clinical medical and health institutions mentioned in the preceding paragraph refer to medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions that have filed with relevant departments in China and conducted clinical trials according to law.

　　In order to obtain the exploratory research part involved in the clinical trial of relevant drugs and medical devices listed in China, an administrative license for international scientific research cooperation of human genetic resources should be applied.

　　Article 33 　The administrative license for international scientific research cooperation and the filing of international cooperative clinical trials shall be jointly applied by Chinese units and foreign units. All parties to the cooperation shall make a commitment to the authenticity, accuracy and completeness of the application materials and information.

　　If the international scientific research cooperation and international cooperative clinical trial of human genetic resources to be carried out involve multi-center clinical research, it shall not apply for administrative license or filing after splitting.

　　Article 34 　To carry out multi-center clinical research, the leader unit can apply for administrative license or filing by the applicant or leader unit after passing the ethical review.

　　After the applicant or the leader unit has obtained the administrative license or completed the filing, the medical and health institutions participating in the clinical research will submit the certification materials of the ethical review documents of the unit or the approval documents provided by the leader unit and the commitment letter issued by the unit to the Ministry of Science and Technology, and then the international cooperative clinical research can be carried out.

　　Article 35 　Both parties who have obtained the administrative license for international scientific research cooperation or completed the filing of international cooperative clinical trials shall jointly submit a report on cooperative research to the Ministry of Science and Technology within six months after the expiration of the effective period of the administrative license or filing. The report on cooperative research shall contain the following contents:

　　(a) changes in the purpose and content of the study;

　　(two) the implementation of the research program;

　　(three) the completion of the research content;

　　(four) the use and disposal of human genetic resources in China;

　　(five) all records in the research process and the recording, storage and use of data and information;

　　(six) the whole process and substantial participation of Chinese units and their researchers in the research and the participation of foreign units in the research;

　　(seven) the output, ownership and distribution of rights and interests of research results;

　　(eight) the ethical review involved in the study.

Section 3 Prior Report on External Provision and Open Use

　　Article 36 　If the information of human genetic resources is provided or made available to overseas organizations, individuals and institutions established or actually controlled by them, the Chinese information owner shall report to the Ministry of Science and Technology in advance and submit information backup. To report to the Ministry of Science and Technology in advance, the following information shall be submitted:

　　(a) the purpose and purpose of providing or opening up the use of information on human genetic resources in China to overseas organizations and individuals and institutions established or actually controlled by them;

　　(2) Providing or opening up the use of China’s human genetic resources information and information backup to overseas organizations and individuals and institutions established or actually controlled by them;

　　(3) Basic information about overseas organizations and individuals receiving information on human genetic resources and the institutions established or actually controlled by them;

　　(4) Providing or opening up the potential risk assessment of the protection of human genetic resources in China to overseas organizations and individuals and their established or actually controlled institutions.

　　During the implementation of international scientific research cooperation that has obtained administrative license or international cooperative clinical trials that have been filed, if the Chinese unit provides the information of human genetic resources produced by the cooperation to the foreign unit, if it has been agreed in the international cooperation agreement that it will be used by both parties, it is not necessary to report in advance and submit information backup separately.

　　Article 37 　The provision or open use of human genetic resources information to overseas organizations, individuals and institutions established or actually controlled by them may affect China’s public health, national security and social public interests, and shall pass the safety review organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology.

　　The situations that should be reviewed for safety include:

　　(1) Information on human genetic resources of important genetic families;

　　(2) Information on human genetic resources in specific areas;

　　(3) Exon sequencing and genome sequencing information resources with more than 500 cases;

　　(four) other circumstances that may affect China’s public health, national security and social public interests.

　　Article 38 　The Ministry of Science and Technology shall, jointly with relevant departments, formulate safety review rules, organize experts in relevant fields to conduct safety assessment, and make a review decision according to the safety assessment opinions.

　　In the process of exporting human genetic resources, if the related items involve the scope of export control, they must abide by the national export control laws and regulations.

The fourth section administrative licensing, filing and prior reporting process

　　Article 39 　If the applicant’s application materials are complete and the form meets the requirements, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall accept and issue a paper or electronic certificate stamped with a special seal and dated.

　　If the application materials are incomplete or inconsistent with the statutory form, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall inform the applicant of all the contents that need to be supplemented at one time within five working days from the date of receiving the formal application materials.

　　Article 40 　The Ministry of Science and Technology shall set up an expert database and establish an expert management system according to the needs of technical review and safety review.

　　The Ministry of Science and Technology selects evaluation experts from the expert database in a random way, conducts technical evaluation on the application for administrative license of human genetic resources, and conducts safety assessment on the external provision or open use of human genetic resources information that should be subject to safety review. Technical review opinions and safety assessment opinions are used as reference for making administrative licensing decisions or safety review decisions.

　　Experts generally participate in technical review and safety review by network, and when necessary, they can use meetings, on-site surveys and other means.

　　Article 41 　The Ministry of Science and Technology shall, within 20 working days from the date of acceptance, make an administrative licensing decision on the application for administrative licensing of human genetic resources. If an administrative licensing decision cannot be made within twenty working days, it may be extended for ten working days with the approval of the person in charge of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the reasons for the extension shall be informed to the applicant.

　　Article 42 　When the Ministry of Science and Technology makes a decision on administrative licensing, which requires hearing, inspection, inspection, quarantine, appraisal and technical review according to law, the time required shall not be counted within the time limit specified in Article 41 of these Detailed Rules, but the applicant shall be informed in writing of the time required.

　　Article 43 　After the Ministry of Science and Technology makes a decision on administrative license, it shall inform the applicant in writing of the decision on administrative license and send a copy to the provincial administrative department of science and technology where the applicant is located.

　　A decision to grant an administrative license according to law shall be made public on the website of the Ministry of Science and Technology. If a decision is made not to grant an administrative license according to law, the reasons shall be explained, and the applicant shall be informed of the right to apply for administrative reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit according to law.

　　Article 44 　After obtaining the administrative license for the collection of human genetic resources, the licensee shall apply to the Ministry of Science and Technology for changes in major matters such as the participating units, collection purposes, collection plans or collection contents.

　　Article 45 　After obtaining the administrative license for the preservation of human genetic resources, the licensee shall apply to the Ministry of Science and Technology for changes in the purpose, scheme or content of preservation.

　　Article 46 　After obtaining the administrative license for international scientific research cooperation on human genetic resources, in the process of international scientific research cooperation, the purpose and content of the research change, the type, quantity and use of human genetic resources involved in the research plan change, or other important matters such as the sponsor, the leader unit, the contract research organization and the third-party laboratory change, the licensee shall apply to the Ministry of Science and Technology for change.

　　Article 47 　After obtaining the administrative license for international scientific research cooperation on human genetic resources, the licensee does not need to apply for change in any of the following circumstances, but shall submit a written explanation of the change and corresponding materials to the Ministry of Science and Technology:

　　The research content or research plan remains unchanged, and only involves the change that the total amount does not exceed 10% of the approved amount;

　　The participating units other than the cooperative units listed in Article 46 of these Rules are changed;

　　The name of the partner unit is changed;

　　The research content or research plan is changed, but it does not involve the change of the type, quantity and use of human genetic resources, or the content after the change is not beyond the approved scope.

　　Article 48 　If the licensee applies for changes to the matters listed in Articles 44 to 46 of these Rules, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall review and make a decision on whether to approve the changes. Meet the statutory conditions and standards, the Ministry of science and technology should be changed.

　　Procedures such as acceptance, examination, processing time limit, decision and notification of the application for change shall be implemented with reference to the provisions of Articles 39 to 43 of these Detailed Rules on the application for administrative license.

　　Article 49 　Before the decision on administrative license is made, if the applicant withdraws his application in writing, the Ministry of Science and Technology will terminate the examination of the application for administrative license.

　　Article 50 　Under any of the following circumstances, the Ministry of Science and Technology may revoke the administrative license of human genetic resources at the request of interested parties or according to its functions and powers:

　　(a) breach of privilege, dereliction of duty to make a decision to approve the administrative license;

　　(two) beyond the statutory authority to make a decision to approve the administrative license;

　　(3) Making a decision to grant an administrative license in violation of legal procedures;

　　(4) granting an administrative license to an applicant who is not qualified to apply or does not meet the statutory requirements;

　　(five) other circumstances in which the administrative license can be revoked according to law.

　　If the licensee obtains the administrative license by cheating, bribery or other improper means, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall revoke it.

　　If the administrative license is revoked in accordance with the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, which may cause great harm to the public interest, it shall not be revoked.

　　Article 51 　To apply for the filing of international cooperative clinical trials, the approval documents, notices or filing and registration materials of clinical trials of the drug supervision and administration department shall be obtained in advance.

　　Article 52 　To apply for the filing of international cooperative clinical trials, the following materials shall be submitted:

　　(a) the basic situation of the parties to the cooperation;

　　(2) The types, quantities and uses of human genetic resources involved in the study;

　　(3) Research plan;

　　(four) the approval of the ethical review of the leader unit;

　　(5) Other supporting materials.

　　Article 53 　After the international cooperative clinical trial is put on record, if the types, quantities and uses of human genetic resources involved change, or if the partners, research schemes, research contents and research purposes change, the filer shall timely handle the filing changes.

　　If the change of research plan or research content does not involve the change of the type, quantity and use of human genetic resources, it is not necessary to go through the filing change, but a written explanation of the change and corresponding materials shall be submitted to the Ministry of Science and Technology before the change activity begins.

　　Article 54 　After providing or opening the use of human genetic resources information to overseas organizations, individuals and institutions established or actually controlled by them, and reporting to the Ministry of Science and Technology in advance, if the purpose and recipient of the information change, it shall submit a change report to the Ministry of Science and Technology before the implementation of the change.

　　Article 55 　If the licensee needs to extend the validity of the administrative license, it shall apply to the Ministry of Science and Technology 30 working days before the expiration of the validity of the administrative license. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall, according to the application of the licensee, make a decision on whether to approve the extension before the expiration of the validity period of the administrative license; If no decision is made within the time limit, it shall be deemed that the extension is granted.

　　If the filer needs to extend the validity period of filing, he shall apply to the Ministry of Science and Technology 30 working days before the expiration of the validity period of filing. The Ministry of science and technology shall complete the continuation of the record before the expiration of the validity period of the record; If it is not completed within the time limit, it shall be deemed as having completed the continuation of filing.

Chapter V Supervision and Inspection

　　Article 56 　The Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for the national supervision and inspection of human genetic resources, and the provincial administrative departments of science and technology are responsible for the supervision and inspection of human genetic resources in this region. The supervision and inspection items mainly include:

　　(a) the collection, preservation, utilization and external supply of human genetic resources, the implementation of the main responsibility of the relevant units, the establishment, improvement and implementation of relevant rules and regulations;

　　(2) Information on the collection, preservation and utilization of human genetic resources by the relevant units that have been approved for the human genetic resources project, and information on the exit, external provision, open use and use after leaving the country;

　　(three) the disposal of surplus materials, intellectual property rights and benefit sharing of human genetic resources;

　　(four) the authenticity of the record items of human genetic resources;

　　(five) other matters that the Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology think need supervision and inspection.

　　Article 57 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall prepare the annual supervision and inspection plan and implement the risk management of human genetic resources.

　　The annual supervision and inspection plan shall include inspection items, inspection methods, inspection frequency, sampling items and sampling proportion.

　　Article 58 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall increase the frequency of supervision and inspection of units that have been subjected to administrative punishment for illegal acts of human genetic resources in the past three years, that have not been corrected in time because of the management risks of human genetic resources, and that have been recorded in the relevant disciplinary list of dishonesty, and incorporate them into the annual daily supervision and inspection plan and carry out supervision and inspection. Units that have significantly improved their management system and management norms and have not committed illegal acts again may reduce the frequency of supervision and inspection in a timely manner.

　　Article 59 　For other units other than those specified in Article 58 of these Detailed Rules, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology can randomly determine the supervision and inspection items within the scope of human genetic resources activities of the unit, and randomly select supervision and inspection personnel to carry out supervision and inspection.

　　Article 60 　In case of serious illegal acts or temporary and unexpected tasks, as well as problems found through complaints, transfer, data monitoring, etc., the Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology can deploy and carry out special supervision and inspection.

　　Article 61 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall timely record and summarize the daily supervision and inspection information of human genetic resources activities, and improve the daily supervision and inspection measures.

　　Article 62 　When it is found that the subject of supervision and inspection may have the risk of violating the relevant provisions of the Regulations, the Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology may conduct administrative interviews with its legal representative and principal responsible person.

　　Article 63 　If it is found that the object under supervision and inspection may violate the provisions of the Regulations, the Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall investigate and take the following measures when necessary:

　　(1) Taking measures such as recording, copying, photographing and video recording according to law;

　　(two) to take administrative compulsory measures such as sealing up and detaining according to law;

　　(3) Conducting inspection, inspection, quarantine or appraisal of related articles according to law.

　　Article 64 　The Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall implement administrative compulsory measures in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Administrative Compulsory Law of the People’s Republic of China.

　　Article 65 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall adopt or terminate administrative compulsory measures with the approval of the person in charge of this organ.

　　Where compulsory measures of seizure or detention are implemented according to law, a decision and list of seizure or detention shall be made and delivered to the parties on the spot. In case of emergency, failure to seal up or detain in time may affect the investigation of the case, or there are hidden dangers that may lead to the damage and loss of human genetic resources, you can seal up or detain in advance, and fill in a decision on sealing up or detaining within 24 hours and serve it on the parties concerned.

Chapter VI Administrative Punishment

　　Article 66 　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall standardize the exercise of administrative penalty discretion of human genetic resources, comprehensively consider the facts, nature, circumstances and degree of social harm of illegal acts, reasonably determine the types and extent of administrative penalties within the scope stipulated in the Regulations, ensure that the penalty is equivalent, and prevent the abnormal light and heavy.

　　The discretion standard of administrative punishment for human genetic resources shall be separately formulated by the Ministry of Science and Technology and announced to the public.

　　Article 67 　Before making a decision on administrative punishment, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall inform the parties in writing of the contents, facts, reasons and basis of the proposed administrative punishment, and inform them that they have the right to make statements and defend themselves according to law. If the administrative penalty to be imposed falls within the scope of hearing, the party concerned shall also be informed of the right to request a hearing.

　　If a party exercises a statement, defend oneself or requests a hearing, it shall submit it in writing within five working days from the date of service of the notification. If it fails to do so within the time limit, it shall be deemed as giving up the above rights.

　　The Ministry of Science and Technology and the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall not give heavier punishment for the statements, defenses or hearings of the parties.

　　Article 68 　The Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology intends to make the following administrative punishment decision, and if the party requests a hearing, it shall organize a hearing:

　　(1) Imposing a fine of more than 1 million yuan on a legal person or other organization or a fine of more than 100,000 yuan on a citizen;

　　(2) Confiscating the illegal income of legal persons and other organizations of more than 3 million yuan or confiscating the illegal income of citizens of more than 300,000 yuan;

　　(3) It is forbidden to engage in the activities of collecting, preserving, utilizing and providing human genetic resources in China for more than one year;

　　(4) Failing to accept the application for administrative license of human genetic resources for more than two years;

　　(5) Revoking the administrative license of human genetic resources that has been obtained;

　　(6) Other circumstances in which a hearing shall be organized as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 69 　Before the Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology makes a decision on administrative punishment of human genetic resources, the case handling institution of this department shall send the proposed administrative punishment decision and case materials to the working institution responsible for legal review of this department for legal review. No decision shall be made without legal examination or examination.

　　If the administrative penalty decision to be made only involves a warning, there is no need for legal review.

　　Article 70 　After the decision on administrative punishment is made, the Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall, within seven working days, serve the decision on administrative punishment on the parties concerned or other legal recipients in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.

　　Article 71 　The decision on administrative punishment shall be made within 90 days from the date of filing the case. If the case is complicated and the decision on administrative punishment cannot be made within 90 days, it may be extended for 90 days with the approval of the person in charge of this organ. If the case is particularly complicated and the decision on administrative punishment cannot be made after the extension, the person in charge of this organ shall decide whether to continue the extension through collective discussion. Where an extension is decided, a reasonable extension period shall be determined at the same time, but the longest extension period shall not exceed 60 days.

　　In the process of handling a case, the time of hearing, announcement, inspection, inspection, quarantine, appraisal, audit and suspension shall not be included in the time limit for handling a case referred to in the first paragraph of this article.

　　Article 72 　The illegal gains stipulated in Articles 36, 39, 41, 42 and 43 of the Regulations shall be calculated by deducting appropriate reasonable expenses from all the income obtained from the implementation of illegal acts; If it is difficult to calculate, the value of human genetic resources involved in the illegal act or the amount of funds invested for human genetic resources shall be regarded as illegal income.

　　Article 73 　In the supervision and inspection of human genetic resources or the investigation and handling of illegal cases, it is found that the relevant citizens, legal persons or other organizations do not have the storage conditions for human genetic resources, and the Ministry of Science and Technology or the provincial administrative department of science and technology shall organize the transfer of their stored human genetic resources to a unit with storage conditions for temporary storage.

　　Article 74 　The provincial administrative department of science and technology shall, within fifteen working days from the date of making the decision on administrative punishment, submit a copy of the case handling and the decision on administrative punishment to the Ministry of Science and Technology.

　　Article 75 　The Ministry of Science and Technology has the right to supervise the administrative punishment of human genetic resources implemented by the provincial administrative department of science and technology, and order the relevant illegal or improper acts to make corrections according to law.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 76 　The provisions concerning the time limit in these Detailed Rules are marked as working days, excluding legal holidays; If it is not indicated as a working day, it is a natural day.

　　Article 77 　The "above" and "not exceeding" mentioned in these Detailed Rules all include this number, while "greater than" and "insufficient" do not include this number.

　　Article 78 　These Rules shall come into force as of July 1, 2023.