Avian influenza (AI) is an acute infectious disease of poultry caused by influenza A virus in orthomyxoviridae. According to the classification of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins on the surface of virus particles, it can be divided into many serotypes, and the pathogenicity is different among different serotypes and different strains of the same serotype. At present, the epidemic avian influenza in China is mainly caused by H9 subtype with moderate virulence, which drastically reduces the laying rate of laying hens from 90%-95% to 20%, causing huge economic losses.
　　　　1 Clinical symptoms and pathological changes
　　　　The clinical symptoms caused by the infection of chickens with certain immunity by H9 subtype below moderate virulence or highly virulent strain are generally subacute. Laying hens mainly show different degrees of respiratory symptoms and egg production decline. At autopsy, the larynx and trachea were congested and bleeding, and the blood vessels were blocked by cheese. The fallopian tube is often swollen and filled with albumin-like viscous liquid containing pus. Edema often occurs in the tubal wall and tissues around the fallopian tube.
　　　　2 diagnosis
　　　　The diagnosis of avian influenza is very similar to Newcastle disease (ND), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and bronchitis, mycoplasma gallisepticum (NG), infectious rhinitis, avian cholera, egg drop syndrome and other diseases, so it is difficult to make an accurate diagnosis in clinic, and laboratory tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis.
　　　　2.1 The antibody of blood or eggs was detected by AGID or ELISA.
　　　　2.2 Take cloacal or tracheal smears from sick or dead chickens or take samples from tissues for virus detection at autopsy.
　　　　When chickens are infected with avian influenza virus, antibodies are produced in their blood in about 3-10 days. After about 10–14d days, this antibody can be found in the watery suspension of yolk.
　　　　3 prevention and control
　　　　3.1 According to the actual situation of local and chicken flocks, formulate reasonable immunization procedures and carry out immunization to reduce the occurrence of the disease. At present, the inactivated avian influenza vaccine designated by the Ministry of Agriculture is safe and effective, and is playing an important role.
　　　　3.2 Avian influenza virus is highly variable, and avian influenza immunity presents outstanding blood group-specific protection. Therefore, it is still possible that avian influenza will occur after immunization with avian influenza vaccine. Once avian influenza occurs, intramuscular injection with 3 times the amount of NDI vaccine and anti-stress and antibacterial drugs can effectively control the continued occurrence of avian influenza. This is because in the early stage of avian influenza epidemic, when most chickens were not infected with influenza virus, after NDI vaccine was inoculated, NDI Miao element entered the target cell, on the one hand, the vaccine virus was replicated in the cell (but the vaccine virus had no obvious pathogenic effect on chickens), so that the invaded AIV could not be replicated; On the other hand, the target cell is stimulated by ND vaccine nucleic acid, and interferon is synthesized in the cell, which spreads around through the cell membrane and circulates with the blood flow. After being absorbed by other cells, interferon enters the nucleus, induces mRNA, and produces antiviral protein. This antiviral protein does not damage the cell function, but inhibits the synthesis of RNA (or DNA) polymerase that invades the virus, thus inhibiting the replication of the virus and indirectly playing an antiviral role. It can be seen that early emergency inoculation of DNI vaccine can interfere or inhibit the reproduction of AIV in susceptible cells, and achieve the purpose of controlling avian influenza.
　　　　3.3 If chickens have been infected with AIV, it will be counterproductive to inject with IVD vaccine. At this time, traditional Chinese medicine preparations (such as Folium Isatidis, Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.) can be mixed and fed for 3-5 days, and at the same time, ribavirin or amantadine and antibiotics can be used to drink water, which can relieve symptoms, reduce secondary infection, reduce death and resume laying eggs in advance. Because bird flu has seriously damaged the reproductive system of chickens, it takes a process to restore egg production. With the above drugs, after the diet of chickens returns to normal, the traditional Chinese medicine Zengdan Powder can be fed for 5-10 days, and adding electrolytic multivitamins to drinking water can help restore ovarian function and promote the early recovery of egg production rate.
　　　　3.4 Avian influenza and Newcastle disease are particularly similar in clinical symptoms and pathological changes, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis. However, whether it is avian influenza or Newcastle disease, early emergency vaccination with NDI vaccine can achieve the goal of controlling disease development. If the reason is avian influenza, after inoculation with NDI vaccine, interferon can be produced to interfere with the reproduction of AIV, thus achieving the purpose of controlling avian influenza; If it is Newcastle disease, the injection of NDI vaccine will produce interferon on the one hand, interfere with the replication of Newcastle disease virulent virus, and stimulate the body to produce ND antibody on the other hand, thus achieving the purpose of controlling Newcastle disease.
　　　　3.5 Regular disinfection of the surrounding environment is also a link that cannot be ignored in controlling the disease. AIV is sensitive to water alkali, chlorine preparation, iodine preparation and phenol preparation. (Taiyuan College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024)
　　　　Excerpt from: Livestock and Poultry Industry, No.12, 2002

catalogue

Scene 1 General fire fighting and rescue

Scene 2 high temperature and strong thermal radiation area

Scenario 3 General emergency rescue

Scene 4 Rescue in Deep Well and Confined Space

Scene 5 water rescue

Scene 6 hazardous chemicals area

Scene 7 disposal of blood area

Scene 8 Earthquake, Geological and Meteorological Disasters

Scene 9 Picking a hornet’s nest

Scene 10 Live (explosive) area

Scenario 11 Safety Protection for Correspondents and Drivers

Scene 1 General fire fighting and rescue

Correct example:

Protective equipment: air respirator, face mask, full set of fire fighting suit, fire belt, fire axe, safety hook, fire safety rope, fire helmet, fire gloves, call for help, hand desk, flame retardant headgear, directional light, etc.

Protection requirements: according to the fire hazards, wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating procedures and related standards, and ensure the protection effect. Ensure that the equipment can fit properly, fasten all buttons and cables, and fasten all kinds of belts and shoelaces. Do not wear non-standard or expired protective equipment, and do not carry hard objects unrelated to combat training with you.

Example of error:

Wrong operation:

1. The hat is not properly adjusted, worn loosely, and the empty belt is not fastened.

2, air respirator pressure is insufficient, not more than 25mpa.

3. Fire gloves and boots were damaged and not replaced in time.

4. The mask obviously has air tightness problems, and there is no flame retardant hood.

Scene 2 high temperature and strong thermal radiation area

Correct example:

Protective equipment:

Air respirator, mask, full set of heat insulation clothes, full set of fire protection clothes, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating procedures and related standards to ensure the protection effect. Ensure that the equipment can fit properly, wear air respirator well, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged.

Note: the thermal insulation suit can’t touch the flame, otherwise it will be damaged; Fire-proof clothing can resist flame burning. The radiant heat resistance temperature is generally 1000 degrees for heat insulation clothing and 1800 degrees for fire protection clothing.

Example of error:

Wrong operation:

1. Failing to wear gloves for heat insulation clothing as required.

2. Failing to wear thermal insulation clothing and shoe covers as required.

Scene 3 general emergency rescue

Correct example:

Protective equipment:

Emergency helmet, emergency rescue suit, emergency rescue boots, goggles, headlights, hand desk, emergency rescue gloves, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Wear goggles and rescue gloves when working.

Example of error:

Wrong operation:

1. Failure to wear goggles as required

2. Failing to wear rescue boots as required.

3. Failure to wear anti-cutting gloves as required

Scene 4 Rescue in Deep Well and Confined Space

Correct example:

Protective equipment: rescue helmet, rescue suit, rescue boots, goggles, head lamp, hand platform, rescue gloves, air respirator, mask and mobile air supply.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Enter deep wells, confined and enclosed spaces, use air respirator and move gas supply sources to eliminate dangers.

Note: temporarily in a closed space, no fresh air supply, extremely low oxygen content in the well, coupled with some perishable objects, temporary fermentation mildew, easy to form a large number of flammable and toxic gases accumulation, flammable and toxic gases; There are many emergencies. You must take full personal protection before taking action.

Scene 5 water rescue

Correct example:

Protective equipment: water rescue helmet, rescue suit, rescue boots, headlights, fire life jackets, torrent life jackets, safety ropes, safety hooks, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged.

Error example

Error operation

1, water rescue shall not wear civilian life jackets.

2, water rescue shall not wear boots.

3, water rescue shall not wear ordinary helmet.

Scene 6 hazardous chemicals area

Correct example

Protective equipment: heavy chemical protective clothing, light chemical protective clothing, air respirator, face mask and necessary equipment according to the relevant environment.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Pay attention to check whether the air tightness is good, and do not use outdated equipment.

Note: Heavy chemical protective clothing (Grade I) should be worn when working in the hazardous area where hazardous chemicals leak. Light chemical protective clothing (Grade II) should be worn when working in light and dangerous areas. Wash the chemical protective clothing thoroughly before unloading, and do not directly contact the surface of the chemical protective clothing during unloading.

Example of error:

Error operation

1. The head of chemical protective clothing is obviously not well worn, and the head shows a big gap.

2. The belt of chemical protective clothing is not fastened

3. Insufficient pressure in air respirator.

Scene 7 disposal of blood area

Correct example

Protective equipment: rescue helmet, rescue suit, rescue boots, goggles, headlights, medical masks, medical gloves, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Pay attention to personal hygiene and replace disposable medical supplies in time.

Scene 8 Earthquake, Geological and Meteorological Disasters

Correct example:

Protective equipment: rescue helmet, rescue suit, rescue boots, goggles, headlights, medical masks, emergency rescue kits (safety ropes, sabers, first aid kits, raincoats, etc.), elbow pads and knee pads, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Ensure that all kinds of rescue equipment are complete and expired items are replaced in time.

Scene 9 Picking a hornet’s nest

Correct example

Protective equipment: anti-bee suit (set), insecticide, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Fasten all buttons and do not work with sharp objects.

Scene 10 Live (explosive) area

Correct example:

Protective equipment: insulating clothing (sets), electroscope, anti-static clothing (complete sets, suitable for inflammable and explosive places), etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Do not work with sharp objects, and do not come into contact with corrosive substances such as oil, acid and alkali.

Scenario 11 Safety Protection for Correspondents and Drivers

Correct example:

Protective equipment: fire helmet, fire fighting suit, fire fighting boots, fire gloves, directional lights, hand desk, communication suit, communication equipment, etc.

Protection requirements: wear clothes in strict accordance with the requirements, strictly abide by the operating rules and relevant standards, ensure the protection effect, ensure that the equipment can fit, strengthen daily inspection, and do not use it if it is damaged. Strengthen the dress awareness of correspondents and drivers, and do not miss the dress.

Example of error:

Error operation

1. The correspondent did not wear protective gloves.

2. The driver is not wearing a protective helmet

Original title: "Correct Demonstration, Wrong Demonstration and Operation of Firefighters Wearing Various Protective Clothing"

Read the original text

　　Cctv news: Pay attention to the latest change in civil aviation. From January 1st next year (2019), China Southern Airlines will withdraw from SkyTeam. Many people who often fly want to know whether the points are still valid after quitting the league. Can I still use the package I bought? What will happen to flying in the future?

　　According to the staff of China Southern Airlines, China Southern Airlines withdrew from SkyTeam on January 1, 2019. 2019 is a transition period, and passengers can still enjoy the same services of the alliance. Passengers who purchase tickets from China Southern Airlines and travel before or including December 31, 2019 can enjoy the same services as SkyTeam, such as redemption of points and lounge service. Passengers who have purchased SkyTeam package tickets and China Southern Airlines tickets sold by SkyTeam member companies still enjoy the same transit service, lounge service and frequent flyer miles service. During the transition period, China Southern will no longer sell SkyTeam package products.

Wu Guoxiang, General Manager of China Southern Airlines International Cooperation Department

　　Wu Guoxiang, General Manager of China Southern Airlines International Cooperation DepartmentWe are also negotiating bilateral cooperation with more airlines around the world. In the future, passengers of China Southern Airlines can not only enjoy the service resources of the alliance, but also enjoy the effective connection between such service resources and flights of other airlines in other alliances.

　　News background: What is an aviation alliance?

　　Many passengers may not know, what is an airline alliance? How does the airline joining different alliances affect our passengers’ flight travel?

　　An airline alliance is a cooperation agreement between two or more airlines. At present, the three largest aviation alliances in the world are Star Alliance, SkyTeam and OneWorld.

　　For airlines, the alliance can provide a larger aviation network for a single airline, share maintenance facilities, operating equipment and staff, and support ground handling and empty kitchen operations to reduce costs.

　　For passengers, as long as they become VIP customers of any member in an aviation alliance, they can get the corresponding rights of other member airlines in the alliance and enjoy membership treatment in points exchange, VIP room use, priority boarding, upgrade service, transit and luggage.

　　Professor Zou Jianjun of China Civil Aviation Management Cadre CollegeFor ordinary people, it means that I can go to those places and how many flights I can choose in a day. Now their alliance or deep cooperation is actually providing us with this convenience. Simply put, it is accessibility, which has been greatly improved.

　　It is more convenient for domestic and foreign airlines to cooperate with passengers to take the flight.

　　In recent years, China’s aviation network has been expanding, and the cooperation between domestic airlines and foreign airlines has been deepening. After China Southern withdraws from SkyTeam, it will strengthen cooperation with American airlines. So what changes will the in-depth cooperation between domestic and foreign airlines bring to passengers traveling by air?

　　From 2019, China Southern will cooperate with American Airlines to expand code sharing. After in-depth cooperation between domestic and foreign airlines, first of all, in terms of ticket purchase, passengers can choose more cross-border flights.

　　Wu Guoxiang, General Manager of China Southern Airlines International Cooperation DepartmentAfter the implementation of the sharing and cooperation agreement, it has extended to 21 cities in the United States through the hub of American Airlines. We have 64 flights between China and the United States every day by China Southern Airlines and American Airlines.

　　When flying, domestic and foreign airlines will cooperate to achieve "one vote to the end" for cross-border flights. Take Guangzhou to Washington as an example. Before cooperation, passengers need to buy tickets for two trips from Guangzhou to new york and new york to Washington, and go through check-in and baggage check-in procedures twice. After the cooperation, the check-in procedures during transit will be omitted, and at the same time, the membership mileage and lounge of the two airlines will be shared.

　　Professor Zou Jianjun of China Civil Aviation Management Cadre CollegeThis kind of cooperation between overseas airlines and domestic airlines will make it more and more convenient for us people to enter and leave the country, which means that we will have more and more redundancy.

　　Hubei Daily News (Reporter Huang Junhua, arel) On April 2, Wang Menghui, secretary of the provincial party committee, and Wang Zhonglin, deputy secretary of the provincial party committee and governor, went to the provincial epidemic prevention and control headquarters and Wuhan City to visit the staff, community volunteers and public security police who fought in the front line of epidemic prevention and control, and to investigate and supervise the epidemic prevention and control work. Wang Menghui stressed that it is necessary to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on epidemic prevention and control at the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee meeting, adhere to the general strategy of "external defense input and internal defense rebound", adhere to the general policy of "dynamic zero clearing", pay close attention to all aspects of epidemic prevention and control, and continuously consolidate and expand the decisive achievements of epidemic prevention and control. We must persist in striving for progress while maintaining stability, better coordinate epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on economic and social development.

　　At the provincial epidemic prevention and control headquarters, the provincial leaders listened to the current epidemic situation analysis and the report on the epidemic prevention and control work. Wang Menghui pointed out that it is necessary to keep in mind the important instruction of the Supreme Leader General Secretary that "persistence is victory", always tighten the string of epidemic prevention and control, strengthen confidence, persevere, and grasp all prevention and control measures strictly. The epidemic prevention and control command system at all levels in the province should be kept active, and the working mechanism should be continuously improved to ensure efficient and sensitive operation. It is necessary to compact the "four-party responsibility", resolutely and effectively handle the local imported epidemic, and resolutely hold the bottom line that there will be no large-scale rebound of the epidemic. It is necessary to continue to promote vaccination and further improve the vaccination rate of "one old and one small". With the coming of holidays in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the mobility of people is increasing. It is necessary to make scientific judgments, make good plans, improve the level of scientific and accurate prevention and control, and constantly optimize the measures for epidemic prevention and control, so as to make the prevention and control work more targeted.

　　Subsequently, the provincial leaders came to the East Lake New Town Community to inspect the entrance and exit of the community, learn more about the prevention and control of the normalized epidemic situation in the community, volunteer service, etc., and relive the enthusiasm of the Supreme Leader General Secretary when he visited the East Lake New Town Community in March 2020. Wang Menghui said that the decisive achievements in the Hubei and Wuhan defense wars for epidemic prevention and control are fundamentally due to the wise command and steering of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the strong leadership and scientific response of the CPC Central Committee, the strong support of the people of the whole country and all sectors, and the joint efforts of the heroic Hubei and Wuhan people, which fully demonstrates the strong vitality and remarkable superiority of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. We should always bear in mind the earnest entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, adhere to the people first and life first, vigorously carry forward the great anti-epidemic spirit, speed up the construction of a grass-roots social governance pattern led by party building, give play to the main role of the masses, and jointly guard the important barrier of community prevention and control.

　　Fuhe Expressway Bayou is an important passage to Han. Provincial leaders came to the quarantine inspection point at the bayonet, carefully inspected the registration area, inspection area and observation area, learned more about the inspection of health code and travel code, nucleic acid registration and sampling process, and listened to the introduction of the "landing inspection" at the bayonet. Wang Menghui stressed that it is necessary to strictly implement the landing inspection at important checkpoints, implement export inspection measures such as highways, airports and railway stations, do a good job in information registration, transshipment isolation and nucleic acid detection for those who come to and return from Hubei in high-risk areas in China, and resolutely put all measures for external defense and import into place. It is necessary to scientifically guide the traffic flow and ensure the smooth and orderly traffic.

　　Located at Jinqiao Avenue in Jiang ‘an District, the centralized isolation point is mainly used for the centralized isolation of people coming to and returning from Han in medium and high-risk areas in China. Provincial leaders came outside the isolation point to see the operation management and service guarantee of the isolation point by video. Wang Menghui pointed out that the current situation of epidemic prevention and control is still severe and complicated, and the task of standardized management and risk management and control in isolated places is arduous, and we must not relax for an instant. It is necessary to strictly implement the closed-loop management measures of isolation points, strengthen daily disinfection, body temperature monitoring and nucleic acid detection, and prevent cross-infection and risk spillover. It is necessary to adhere to the prevention of people, things and the environment, do a good job in prevention and control of key places such as isolation points, schools, hospitals, nursing homes and prisons, and build a "firewall" and a dense prevention and control network.

　　Wuhan Traffic Control Center is jointly established by the municipal public security, health care, disease control and other departments. Provincial leaders came here to listen to the introduction of flow investigation, organization system and closed-loop management. Wang Menghui pointed out that epidemic control is the basic work of epidemic prevention and control, and it is the key to cut off the epidemic transmission chain. It is necessary to conscientiously sum up the practical experience of the flow adjustment work, strengthen the monitoring and early warning of high-risk posts and key areas, and put the work ahead. In the event of an epidemic, the work of tracing the source, investigation and control, isolation and treatment should be started quickly to minimize the risk of epidemic spread and achieve the maximum prevention and control effect with the least cost.

　　Provincial leaders Guo Yuanqiang, Dong Weimin, Zhao Haishan, Yang Yunyan and Xu Wenhai participated in relevant activities respectively.

　　According to the website of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission on October 9th, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students, proposing to establish and improve the grading early warning and intervention mechanism for students’ psychological crisis. For students with psychological problems found in their daily work and psychological assessment, the school should organize relevant professionals inside and outside the school to make judgments, work with parents to formulate targeted intervention plans, make timely adjustments, and dynamically track the effectiveness of intervention. When students have serious psychological crisis, such as suicide, self-injury, wounding and destroying things, the school promptly assists parents to send them to the hospital for medical treatment. Each school in primary and secondary schools should be equipped with at least one full-time mental health education teacher. Schools with more than 500 students, schools run by groups, and schools run by multiple schools should appropriately increase the number of psychological teachers.

　　The full text is as follows:

　　Notice of Beijing Municipal Education Commission on Strengthening the Management of Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students

　　In order to implement the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening the Management of Students’ Mental Health (No.10 [2021] of the Department of Education and Political Affairs), promote the construction of a trinity mental health education system of "school, family and society", effectively strengthen professional support and scientific management, further improve the pertinence and effectiveness of students’ mental health work, focus on improving students’ mental health literacy, and enhance their ability to control their emotions, cope with setbacks and adapt to the environment, we hereby notify the relevant requirements.

　　First, strengthen the source management, and comprehensively improve students’ mental health literacy.

　　1. Strengthen the construction of mental health courses. Schools should play the role of the main channel of classroom teaching, help students master mental health knowledge and skills, and establish a sense of self-help, mutual assistance and help. According to the requirements of full grade coverage, mental health education is carried out in the form of mental health education activity classes, class team meetings, group counseling, psychological training, special education activities, special lectures, etc., and mental health education classes are included in the school-based curriculum. Strengthen mental health education at important time points such as freshmen’s entrance, graduation, and before and after mid-term and final exams. In strict accordance with the Outline of Mental Health Education for Primary and Secondary Schools in Beijing (Revised), the contents of mental health education are implemented, and at the same time, various forms of life education and frustration education are arranged to guide students to learn to face setbacks and difficulties rationally.

　　2. Vigorously cultivate students’ positive psychological quality. Adhere to the unity of mental health education and ideological and moral education, guide students to establish lofty ideals, cultivate feelings of home and country, inherit the spirit of struggle, and cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude towards life and perseverance. Give full play to the important role of physical education, aesthetic education, labor education and campus culture, and promote the healthy development of students’ psychology in all directions. Strictly implement the rigid requirements of physical education class and aesthetic education, actively promote Chinese traditional sports, extensively carry out popular sports and rich artistic practice activities, systematically strengthen labor education in combination with the characteristics of each school segment, and attract students to actively participate in various healthy and progressive campus cultural life and student club activities. Through publicity window, corridor display board, electronic screen, class blackboard newspaper, etc., we will carry out popular science propaganda on mental health, effectively cultivate students’ psychological quality of cherishing and loving life, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.

　　3. Classify and channel various pressures as early as possible. Adhere to the combination of development-oriented and preventive intervention, and take active measures to avoid psychological crisis caused by stress that cannot be alleviated in view of the psychological imbalance that students may encounter in study, life, interpersonal relationship and self-awareness. Pay attention to caring for and helping students who encounter difficulties in learning and have poor academic performance. Teachers should give individual guidance in time, encourage peer assistance among students, and help students relieve psychological pressure and boost their learning confidence. Pay timely attention to students with financial difficulties, students from single-parent families, students with physical disabilities or serious health problems, left-behind children and migrant children, care about students’ lives, and foresee and effectively solve students’ psychological problems. Timely understand the difficulties and problems that students encounter in interpersonal communication and collective life, and carry out targeted individual conversations and group counseling to help students establish a correct outlook on life and values.

　　4. Strengthen the joint efforts of schools, families and social education. Adhere to the school-led and multi-party cooperation to promote. The school timely understands whether students have early psychological trauma, major family changes, and tense parent-child relationship, and actively seeks effective support from students’ family members and related personnel. Through parents’ school, home visits and other forms, help parents understand the psychological characteristics and laws of their children’s age, guide parents to pay scientific attention to and care for students’ mental health, create a good family atmosphere, improve their awareness and ability to identify and deal with children’s psychological problems, and prevent children’s psychological problems from being caused by family conflicts or improper education methods. Make full use of radio, television, online media and other platforms and channels to spread mental health knowledge and actively create a social environment conducive to the healthy growth of students.

　　Two, strengthen the process management, improve the ability of early detection and the level of daily counseling.

　　5. Do a good job in mental health assessment. Actively rely on professional strength and means, regularly carry out students’ mental health assessment, improve the screening and early warning mechanism, and implement accurate intervention as soon as possible. District education committees should set up or rely on relevant professional institutions to take the lead in organizing primary and secondary schools in the region to carry out mental health assessment, conduct a mental health assessment for senior primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools every year, establish and enrich students’ mental health database, guide schools to scientifically use the results of students’ mental health assessment, and promote the establishment of "one life, one policy" psychological growth files. For students with obvious psychological problems, we should strengthen the construction and management of students’ psychological files.

　　6. Strengthen daily early warning and prevention. Schools should establish "classes — Grade — The school’s three-level early warning information reporting mechanism ensures that students’ psychological crisis can be warned, reported and handled in time. In-depth promotion of on-the-spot home visits, at least once a semester for students who need to pay attention to life difficulties, learning difficulties or mental health problems. When students are found to have major changes in their thinking, great fluctuations in their studies, major changes, major setbacks and obvious anomalies, they should conduct home visits in time and record the communication between home and school in students’ psychological files. Mental health teachers and class teachers should communicate closely with parents to strengthen psychological counseling and help children tide over the difficulties. Students with extreme behavioral tendencies should be given timely intervention and help.

　　7. Strengthen psychological counseling services. Establish a three-level psychological counseling service platform for cities, districts and schools. We will build and make good use of the online psychological counseling service platform for teachers and students of Beijing Digital Moral Education Network for primary and secondary schools and the 12355 youth psychological counseling service hotline. The District Education Commission should establish a district-level psychological counseling center for primary and secondary school students, provide immediate psychological counseling for primary and secondary school students in the whole district after class, on weekends and holidays, and provide a 24-hour message platform for psychological problems through websites, WeChat WeChat official account and other channels to answer students’ psychological puzzles in time. All schools should improve the system of duty and appointment for psychological counseling, and meet the needs of students for counseling and help through interviews and telephone calls. Intensify publicity to improve the awareness rate of parents of teachers and students on psychological counseling channels in cities, districts and schools.

　　Third, strengthen the management of results and improve the ability of psychological crisis intervention and disposal.

　　8. Vigorously build a cooperative intervention mechanism between home and school. Establish and improve the grading early warning and intervention mechanism for students’ psychological crisis. For students with psychological problems found in daily work and psychological evaluation, the school should organize relevant professionals inside and outside the school to make judgments, work with parents to formulate targeted intervention plans, make timely adjustments, and dynamically track the effectiveness of intervention. When students have serious psychological crisis, such as suicide, self-injury, wounding and destroying things, the school promptly assists parents to send them to the hospital for medical treatment.

　　9. Actively seek cooperation and support from professional institutions. District education committees and schools should strengthen coordination with health departments, establish a support and cooperation mechanism for mental health education and psychological crisis intervention in schools by mental health medical institutions, and provide professional psychological counseling or psychotherapy for primary and secondary schools. For students with serious psychological crisis beyond the ability of school counseling and intervention, the school should assist parents and refer them to professional institutions for diagnosis and treatment in time.

　　10. Do a good job in the aftermath of student emergencies. After a student has an accident at school due to psychological problems, the school should immediately start the emergency work plan, contact the parents of the students at the first time, and verify the situation and deal with it in time under the guidance of the District Education Commission and the public security departments. In response to possible social concerns, schools should respond in a timely manner in accordance with the principle of openness and transparency, and strive for the support of online information, public security and other departments to do a good job together.

　　Fourth, strengthen security management and increase comprehensive support.

　　11. Complete and build a strong backbone team. Each school in primary and secondary schools is equipped with at least one full-time mental health education teacher. On the basis of ensuring the number of full-time psychological teachers, part-time psychological teachers can be equipped according to the actual situation and work needs. Schools with more than 500 students, schools run by groups and schools run by one school with multiple addresses should appropriately increase the allocation of psychological teachers. In principle, full-time psychological teachers should have a bachelor degree or above in psychology or related majors, and part-time psychological teachers must undergo professional training or have professional qualifications for mental health education. To improve the supporting ability of head teachers’ mental health education, primary and secondary schools should focus on mental health education as a compulsory content in pre-job training, professional training and daily training for head teachers and teachers of various disciplines. All faculty and staff of the school should establish the consciousness of paying attention to students’ mental health, and inform the class teacher and psychological teacher in time if they find that students have abnormal psychology or behavior.

　　12 to strengthen the construction of mental health education research team. Build a full-time and part-time teaching and research team of mental health education at the municipal level, establish and improve the regular supervision mechanism of mental health education in primary and secondary schools, adhere to and improve the exchange mechanism of research results of mental health education, promote the construction of characteristic schools of mental health education, enhance the professional level of mental health education, and promote the standardized and scientific development of mental health education. Education, research and training departments in all districts should be fully equipped with full-time psychological teaching and research staff, and establish a long-term mechanism for teaching, research and training. Support qualified schools to set up psychological teaching and research groups and carry out regular activities.

　　13. Increase the support of psychological teachers. Support psychological teachers to participate in activities such as study, further study, training and communication, improve the professional skills of mental health education, and promote the professional development of psychological teachers. According to the actual situation of the school, all kinds of mental health education lectures, theme activities and psychological counseling for students, parents and teachers will be included in the workload and included in the performance management to ensure that full-time psychological teachers enjoy the same treatment as class teachers. Part-time psychological teachers calculate the workload according to the relevant regulations of the school and guarantee the corresponding treatment.

　　14. Ensure the site and funds. The District Education Commission should equip the district-level psychological counseling center for primary and secondary school students with special space and hardware and software equipment, and further promote the construction of psychological counseling rooms for primary and secondary schools in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education’s Guide to the Construction of Psychological Counseling Rooms for Primary and Secondary Schools. Improve the system of psychological counseling on duty, appointment, interview, etc., to ensure students’ psychological counseling and help-seeking needs. During the period when students are in school, the psychological counseling room should be open to students every day during recess, after class and other non-class hours, and teachers with psychological counseling qualifications should be arranged to be on duty. All districts and schools should ensure the daily operation of mental health education and the funds for equipment configuration, operation and maintenance and team building. All districts should fully guarantee the funds for mental health education and establish a growth mechanism as appropriate. Schools should co-ordinate all kinds of funds in the annual budget to ensure the funds for mental health education.

　　Recently, many new real estate market regulation policies have been issued to further strengthen the management of commercial housing sales, support the demand of just-needed families to buy houses by themselves, provide convenient services for leasing parties, and strictly limit speculative housing purchases.

　　Chengdu property market regulation new policy introduced

　　Just need family priority to choose a house.

　　Chengdu Housing Management Bureau announced the new policy of real estate market regulation yesterday. Chengdu just needs families to buy commercial housing and will enjoy priority lottery to support the demand of just-needed families to buy houses by themselves. The New Deal came into effect yesterday.

　　In November last year, Chengdu issued a policy, which stipulated that commercial housing should be opened for sale by means of notarization and lottery sorting. The Supplementary Notice on Matters Related to Selecting Houses by Notarization in Opening Sales of Commercial Houses announced yesterday stipulates that Chengdu’s commercial houses are sorted and selected in order of "monetized resettlement households in sheds, families just in need, and ordinary registered buyers", and the registered buyers, the lottery choosers and the contract signers are consistent. At the same time, it is stipulated that families who are listed in the house selection by family priority lottery must meet three conditions at the same time: 1. Residents’ families include husband and wife, husband and wife and their minor children, divorced (widowed) parents and their minor children; Single persons who have reached the legal age of marriage, such as unmarried, divorced or widowed, take individuals as households; If the husband and wife are divorced, they should have been divorced for three years at the time of purchase registration. 2. The registered buyers and their family members have no self-owned housing in the administrative area of Chengdu, and there has been no housing transfer record since October 1, 2016. 3. If the purchased commodity housing is located in the housing purchase restriction area of the city, the registered purchaser must comply with the housing purchase restriction policy; If the purchased house is located in the non-restricted housing area of the city, the purchaser must be a registered resident of the city.

　　According to the Supplementary Notice, the newly-obtained pre-sale permit and now-sold commodity housing projects in Chengdu shall be supported by families who just need to buy at least 50% of the remaining houses needed to support the monetization of shed reform in the current period. The competent department shall verify the owner-owned housing, housing transfer, household registration, etc. of the buyers who just need to register and their family members at the time of registration; If the husband and wife are divorced, the divorce period must be verified.

　　Hainan strictly restricts speculative housing purchase.

　　Non-registered households in this province are restricted to purchase one set of housing.

　　The Housing and Construction Department of Hainan Province released a brand-new real estate control policy yesterday. Hainan will strictly restrict speculative house purchase, and non-registered households in Hainan Province can only buy one house.

　　According to the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Stabilizing the Real Estate Market jointly issued by the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department of Hainan Province, Hainan will strictly restrict speculative house purchase and strictly examine the qualification of house purchase. Non-registered households in Hainan Province can only buy one house. Among them, housing includes commercial housing (ordinary housing, high-grade apartments, low-rise apartments and serviced apartments), property-based hotel rooms and affordable housing, including new and second-hand houses.

　　The original purchase restriction policy in Hainan province was that non-registered residents in Hainan province could only buy one set of housing, that is, one person could only buy one set of housing, but now it is uniformly adjusted to one set of housing for one family.

　　Non-registered households in this province need to provide proof that at least one family member has paid personal income tax or social insurance in Hainan Province for 60 months or more when purchasing houses in areas where the purchase restriction policy is implemented.

　　Commercial housing built in Wuzhishan, Baoting, Qiongzhong and Baisha, four cities and counties in the central ecological core area, can only be sold to households in this city (county). Among them, the household of the city (county) refers to the household registered in the city (county), the non-household registered in the city (county) who has paid personal income tax or social insurance for 60 months or more, and the imported talents recognized by the talent management department of Hainan Province.

　　In addition, the implementation of differentiated credit policy, non-registered households in Hainan Province to buy housing, apply for commercial personal housing loans down payment ratio shall not be less than 70%.

　　Shanghai provides convenient online signing service

　　Trial operation of public service platform for housing rental

　　Yesterday, the Shanghai public service platform for housing rental was put into trial operation.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Shanghai Housing Management Bureau, the platform starts with basic functions such as housing release, real-name authentication, contract online signing, and introduces some public service items such as finance, law and rent inquiry. After all the functions are completed, the integration of online signing and filing of lease contracts will be gradually realized.

　　It is reported that after all the functions of the public service platform for housing leasing in Shanghai are completed, it will also provide centralized filing convenience for large-scale, institutionalized and professional housing leasing enterprises. In the future, the platform will gradually realize data sharing with relevant management departments, reducing the round-trip travel of parties; And gradually establish a housing lease credit evaluation system.

　　According to the introduction of Shanghai Housing Authority, during the operation period, functions such as subject management, house release and contract online signing will be provided first. The main management mainly includes the filing of housing leasing enterprises and real estate brokerage institutions, the network authentication of platform users, and the good access; At the same time, the platform will also verify the real names of various personnel such as lessors, lessees and brokers. The release of housing will ensure that the platform "publishes real housing, the identity of the publisher is true, and the release behavior is true", and the housing is closed; The leasing platform will also provide a model contract text, which will provide convenient online signing service for the leasing parties and ensure the good online signing.

　　Xi ‘an strengthens the sales management of commercial housing.

　　Do not use the late price increase to induce buyers to snap up.

　　On March 30th, the Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau of Xi ‘an City, Shaanxi Province issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Commodity Housing Sales, requiring real estate development enterprises and brokerage agencies not to induce buyers to snap up with tight housing and late price increases.

　　The circular requires that when real estate development enterprises apply for the "Pre-sale Permit for Commercial Housing", they must declare the buildings that meet the pre-sale conditions at one time, and it is strictly forbidden to delay the pre-sale declaration time in batches, demolition, etc., or to sell them in blocks, layers and batches. It is not allowed to spread rumors or create a tense atmosphere by means of tight housing, internal reservation and later price increase to induce buyers to snap up. At the same time, if the number of people who intend to purchase houses is more than the saleable houses, they should be sold in public by means of notarization and lottery, and the notarization institution should supervise the whole process. It is strictly forbidden to reserve houses internally or set restrictive conditions such as giving full priority to housing selection. Real estate development enterprises should strictly follow the price publicity results of the price department, clearly mark the price of each house, and shall not sell houses at a price higher than the publicity price, and shall not tie in or force buyers to accept paid services.

　　For those who violate the notice, Xi ‘an Housing Management Bureau will, in accordance with the relevant regulations, record 10 points for the violator at one time, restrict online sales, suspend the acceptance of new applications for pre-sale permits, and notify relevant departments to implement joint punishment. According to Xinhua News Agency

　　As the saying goes, long-term practice in practical use is the best way to test whether a new car is mature in all aspects. Dongfeng Peugeot 307 sedan is a sedan derived from the prototype hatchback 307, which has been listed in China for more than a year. In the long-term use of many consumers, the domestic Peugeot 307 not only shows its excellent performance in appearance, space and handling, but also exposes some problems.

　　As a family car, the car environment of different consumers is naturally different, and it is inevitable that there will be some minor problems in the car. However, what is pointed out here is the "stubborn disease" that the manufacturer still has not solved after Peugeot 307 went on the market for more than one year-the abnormal noise of the exhaust pipe joint of the 1.6 model (the problem has not been found in the 2.0 model). Many car owners have been troubled by this problem. Although it does not endanger the driving safety, the sound of "squeaking and twisting" has a great "spiritual blow" to the car owners-who wants the car that he spent more than 100,000 yuan to drive will "squeak and twist"?

　　Performance of "stubborn disease":

　　This problem generally appears in the 1.6-displacement car of Dongfeng Peugeot 307. According to relevant network surveys, almost half of the vehicles have this problem. The performance is that after the new car runs about 4000 kilometers (some cars even start to make noises after 1000 kilometers), in the case of "cold car", when the driver performs normal driving operations that can cause the engine to vibrate, such as stepping on the clutch pedal, feeding oil, collecting oil and shifting gears, there is a "squeaking" sound from below the front of the car, and the sound disappears after the car is warmed up. The sound is different according to the severity of the situation. Due to the good sound insulation of Peugeot 307 car body, only a weak sound can be heard after closing the window; However, with the deterioration of the situation, when closing and opening the window, you can hear the obvious and sharp "squeaking" sound (metal rubbing sound, especially in quiet places such as underground garage).

　　Abnormal sound is ubiquitous and easy to diagnose;

　　For this problem, the after-sales maintenance department of Dongfeng Peugeot is obviously very familiar with it, and even just need to briefly explain the situation on the phone, and the experienced maintenance reception consultant can immediately judge that this is "abnormal noise of the exhaust pipe joint of the 1.6 model".

　

　　Dongfeng Peugeot 307 car with 1.6-liter engine, the joint between the head section and the middle section of the exhaust pipe is subject to engine vibration. After a period of time, the gasket at the joint is damaged, and the friction between the metal parts of the head section and the middle section of the exhaust pipe will produce a loud noise. When the car is cold, the exhaust pipe temperature is low and the abnormal sound is obvious; After the hot car, the temperature of the exhaust pipe rises, the metal parts expand, the two sections of the exhaust pipe are closely combined, and the abnormal sound disappears.

　　4S shop voice: the solution is to treat the symptoms rather than the root cause;

　　Strictly speaking, there is no radical solution to this problem so far. The 4S shop said: At present, the solution is to replace the worn gasket at the joint between the head section of the exhaust pipe and the middle section of the exhaust pipe. However, this method treats the symptoms rather than the root cause. After the vehicle travels for about 4,000 kilometers, there will still be obvious abnormal noise, so the gasket can only be replaced.

At present, the method of replacing gasket is a temporary solution, not a permanent cure.　

　　Consumer’s voice: Replacing gaskets for free is just a tactic to slow down the war. What should I do after the warranty period?

　　As the abnormal sound of the 1.6-liter 307 exhaust pipe is widespread, many 307 car owners in major online forums are also talking about it. Some car owners who bought their cars earlier have carried out two or three maintenance operations for this problem, but practice has proved that replacing gaskets free of charge is only a delaying tactic and cannot cure the problem. This also leads to a rather sensitive question-what should I do after the warranty period?

　　At present, the warranty period of Dongfeng Peugeot 307 is 2 years or 60,000 kilometers. During the warranty period, car owners who encounter this problem can go to the 4S shop to replace the related spare parts for free. However, since the problem cannot be cured, after the warranty period, how to solve the spare parts and working hours when encountering similar problems? Since the 307 has been on the market for less than two years, and the mileage of most 1.6-liter vehicles does not exceed 60,000 kilometers, there is no reference method to solve such problems after the warranty period.

　　What is the root of "stubborn disease"? Can the root cause be removed? The manufacturer did not make a clear statement:

　　There is a common problem of abnormal exhaust pipe noise in 1.6 models, and the manufacturer has not expressed his position at present. Through the communication with the 4S stores of Dongfeng Peugeot, it has been known that this problem does exist widely. However, the relevant parties related to the after-sales service of 307 cars, including manufacturers and 4S stores, did not disclose this incident for more than one year after the new car went on the market, but told consumers that "this is a common problem" and "there is no effective solution" after the vehicle had problems and consumers took the initiative to drive the problematic car to the door.

　　It is reasonable for the seller to keep quiet beforehand, and consumers will not complain too much about it, but what consumers are most concerned about is how to solve this problem.

　　What is the reason for the abnormal noise of the exhaust pipe of 1.6 model? Whether it is a design defect or the quality of the gasket parts at the exhaust pipe joint is not up to standard, the vehicle manufacturer has not expressed his position. How to deal with it in the future? Can this problem be cured? After the warranty period, do consumers need to bear the burden of repairing at their own expense? Vehicle manufacturers also did not express their views.

　　"Illness" does not constitute a recall condition, and consumers expect a perfect solution.

　　Presumably, manufacturers must know this problem, and more or less attention should be paid to it. The fact that it took more than a year to cure the problem tells us that there is no effective cure for the abnormal sound of the 1.6-liter 307 exhaust pipe at present.

　　The French prototype 307 has been produced and sold for many years, but it has not been heard that the same problem generally exists. In this analysis, it should be that after the domestic sedan 307 lengthens the car body, the middle section of the exhaust pipe that runs through the car body is also lengthened accordingly, which leads to the abnormal noise problem of the exhaust pipe of the 1.6-liter car that was not expected during the design (the structure of the 2.0 car is different, and there is no news of similar situation). As the "leading part" in the incident, it is too early to draw a conclusion whether there is any problem with the quality of the gasket at the joint of the exhaust pipe (after all, it is more than enough time for manufacturers to choose a new supplier who can provide high-quality parts for more than one year).

　　1.6 The abnormal sound "stubborn disease" of the vehicle model did not affect the driving safety of the vehicle and did not constitute the domestic recall conditions for car products, so Dongfeng Peugeot did not recall this incident; Even if the manufacturer intends to recall, there is no effective way to solve this problem at present (it is foreseeable that the number of 307 cars involved in this incident will be very high once recalled).

　　Consumers who don’t care much about the abnormal noise can continue to use it (it won’t affect the driving safety), but after all, quite a few consumers are still reluctant to drive a squeaky car to attract the attention of passers-by (not to mention more than 100 thousand mid-level cars). Before the warranty period, consumers can "tirelessly" go back to the 4S shop to temporarily solve the abnormal sound by replacing parts for free, but after the warranty period? Consumers should never pay for themselves every 5,000 kilometers and go to a maintenance station-unless the 4S shop makes consumers feel confident before selling the car and the two sides reach a tacit understanding, and tells them: "There is a probability that the exhaust pipe of this car will sound abnormally, and how to deal with it after the warranty period is inconclusive." We don’t expect manufacturers to actively expose the shortcomings of their products before selling cars, but manufacturers always have to solve problems that should not appear in products.

　　It’s not a big deal. The key is whether Dongfeng Peugeot can find a thorough solution to the problem-including how to technically solve the abnormal noise problem of the 1.6-liter 307 exhaust pipe (consumers are most afraid to hear: "This car is like this, it can’t be cured, and there is nothing to do." ）； It also includes the problem of how to protect the rights and interests of vehicle owners during the warranty period once it can’t be solved in time technically (consumers are also afraid to hear: "Whether to pay at their own expense is still inconclusive, and we will talk about it after the warranty period." ）。 As for cars, there are always small problems, but the ubiquitous "chronic diseases" manufacturers should really pay attention to them. It is reasonable to say that more than a year is not short, and the voice that should not exist should still make it disappear.

　　The following remarks are from online forums:

　　"The original ball head had a graphite layer, but it would soon be rubbed off, and the remaining wire friction would make abnormal noise. Theoretically, Fukang is the same as the silencer ball head used in 1.6 of 307, at least the same thing is installed on the production line, but abnormal noise appeared on 307, which may require a lot of test runs by manufacturers to completely solve it."

　　"At present, some 4S are trying some new methods, and the effect is OK. Generally, there will be no problem running for 2 or 3,000 kilometers, but in theory, it is also a temporary solution."

　　"Please pay attention to the tx that directly replaces the fixing screw and adopts the method of screwing the fixing screw, which is easy to cause the exhaust pipe to resonate in the speed range of 2600-2800, that is, to make a buzz. 4S experts have already denied this method from practice, ha ha, but it is a kind of high-frequency abnormal sound replaced by another kind of low-frequency abnormal sound, which has not been solved at all … "

　　"Although it has been running for 4000 kilometers after trying a new method in 4S, there is no problem. However, 4S also admits that theoretically, this problem has not been fundamentally solved. "

　　Because of my keen ears, my situation is quite special. It should be the first one in Beijing to replace the ball head according to the East Standard method. Before that, it was also fixed with replacement screws, which was invalid. Because of the heavy responsibility entrusted by 4s to test the East Standard solution, a total of 6 ball heads were replaced before and after, and the shortest one was forced to be replaced after running 500 kilometers, hehe!

　　"Because 4s has almost no imported 1.6 cubs to compare, this important task can only be handed over to the East Standard manufacturers for repeated road tests, alas …"

　　"In September 2005, the car changed the exhaust pipe joint ball head twice. It was not obvious for the first time. It felt as if there was abnormal noise on the left front wheel. After 4s, the exhaust pipe joint ball head was replaced. After 2-3 thousand kilometers, there was obvious abnormal noise, which appeared when the car was cold and the gear was shifted in a low gear. Replace the exhaust pipe joint ball head again (the replaced ball head has been worn out). "

　　Awarded the young scientist award

　　In order to reward young scientific researchers who have made outstanding achievements in scientific research, the Academy of Sciences decided to establish the Young Scientist Award. According to the Provisional Regulations on Youth Science Awards of China Academy of Sciences published on March 29th, since 1989, this award has been selected once every two years, with 5 first prizes and 20 second prizes selected each time. Among them, the first prize is regardless of discipline; In the second prize, there are 7 in mathematics and physics, 4 in biological science and agriculture, 4 in geoscience and 5 in technical science. According to the regulations, the qualifications of the candidates for the first and second prizes are: (1) scientific researchers of China Academy of Sciences who are under 40 years old (those who have made special contributions are not more than 45 years old), who have made major discoveries or put forward new academic ideas in scientific research activities, been highly praised by the academic circles after being published in important international academic conferences or authoritative magazines, or have made major inventions, solved key problems in economic construction or social development, and achieved obvious economic or social benefits; (2) Those under the age of 35 who have made outstanding creative achievements or published academic papers with important scientific significance. Candidates are recommended by the unit, selected by the Young Scientist Award Evaluation Committee, and finally approved and issued by the Dean. Winners enjoy honorary certificates and bonuses of corresponding prizes; The research project of the award-winning personnel can be given priority to receive a one-time special research funding of 100 thousand yuan; Winners are not limited by the number of years of service, and can be promoted to professional and technical positions without exception; Within five years after winning the prize, provide the winner with an opportunity to study abroad for one year at public expense.Can provide them with 1-2 times to participate in international academic conferences; Priority should be given to solving the problems such as the housing corresponding to the winners’ positions, and the moving of spouses and children.

　　1989年首届中国科学院青年科学家奖，于12月8日公告，共有21位青年科学家获奖，其中一等奖4名，二等奖17名。中共中央总书记江泽民同获奖青年科学家进行了座谈。

　　合肥同步辐射装置建成出光

　　4月26日凌晨，合肥国家同步辐射实验室的专用同步辐射装置成功产生同步辐射光。这是继北京正负电子对撞机之后，中国高科技领域的又一重大成就。

　　合肥同步辐射加速器是中国第一个专用同步辐射光源，它的主体是一台800Mev的电子储存环和一台200Mev直线加速器作为注入器；围绕电子储存环有光电子能谱光束线、软X射线光刻光束线、时间分辨光谱光束线、光化学光束线以和软X射线显微光束线以及分别与它们相匹配的实验站。该装置可以提供从红外、可见光、真空紫外到软X射线的具有频谱宽且平滑连续的同步辐射光源，具有可准确计算、强度高、方向性好、亮度高、偏振、有脉冲时间结构、洁净等诸多优点。这种具有一系列优良特性的波谱，在物理学、化学、生物学等基础科学方面，以及在材料科学、表面科学、计量科学、医学、显微技术、超大规模集成电路光刻等技术领域，有广泛的用途。获1995年国家科技进步奖一等奖。

　　Promulgate measures for the administration of open laboratories

　　China Academy of Sciences took the lead in establishing an open laboratory in China in 1985. By 1989, there were 63 open laboratories, 2 open research institutes and 8 open field experimental stations in the whole hospital. In the construction of open laboratory, the policy of "openness, mobility and union" is put forward. It has formed a new operating mechanism and management system, such as the competitive elimination mechanism of regular inspection and comments, and accumulated some experience in the past few years. In order to make the open laboratory run and develop healthily, on April 17th, 1989, the president’s office meeting passed the Administrative Measures for the Open Research Laboratory of China Academy of Sciences.

　　The Academy of Sciences has set up a special fund for open laboratories, which are mainly engaged in basic research and applied research. Scholars at home and abroad can go to the laboratory for scientific research after approval, and can also be employed to participate in cooperative research. Introduce competition mechanism, and implement the system of preferential support and elimination through regular inspection and evaluation; Organize inspection and evaluation every three years, publish the results of inspection and evaluation instrument, and adjust and update 15% of open laboratories according to disciplines. Encourage laboratories with basic conditions to start opening at their own expense according to the conditions of opening laboratories. After three years of practice, they will participate in the unified appraisal of the whole hospital, and the advanced ones will join the competition of the open laboratory fund of the hospital.

　　In terms of organization and management, the open laboratory is a relatively independent scientific research entity under the leadership of the institute, which is open to domestic and foreign countries; Establish an academic committee as an academic accreditation body; The office director responsibility system is implemented, and the office director is selected by the dean from domestic and foreign scientists for a term of three years; The fixed staff of the laboratory can only account for about 1/3 of the researchers that can be accommodated in the laboratory, and 2/3 should be mobile objective researchers. The full-time management staff only has one academic secretary and one administrative secretary, and the fixed staff is appointed for three years. The funds for opening the laboratory shall be accounted for separately in the institute’s finance, which shall be arranged by the director of the laboratory as a whole and accounted for according to the subject.

　　Beijing 35 MeV Proton Linear Accelerator Built

　　On May 15th, the Beijing 35MeV proton linac designed and built by the Institute of High Energy Physics passed the expert appraisal. This equipment integrates cutting-edge technologies in many fields, such as high voltage, high vacuum, ultra-high frequency, precision machinery, electronics, high-precision optical measurement and electromagnetic measurement, computer and automatic control. The proton energy beam is 35MeV, the maximum pulse current intensity is 60mA, and the beam pulse width is 100 μ s.. It is mainly used in the preparation of short-lived isotopes in medicine and the research of neutron therapy for cancer. Most important short-lived fast neutron isotopes in nuclear medicine, such as carbon -11, fluorine -18, gallium -67, iodine -123 and thallium -201, can be produced on the isotope preparation device of this accelerator. The accelerator’s fast neutron generation system, treatment positioning system, neutron dose testing system and automatic control system constitute the first strong neutron cancer treatment device in China. In addition, it can also provide proton beams for nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry experiments.

　　Beijing 35MeV proton linear accelerator has been running normally after its completion, and has achieved many important research results, and was awarded the first prize of the 1991 National Science and Technology Progress Award.

　　Set up a scientific publishing fund

　　China Academy of Sciences has decided to set up a scientific publishing fund from 1990, with an annual allocation of 3 million yuan to support the publication of excellent and important scientific books and periodicals. On May 25th, this year, the Trial Regulations of Science Publishing Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences was promulgated to the whole country. The "Regulations" stipulate that the fund shall face the whole country and implement the principle of fair competition and merit-based support. Set up an expert committee of the Scientific Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is composed of famous domestic scientists and editing and publishing experts, to manage the fund; The office of the Committee is located in Science Press. At the same time, it is also stipulated that the fund will raise donations through multiple channels and accept donations from home and abroad.

　　The Committee of Experts on the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences deliberated and adopted the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Trial Regulations on the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Measures for the Application of the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Regulations on the Organization of the Professional Group of the Expert Committee on the Science Publishing Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the list of members of the professional group.

　　According to the above-mentioned documents, the Science Publishing Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences is mainly used to finance the publication of high-level excellent and important scientific books and periodicals in natural science and technical science; All the projects that are funded by the Science Publishing Fund, all regions and departments in China, overseas Chinese and Chinese scientists and technicians can submit written applications to the Office of the Expert Committee of the Science Publishing Fund, and the Office of the Science Publishing Fund is determined according to the prescribed evaluation procedures, adhering to the principles of relying on experts, fully developing academic democracy, fair competition and merit-based support. Priority will be given to young workers.

　　Establish a dean scholarship

　　In order to encourage graduate students to make progress, it was decided to set up the Dean’s Scholarship, and the Regulations on the Dean’s Scholarship of China Academy of Sciences was promulgated on June 22nd.

　　China Academy of Sciences Dean Scholarship is the highest award for graduate education; Scholarships are divided into two types: special awards and excellent awards, which are selected once a year, including no more than 10 special awards and about 150 excellent awards. The conditions for the Excellence Award are that graduate students have excellent academic performance, strong scientific research ability, remarkable scientific research achievements, theoretical innovation or development, and published high-level papers in international and domestic first-class academic journals during their study; Innovating in technology, achieving good economic or social benefits, participating in major scientific research projects and making great contributions. The conditions of the special prize are that the graduate students are particularly outstanding in their studies, have made great inventions during their studies, have made innovations or developments in theory, have important academic value, can promote the development of their disciplines and majors, have made great breakthroughs in technology, have achieved remarkable economic or social benefits, or have made significant contributions in other aspects. The first batch of Dean’s Scholarships were selected by the Academic Degrees Committee and announced on the eve of the National Day. There were 9 winners of special prizes and 136 winners of excellent prizes.

　　Publish the emblem of the college

　　At the beginning of 1987, it was decided to make the emblem of China Academy of Sciences, and on July 18, 1987, the emblem pattern was collected from inside and outside the academy. After nearly two years of extensive collection of drawings, repeated listening to opinions from all sides, and expert evaluation, it was finally approved by the president’s office meeting, and the Notice on Publishing the emblem pattern was officially issued on October 27, 1989.

　　The emblem of China Academy of Sciences is round, with the words "China Academy of Sciences" on the outer ring, with the handwriting of Guo Moruo, the first president, above it and English below. Inside the ring is a material structure pattern composed of six crystals, which symbolizes the integration and combination of six disciplines: mathematics, physics, culture, heaven, earth and life. There is a gear in the middle, which symbolizes technical science. The meaning of the whole design is to give full play to the role of the Natural Science Research Center of China Academy of Sciences and promote the progress of national science and technology. The six crystals in the outer ring and inner ring of the emblem and the dot in the middle are peacock blue; The Chinese and foreign characters of China Academy of Sciences and the parts outside the crystal in the ring are white; The edges and six decorative points in the middle of the pattern are silver.

　　Beijing Lenovo Computer Group Corporation was formally established.

　　Beijing Lenovo Computer Group Corporation was formally established on November 14th. Its predecessor was the Computing Company of Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was founded in November 1984. At the beginning, there were only 11 staff members and 200,000 yuan of start-up funds. They started with the development, production and promotion of Lenovo Chinese character system, and after five years of hard work, they developed into a first-class export-oriented computer industry group integrating technology, industry, trade and information services in China. By November 1989, there were more than 700 employees at home and abroad, 17 subsidiaries, 2 research centers, 3 production bases, 1 training center and 31 maintenance stations all over the country. The company insists on researching, developing, producing and managing its own computer high-tech products and creating social and economic benefits, and has successfully transformed 126 high-tech achievements into products urgently needed by the market. The company’s self-made products and one-time development products account for more than 80% of the total turnover. Lenovo 286 microcomputer, newly introduced in 1989, was sold in large quantities to more than 30 countries and regions such as the United States, Canada, Europe and Southeast Asia. In Beijing New Technology Development Experimental Zone, Lenovo has the largest number of fist products, and its development benefit ranks first.

　　Hold a meeting on foreign affairs to sum up ten years’ work.

　　From December 21st to 23rd, a conference on foreign affairs was held in Beijing to summarize the foreign affairs of China Academy of Sciences in the past ten years of reform and opening up.

　　In the past ten years, China Academy of Sciences has implemented the policy of opening to the outside world, made great efforts to strengthen international cooperation and exchanges, and carried out extensive official, non-governmental, bilateral and multilateral cooperation and exchanges, forming a multi-level, multi-channel, multi-form and all-round international cooperation situation. The meeting held that extensive international cooperation and exchanges have promoted the development of China Academy of Sciences in several aspects: (1) A number of high-level achievements have been made. For example, the completion of large-scale scientific research projects such as Beijing Electron Positron Collider, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator and Synchrotron Radiation Accelerator, as well as the introduction and completion of remote sensing satellite ground stations, have all been achieved through international cooperation; (2) Accelerating the training of talents. In the past ten years, more than 12,000 researchers at different levels have been sent abroad through various channels, such as studying abroad, attending international conferences, short-term training, and long-term cooperative research. Holding a variety of international academic conferences and inviting foreign experts to give lectures in the hospital are also important ways to train talents; (3) Expanded the influence of China Academy of Sciences in the international scientific community. There are more than 100 scientists in the hospital who hold various positions in international organizations, some of whom hold major leadership positions in relevant organizations; (4) It has opened up a channel for the technical products of China Academy of Sciences to enter the international market and participate in international competition. For example, BBO crystal from Fujian Institute of Physics, BGO crystal from Shanghai Silicic Acid Pipe Institute and NdFeB permanent magnet materials from Sanhuan Company have all entered the international market through international cooperation.

　　In order to further expand international cooperation and exchanges, the meeting also discussed and revised a number of management measures.

　　The Department of Technology submitted six special consultation reports to the State Council.

　　On December 26th-30th, the Department of Technology held an enlarged meeting of all members to discuss and consider six special consultation reports prepared by relevant experts organized by the Department: (1) Suggestions on the trial open recruitment of academic leaders in key engineering colleges; (2) Suggestions on developing the raw material route of China’s iron and steel industry; (3) On China’s energy development strategy with electricity as the center; (4) Suggestions on reasonable communication structure; (5) Research on promoting the virtuous circle of computer development in China; (6) Suggestions on promoting China’s integrated circuit industry to enter a virtuous circle. After deliberation, it was submitted to the State Council.

　　On January 3, 1990, China Academy of Sciences received the instructions from Premier Li Peng on the above-mentioned consultation report: "Please send the six special reports of the Academy of Sciences to the Planning Commission and relevant departments for study and discussion, and adopt them appropriately in the Eighth Five-Year Plan". The General Office of the State Council sent letters to Wang Daheng and Shi Changxu, directors of the Department of Technology, thanking them for their great enthusiasm for making meaningful suggestions to the government, and through them thanking the scientists and scientific and technological workers who compiled these reports.

　　Establish a Committee of Subject Experts

　　In order to promote the scientific and democratic macro-decision-making in discipline development and scientific research management, China Academy of Sciences set up six discipline expert committees in 1989, namely, mathematical mechanics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and chemical engineering, earth science, resource and environmental science, biology and technical science, announced the members of each Committee, and issued the Work Regulations of the Discipline Expert Committee of China Academy of Sciences.

　　The "Regulations" stipulate that the subject expert committee is an academic permanent institution, consisting of about 10 experts in the subject, with 1 director and 1-2 deputy directors. Members are appointed by the relevant professional bureaus for a term of two years. The main duties of the discipline expert committee are: to study and discuss the development trends and trends of this discipline, especially to pay attention to the trends of frontier fields, interdisciplinary and comprehensive fields; Put forward opinions on the development direction, priority areas and major scientific research projects (topics) of this discipline; Close contact with the majority of scientific and technological personnel, listen to various opinions, and reflect them to the relevant bureaus of the hospital through various means; Pay attention to the growth of scientific and technological talents and make suggestions on training and selecting outstanding young scientists and academic leaders. After the establishment of the discipline expert committee, it has been playing an important role in making discipline development plans, strategic research and determining the key scientific research plans and major scientific research projects of the Institute.

　　Development of polypropylene grade polypropylene resin

　　Among the five varieties of chemical fibers, namely polyester, nylon, polypropylene, acrylic and vinylon, four varieties are imported from abroad, and only polypropylene is successfully researched and developed by China.

　　Since the 1960s, the Institute of Chemistry has invested in the research of polypropylene. Since 1970s, a great deal of research has been done on polypropylene spinning, and the key technology of "new stable spinning process of polypropylene" has been mastered. A new scheme of developing polypropylene grade resin by adjusting the molecular weight of polypropylene by chemical degradation is put forward. In order to further develop the industrial production of polypropylene spinning special materials, the Institute of Chemistry cooperated with the No.3 Chemical Plant of Liaoyang Petrochemical Fiber Company to carry out more than ten difficult technical transformations on the polypropylene equipment and production process introduced by Liaohua in the 1970s and built in the 1980s, and solved the technical problems such as polymerization, purification, refining, drying, granulation, packaging and measuring instruments in the imported technology, and developed a series of flowing polypropylene spinning special materials created by chemical degradation. The spinning performance and aging resistance of the new products have reached the level of similar advanced products in the world, which has laid a foundation for the polypropylene industry in China and driven more than 20 provinces and cities across the country to develop a series of new polypropylene products with various specifications, such as polypropylene filaments, staple fibers, bulked yarns and non-woven fabrics.

　　This project won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 1989.

　　Affected by Typhoon Likima, a serious flood disaster occurred in Ningguo City, Anhui Province recently, and more than 110,000 people were affected. After the disaster, there was a warm heart scene: on August 14th, the office of Ningguo Municipal People’s Government received five "registered letters", each containing 2,000 yuan, a total of 10,000 yuan in donations, all of which were signed "Zhufeng Town Pingyi". Immediately, the local authorities started a spontaneous relay to find the anonymous donor. With the exposure of anonymous’s true identity, the donor who moved Ningguo has moved China.

　　Who is he?

　　Five anonymous donation letters triggered a search for good people in the city.

　　Affected by typhoon "Lichima", flash floods broke out in many places in Ningguo, Anhui Province recently, and roads were destroyed and houses collapsed, causing more than 110,000 people to be affected. After the disaster, at 4: 00 pm on August 14th, the office of Ningguo Municipal People’s Government received five registered letters: each envelope contained 2,000 yuan, totaling 10,000 yuan, all signed as "Zhufeng Town Pingyi".

　　The staff of the Ningguo People’s Government Office told the Beijing Youth Daily reporter: "The letter is anonymous and there is no indication of the purpose of the money, but we speculate that it should be a donation." After the news of anonymous donation was exposed, it attracted the attention of local netizens. Everyone forwarded the tracing message one after another, wondering who the donor named "Zhufeng Town Pingyi" was, and even more wanting to know the story behind the anonymous donor.

　　"We immediately found the post office where the letter was sent through the postmark." The staff said that they learned from the surveillance video of Ningguo East Post Hall that the letter was sent on August 13th, and the sender was an old man with the words "Ningguo Sanitation" printed on his clothes.

　　"Everyone attaches great importance to this matter and immediately entrusts us to find someone." The relevant staff of Ningguo Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that because the surveillance video was relatively clear, the Environmental Sanitation Department immediately organized the heads of various companies to identify and basically confirmed the identity of the elderly. The old man named Le Jinmei, 72 years old, lives in Hongjiata Village, Wayaopu Village, Zhufeng Street, and is a sanitation worker.

　　found it

　　Old people are usually very frugal, and their families are sick and embarrassed.

　　When the Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau initially determined that the old man who donated money was Le Jinmei, Director Li of the Civilization Office of Zhufeng Sub-district Office visited the house. "He is an ordinary sanitation worker, his family is not rich, and his walls are all rough and cement."

　　On August 16th, the reporter of Beiqing Daily contacted Le Fazhi, the son of Le Jinmei, an old man who donated money. "My father took advantage of his family to donate10,000 yuan, and the family only knew about it after seeing the tracing information in the circle of friends." Le Fazhi said that although he confirmed that it was his father at the first sight when he saw the video, he still couldn’t believe it. "He didn’t admit that he donated money at first. I asked again and again before he told me that the money was donated to the villagers affected by the typhoon."

　　"When I first learned the news of my father’s donation, my family didn’t quite understand it." Le Fazhi said frankly, "The family’s economic situation is not very good, and 10,000 yuan is not a small amount for us." Le Fazhi told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that his father had been a sanitation worker for more than ten years. "He had been farming at home before, and later, because he was too old to do farm work, he began to work as a sanitation worker to support his family." According to Le Fazhi, my father’s monthly salary and meal allowance add up to only 2,065 yuan. "He is reluctant to spend money himself at ordinary times, and he can carry it when he is sick. The money saved should be saved."

　　Talking about the recent situation at home, Le Fazhi said: "The family has not been calm recently and spent a lot of money." His mother broke her hand when she fell last year, and his wife was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the beginning of this year. The treatment has cost about 150,000 yuan. When the reporter of Beiqing Daily contacted Le Fazhi, he was working in a chicken farm. "I went out to work at 9 o’clock last night, and I couldn’t go home all night. Our family are farmers and earn hard money." When talking about his wife’s follow-up treatment expenses, Le Fazhi said: "The current economic situation can still be sustained. Let’s take it one step at a time."

　　Too touched

　　I just want to make a silent contribution. The donation has been used for disaster relief.

　　Although the father donated money behind his family’s back, the old man’s explanation afterwards convinced him to be happy. In 1991, Le Fazhi’s family was flooded. With the help of all walks of life, the collapsed river bank in the village was rebuilt, and every household received rice distributed by the government. "Our family weathered the storm with the help of everyone. My father is old and always wants to make some contributions to society."

　　Le Fazhi said that when the typhoon hit, my father learned about the collapse of houses in the mountains through TV, and many people lost contact because of the flood. "Compared with the people affected by the disaster, although our family has poor economic conditions, at least the whole family is together, and my father wants to do his little to help them." Le Fazhi also told the reporter, "Zhufeng Town is the place name here, because it needs to be signed when sending a letter, so he improvised ‘ Pingyi ’ This fake name. "

　　When it comes to this father’s donation, Le Fazhi is not surprised when he thinks about it. "This is not the first time my father has done good deeds. In the 1980s, my father donated money to Shuguang Primary School in the village to help the school transform its teaching facilities. In the early 1990 s, the Fangkengwu Group repaired the bridge, and the poor father also donated more than 200 yuan. " For his father’s repeated donations, Le Fazhi said that he only learned after listening to others. "My father quietly donated without telling us."

　　"This time, he is the same. He just wants to do something for the people affected by the disaster and doesn’t want others to know." Le Fazhi told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that Le Jinmei did not expect that everyone would find him through the monitoring of the post office. "My father is very embarrassed now. He never thought that doing this would have such a big impact."

　　The relevant staff of the Ningguo People’s Government Office said that at present, donations from the elderly have been donated to charitable associations for local disaster relief work.

　　Text/reporter Zhang Ya Intern reporter Zhao Yihan

　　Co-ordination/Chi Haibo