At 18: 00 on March 16, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue blue rainstorm warning and strong convection warning, and issued blue blizzard warning, prompting the affected areas to continue to pay attention to early warning information, prevent disasters that may be caused by local heavy rainfall and strong convection, and do a good job of prevention.
The blue rainstorm warning shows that it is expected that there will be heavy rain in southern Henan, central and eastern Hubei, most of Anhui, most of Jiangsu, northwestern Zhejiang, northern and central Shanghai, northwestern Jiangxi, northern and southern Hunan, northeastern Yunnan and other places from 20: 00 on March 16th to 20: 00 on March 17th. Among them, there will be heavy rain in parts of southeastern Henan, central and southern Anhui and central and southern Jiangsu, and there will be heavy rain in southern Anhui (100-120 mm).

National forecast map of heavy rainfall area

Micro-science of meteorological disaster prevention
The blue warning of strong convection shows that from 20: 00 on March 16 to 20: 00 on March 17, there will be 8-10 thunderstorms or hail weather in parts of central and southern Anhui, central Jiangsu, eastern and southern Hubei, central and northern Hunan, northwestern Jiangxi, southern Sichuan, central and southern Guizhou, eastern Yunnan and northeastern Guangxi. There will be short-term heavy rainfall in parts of southern Henan, central and southern Anhui, central and southern Jiangsu, northern and eastern Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, western Zhejiang, western and northern Fujian, southeastern Sichuan Basin, southeastern and central Guizhou, northeastern Yunnan and northeastern Guangxi, with an hourly rainfall of 20-50 mm and a local area of more than 60 mm. It is estimated that the main impact period of strong convection is the night of 16th.

National forecast map of thunderstorm, gale or hail falling area

What should I do if a strong convection comes?
The blue warning of blizzard showed that there was heavy snow (10 ~ 18 mm) in parts of south-central Inner Mongolia, northwestern Shanxi, northwestern Hebei and mountainous areas in northwestern Beijing from 20: 00 on March 16th to 20: 00 on March 17th. The depth of newly added snow in the above areas is 3 ~ 8 cm, and the local area can exceed 15 cm.

Forecast map of heavy snowfall in China
One of popular science reading:
How is the meteorological early warning information released?
Practice shows that early warning before disasters occur is the key to build the first line of defense for disaster prevention and mitigation. Early warning is not issued at will, it has experienced a life "four-part" of gestation, birth, spread and dissolution.
Pregnancy: data collection and analysis "brainstorming"
In order to find weather phenomena that may lead to disasters earlier, meteorologists monitor wind (wind, direction), temperature (air temperature, ground temperature, sea temperature), air pressure, humidity, visibility, rainfall (snow), lightning, clouds and many other meteorological elements around the clock.
All kinds of meteorological observation data collected are transmitted to the weather forecaster’s work platform and "fed" to the supercomputer. After calculation, a numerical value about the possibility of a meteorological disaster is obtained; According to the calculation results and all-round stereoscopic observation data, the weatherman analyzes weather charts and numerical forecast products at home and abroad, studies various types of weather charts, analyzes and judges the data obtained by various means such as meteorological satellites and radar detection data, and diagnoses the weather evolution; Compare the predicted value with the standard critical value of early warning level set in advance through research, and start issuing the corresponding type and level of meteorological warning when it meets the conditions.
At present, there are 14 kinds of meteorological disaster early warning in China, which correspond to blue, yellow, orange and red warning levels according to the development trend, urgency and harm degree of meteorological disasters.
Taking rainstorm as an example, issuing a blue rainstorm warning means that the precipitation will reach more than 50 mm in the next 12 hours, or it has reached more than 50 mm and the rainfall may continue; Issuing a red rainstorm warning means that the precipitation will reach more than 100 mm in the next three hours, or it has reached more than 100 mm and the rainfall may continue.
It should be noted that due to different regions, the impact of rainstorm warning at the same level will be different. For example, if 100 mm of rain falls in the rainy coastal areas of South China within 12 hours, the impact will of course be different compared with that in the less rainy northwest. Early warning signals shall be subject to those issued by the local meteorological department.

What do you think of rainstorm warning
Birth: the first authoritative voice
Every meteorological early warning information "released" must take a "only way", that is, the national early warning information release system.
As a part of the national emergency command platform system, the national emergency early warning information release system has set up four levels of early warning information release centers at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels. The public coverage of early warning has reached 87.3%, and the time limit for early warning release has reached 3 to 8 minutes. It can be targeted and sent to the disaster prevention responsible persons in the affected areas within 1 minute, and emergency response can be carried out quickly, making early warning signals truly the first line of defense for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.
Communication: Multi-channel timely response release
In order to improve the coverage of early warning information release as much as possible and realize rapid and accurate early warning information release, meteorological offices and stations affiliated to competent meteorological departments at all levels need to release early warning signals through various channels in time, indicate the areas for early warning of meteorological disasters, and notify the people’s governments at the corresponding levels, their relevant departments and disaster prevention and mitigation institutions.
Local people’s governments at all levels and their relevant departments should make a good connection plan after receiving the early warning signals provided by local meteorological stations, such as how the public security traffic police department manages road traffic and how the subway can prevent and deal with stagnant water. In addition, it should be widely disseminated to the public in a timely manner, and early warning signals should be disseminated in a timely manner through television, websites, mobile phones and other media, and the names of meteorological stations and stations that issued early warning signals and the release time should be marked.
From the "release" of meteorological early warning information to the affected people, the time left for people to take disaster prevention and avoidance measures is often only a few hours or even dozens of minutes. In this limited and precious time, whether the "last mile" of meteorological early warning information goes smoothly is directly related to the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation.
Release: Return to the Whole Chain Management of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
After the release of meteorological early warning information, the weatherman should pay close attention to the development of disastrous weather, continuously observe the data that affect the early warning, and adjust the level of early warning in time. A blue warning may be upgraded to orange or red warning with the passage of time and the change of magnitude. When the disastrous weather process is over, the early warning cancellation message will be released, and the mission of early warning will be completed.
The second part of popular science reading:
What do you think of "blue, yellow, orange and red"?
In our daily life, we can often see meteorological disaster warning signals with different colors on our mobile phones and TV, and everyone is familiar with them. But when you think about it carefully, it doesn’t seem clear about the level of meteorological disasters, the impact and its defense methods represented by each color. Then, what should people do when they see the warning signal issued by the meteorological department?
look
At present, China has popularized a set of comprehensive methods for the release and dissemination of meteorological disaster warning signals, which consists of names, icons, standards and defense guidelines, and is divided into typhoon, rainstorm, blizzard, cold wave, gale, dust, high temperature, drought, lightning, hail, frost, fog, haze, road icing and so on. Warning signals of different colors indicate different levels. Generally speaking, there are four colors: blue, yellow, orange and red, which respectively correspond to the degree of harm, urgency and development trend that meteorological disasters may cause, and are Grade IV (general), Grade III (heavier), Grade II (serious) and Grade I (particularly serious).
Dichotomy
From blue, yellow to orange and red, the same kind of meteorological disaster warning signal has different levels, and the corresponding defense measures are also different. When the meteorological disaster warning signal is issued, the public should pay attention to the weather changes in time and make reasonable arrangements for travel. It should be noted that the categories and levels of meteorological disaster warning signals vary from place to place. For example, some areas will be affected by typhoons, while others will not. Some of the same categories are three-level "yellow orange red" and some are four-level "blue yellow orange red". This is because China’s geographical scope is vast, and the types and ranges affected by meteorological disasters vary from place to place. According to the characteristics of local meteorological disasters, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) can choose or add specified types of early warning signals and set different signal standards. But the same thing is that the higher the warning signal level of meteorological disasters, the more attention the public should pay.
Three actions
Generally speaking, we should pay attention to travel arrangements when we see the lowest warning signal. For example, when the blue rainstorm warning signal of the lowest level is issued, people should carefully consider the plans of traveling, going out for an outing or going to low-lying areas, and pay attention to the weather changes at any time. With the improvement of meteorological disaster warning signal level, people should make corresponding precautions, and must not "turn a blind eye" or "listen without hearing".
At the same time, we can refer to the Measures for the Release and Dissemination of Meteorological Disaster Early Warning Signals to further understand the meteorological disaster early warning signals and related preventive measures, and understand the meteorological disaster early warning signals through the official website of China Meteorological Bureau, Central Meteorological Observatory Network, China Weather Network and other channels. Schools, airports, ports, stations, highways, tourist attractions and other public places will also set up or use electronic display screens and other facilities to spread meteorological disaster warning signals.
In normal times, as long as we pay more attention to the weather and understand the meaning behind the warning signals of meteorological disasters, and don’t "underestimate the enemy" at critical moments, our awareness of prevention will be improved accordingly, and the effect of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation will be greatly improved.
(Editor: Liu Shuqiao)