one

Ten million years ago, apes were forced to move from forest to grassland, facing a more dangerous living environment. To this end, they responded by expanding the group size. grooming, which was originally used to maintain this sense of group connection, became inefficient. As a result, ape-man evolved a bigger brain, which made human babies "natural premature babies". 70,000 years ago, our ancestor Homo sapiens learned to speak. Because of the great responsibility of caring for babies, women have to rely on men. Women in subordinate positions have evolved more empathy when socializing, so that they can form a better social network. As the purpose of language evolution, gossip was formally born in this period.

Compared with the grooming behavior among primates, human gossip has obvious efficiency advantages: it contains more information and can realize a one-to-many model. For example, when one person is talking, three or more people can listen at the same time and join in the communication. At the same time, using language to gossip, participants also get the effect similar to grooming, that is, gain each other’s friendship, trust and loyalty. Therefore, gossip can be regarded as a cheap alternative mode of grooming, and it has been successfully upgraded to version 2.0. More significantly, gossip has greatly promoted the evolution of language. According to yuval harari’s opinion in A Brief History of Mankind, this well explains why Neanderthals, whose physique and intelligence were much higher than Homo sapiens, were finally eliminated by history, because of their low language level. They will only say, "There are lions by the river". The language of Homo sapiens is: "There is an adult lion by the river who has just finished drinking water and is hunting antelope."

Thus, language has become a tool of gossip. In other words, language evolved to better gossip. The gossip desire brought by rich language makes Homo sapiens know who has strong ability, who is hostile to himself and who has more resources in communication. This kind of gossip is enough to maintain a large-scale team, and on this basis, we can keep ourselves from falling into a state of being at a loss in tribal conflicts. It can be said that it is the power of gossip that makes Homo sapiens stand out, and has written a colorful stroke in the history of human civilization. In this way, as primates, early humans first combed each other’s hair, then chatted and gossiped, and finally all became a group of people who ate melons. This human characteristic ensures that the fire of gossip will not burn out in the long evolutionary history of later generations, and even flourish, thus laying the foundation for a beautiful new world of gossip for everyone.

two

Gossip is the need of small-scale human cooperation. Before the official news communication channel is established, human beings need to exchange information, evaluate others, restrain behavior, form values and reach a consensus through some channels, so as to complete group cooperation, defeat other species and seek favorable conditions for survival. In other words, before fictional stories and formal channels for news release, all human communication activities could only be conducted through "gossip". Furthermore, in early human life, "gossip" is news, and news is "gossip". There is no difference between them.

With the evolution of history, the need for large-scale human cooperation has emerged. At this time, a fictional story based on gossip was born. These fictional stories, except for some officially published works, mainly contain a large number of literary works from the folk and alluding to reality-especially poems and novels. Yes, it was gossip that contributed to the birth of the first batch of realistic literary masterpieces. As the first collection of China’s poems, The Book of Songs, which was written from 11th century BC to 6th century BC, contains a lot of gossip news. For example, there is an article "The wall has its own rules", which reads: "The wall has its own rules and cannot be swept. The conversations in your palace can hardly be said to be exported. What can be said is also ugly. " Directly gossip about the scandal of Xuan Jiang, the wife of Wei Xuangong, having an affair with an illegitimate child. The history of later generations will prove time and again that the secret inside the walls of the deep palace will always be the gossip focus of the people who eat melons.

Fiction is inseparable from gossip, and it can even be said that fiction is gossip. Ban Gu, a historian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, defined the novel as follows: "Novelists flow because of officials; The street talks about the gossip, and the hearsay is also made. " That is to say, what novelists do is mainly to record the gossip in folk streets and report it to the chief. Novelists are independent, but because the recorded events are from hearsay, just like today’s gossip bloggers, they are still regarded as worthless (which explains why novels have been seriously underestimated for a long time in the history of China). The materials of novels usually come from fables, historical biographies (especially unofficial history), literati’s notes and folk entertainment. Except for fables with strong imagination and symbolic meaning, the latter three have a strong realistic foundation and are variations of gossip in various forms.

It is precisely because of its strong reality that gossip can actively reflect social life and regulate behavior norms, and even influence politics, so all the rulers in China have attached great importance to it, for example, sending officials to collect poems and setting up Yuefu to collect folk songs, with the aim of examining people’s feelings for reference in politics. "History of Han Art and Literature" says: "In ancient times, there were officials who collected poems, so kings looked at customs, knew gains and losses, and taught themselves to be correct." At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Yellow Scarf Army Uprising opened the prelude to the Three Kingdoms in the singing of "Heaven is dead, Yellow Heaven is standing, and the world is prosperous at the age of 60".

three

If you want to select the most famous and interesting collection of gossip stories, Shi Shuo Xin Yu must be on the list. This note novel written in the Southern Dynasties records the anecdotes of many celebrities, handsome guys, beautiful women and dignitaries in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the golden age of thought and art, which is rare in China’s history, a dazzling group of "online celebrity" was born, including Shi Chong and Wang Kai, Wei Jie, a handsome man, Pan An, and Ji Kang and Ruan Ji … Among them, the most popular group belongs to "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", and they swept most of the headlines. In fact, these people drank, pick up hot chicks and took drugs (eating "Five Stones". In the troubled times of Wei and Jin dynasties, seven young people with lofty ideals made their debut in groups. Because they don’t want to get involved in the power struggle, they usually don’t do practical things, so they set the league rules of "Mo Yan’s state affairs", which is simply a clean stream in the troubled times.

Notes on Shi Shuo Xin Yu

With its handsome appearance and exquisite talent, the first men’s team in China history, composed of seven handsome guys, has numerous fans, from princes and nobles to ordinary people, all of whom are fascinated by it. Ji Kang, the representative of the Seven Sages in the Bamboo Forest, is not only first-class in piano skills, but also superb in aura. A song "Guangling Qu" has brought down countless fans, and even Wang Rong and Shan Tao in the team are his diehard fans. Look at the wonderful description in Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rong Zhi: "Ji Kang is seven feet eight inches long and has a unique charm. When he sees it, he sighs,’ Xiao Xiao Su Su, bright and clear.’ Or the cloud says,’ Su Su is like a loose wind, high and gentle.’ Shan Gong (Shan Tao) said:’ Uncle Ji Ye (Ji Kang Zi) is also a man, and Yan Yan is lonely and independent; He is drunk, and if Russia (towering) is about to collapse. " "Later generations used" Yushan "to describe the drunken appearance of handsome men.

Of course, the gossip in Shi Shuo Xin Yu is not only idolatry, but also the exposure and satire of social reality. For example, there is a record in the article "Waste": "The Emperor Wudi tasted Wang Wuzi’s home, and Wu Zi offered it for food, and used glazed utensils. There are more than 100 male servants, all of whom are graceful and graceful, holding food and drink with their hands. It is not beautiful, but different from the usual taste. The emperor asked him, and replied,’ Drink wine with human milk’. The emperor was very upset, so he went before he finished eating. " A few years ago, the topic of "keeping healthy with human milk" of the rich people caused a lot of criticism on the Internet, but it was a drop in the bucket compared with Wang Ji’s "keeping pigs with human milk". Legend has it that Nero, the ancient Roman emperor, was extravagant and burned Rome for the expansion of his palace, and the extravagant wind among the Wei and Jin dynasties did not fall behind. The article "Waste" is a comment on Wang Ji, Shi Chong and others’ arrogance and extravagance. They beheaded their handmaids as wine drinkers and made up money to decorate the fence, which was enough to destroy all people’s illusions about modesty and elegance.

four

Of course, note novels can’t meet the urgent needs of the people who eat melons for real-time gossip. At the beginning of the 11th century, people wanted to know which geisha Liu Yong, the top singer at that time, was in love with, rather than looking through gossip anecdotes compiled hundreds of years ago. Therefore, the all-encompassing and all-encompassing folk tabloids, as well as various entertainment and leisure places such as brothels, washes, chess houses, theaters, gambling houses, hunting grounds and teahouses, have become important sources for people to know first-hand gossip news. Negative news about the court, society and individuals, such as which official was summoned privately by the emperor, where floods broke out and flooded many houses, how many people died from the plague, and what negative events happened to which official, are unlikely to appear in the official Dibao. However, these gossip information also involves all aspects of interests, so people in the upper class need an alternative kind of "Dibao", that is, the tabloid that goes up to the court and down to the life of officials.

In the late Northern Song Dynasty, this kind of privately printed tabloid appeared (this is an epoch-making event in the history of China’s press and publication), and its editors and publishers were mainly editors of Dibao, but the sources of news were not limited to censors and other officials, and there were also special news inspectors. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Sheng recorded in The Ruling and Opposition Category that there were so-called internal spies, provincial spies and official spies, all of which were private tabloids, and the rate was forbidden to leak, so they were called "news" by stealth. Besides, ladies-in-waiting, handmaids, pages and so on are all reliable people who can provide inside information. The appearance of the tabloid enabled the dignitaries in the upper class not only to know the negative news of the society in time, but also to grasp the private lives of their political opponents. Of course, the content in the tabloid, like today’s gossip, has both true and fabricated rumors. There are countless officials who are influenced by the gossip information in the tabloid, among which Zhu Xi, a great scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, suffered greatly. When Zhu Xi was "popular", an incredible gossip came out in the tabloid: Zhu Xi was cheating with his daughter-in-law. This made Zhu Xi angry and embarrassed, and there was no other way but for the dumb to eat Rhizoma Coptidis.

If the tabloid is more corresponding to the upper class, then the entertainment places are caught in the net, including high-class dignitaries, middle-class literati and ordinary ordinary people, so the news here almost covers the gossip of the whole society from top to bottom. As a result, we can see that there is such a bridge in many costume dramas: people from all walks of life gain other people’s privacy through these men and women who hang out in entertainment places, precisely because many people from all walks of life like to go to brothels, listen to ditties and mix gambling houses. In that era when there were no social media, variety shows and film and television broadcasts, most of the lyrics of Liu Yong, a gold medalist in the Northern Song Dynasty, came from romantic places, which spread widely and had a deep influence, from the ear of the emperor (a crane to the sky angered Song Renzong) to the people of Li, as the saying goes, "Where there is a well, all the lyrics are sung." A song "Rain Bells" (chilling and sorrowful) hides the explosive gossip news that makes the people who eat melons bloody, and we can appreciate the terrorist influence of spreading gossip in entertainment places.

five

In the 18th century, industrial revolution in europe was surging, which gave birth to gossip news in the modern sense. On the one hand, with the development of the industrial revolution, the autonomy of the countryside has been broken, which has become a part of the whole industrial world, and then various information needs for distant social conditions, raw materials, transportation and people have been born. At the same time, villagers left the countryside and entered the city to become industrial workers. The city is so huge that gossip information is beyond the reach of mouth and ears. People can’t know what happened on the other side of new york, London or Paris, so those interpersonal gossips that were originally "heard at the end of the village" need special middlemen to transit, and commercialized gossip was born.

Since the 1930s, the popular newspaper industry, represented by The New York Sun and The New York Herald, began to sell ordinary people’s gossip, including murder, violence, pornography, and so on. In form, it experienced three stages of development: yellow news, sensational reporting and tabloidization. Different from celebrity gossip, the selling point of ordinary gossip is things rather than people. Although the protagonists of gossip are often changed, their themes and even plots are very similar. They are always about accidents, ecstasy, great happiness, impermanence of life and death, good and evil results, ups and downs of life experience … the ancient motif that human destiny revolves around. People’s attention to the gossip of ordinary people is not due to the abnormality of the protagonist, but precisely to the normality of the protagonist. They stare at the unusual stories of these ordinary people; And once chosen by fate, they will repeat similar stories. In this sense, "all the shocking headlines in the newspaper are actually common things in the world."

Looking through the gossip news and old news, we can find a permanent theme: the constant conflict between isolated individuals and social regulations. It occasionally involves the upper class, but it is always full of the impermanence of the fate of the lower class. Ordinary people gossip is always about the unusual things of fate-occasionally good, mostly bad, such as violent death, suicide, separation of flesh and blood, wind and dust, overnight wealth, semi-empty … These daily updated stories are "not about traditional moral codes, but a living morality, an individual judgment that newspaper readers need to make every day". A secret fact is that these horror stories in the gossip of ordinary people may fall on your head one day. It is by watching the stories of ordinary people that the people who eat melons learn and cope with the choices and uncertainties in life. Yes, eating melons is a complex behavior of thinking about life and fate with a trembling pleasure.

six

Undoubtedly, compared with ordinary people’s gossip, people who eat melons are more interested in celebrity gossip. Celebrity gossip has a long history. Celebrities in ancient Rome were monarchs or warriors, celebrities in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were elegant celebrities, celebrities in the early 19th century were politicians, saints and social activists, and celebrities in the late 19th century were successful people such as political stars and business tycoons. By the 1920s, the main composition of celebrities had shifted from productism (business and scientific elites) to the representative of consumerism (entertainment and sports stars), and this huge wave of consumerism has been affecting today. Despite many controversies, celebrity journalism became a formal news category at the beginning of the 20th century. It not only has a special media organization, distribution platform and market segments, but even firmly occupies the special pages of serious newspapers.

In the loose and atomized mass society, celebrity gossip is one of the few events that can unite the eyes of all walks of life. People’s attention to celebrity gossip can easily be extended to pan-social issues and moral issues. For example, the concern about the marriage problems of Wang Baoqiang, Jerry and other stars actually discusses the legal and moral contract in modern marriage; The debate on the family education mode of celebrities reflects the diversity and conflict of modern parenting ideas; The criticism of Zheng Shuang’s surrogacy abandonment incident makes people reflect on the legal and ethical issues behind it; The discussion on Wu Hechen, a disciple of Deyun Society, raising money through water droplets is related to the allocation criteria of social resources. The exposure of celebrity sexual harassment and even the Metoo movement sweeping the world point to the social reality of gender oppression and gender discrimination. The discussion on this kind of celebrity gossip has gone beyond the category of private affairs and become a public affair that unites group identification. By sharing and commenting on these celebrity gossip, girlfriends build a stronger sense of connection with each other.

Of course, the entertainment attribute of celebrity gossip is the eternal love of the masses who eat melons. Celebrities are either handsome in appearance or gifted, or successful in life. People are always used to projecting themselves on celebrities. The superior social status of celebrities often means oppressive plunder of resources. Therefore, people who eat melons are especially happy to see the negative news of high-ranking people, such as the disaster of Qi people caused by Tmall President Jiang Fan, the wives and concubines of Macau gamblers, the love and hate of Samsung family, the parting of Lao Yan, the founder of Amazon, and so on, as well as various movie and television stars, talent show stars, reality show stars and top-notch online celebrity gossip. Through functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) research, it is found that the negative gossip of celebrities can significantly activate the reward center of the brain. Adam Perkins, a neurobiologist, commented that we are essentially running around in the modern world with the brains of cavemen. When a celebrity walks off the altar, the reward center of our brain is activated, as if witnessing the failure of a more successful competitor in our tribe.

seven

Today, with the rise and strength of online social media such as hot search rankings, the gossip of people who eat melons is simply dizzying, and sometimes several heavy melons appear one after another in one day, which makes senior gossip people a little indigestion (because there are one after another after the opening of the year in 2021, some netizens even ridicule that 2021 is the year of melons). Due to the unprecedented development of gossip information and the deep anxiety that pervades the whole society, the 21st century has become a veritable era of everyone gossiping. As the adhesive of social relations, gossip continues to explode with amazing energy in this era. If a person can collect many unknown secrets and know many people at the same time, gossip will have an influence. So someone added the third quotient: gossip quotient after IQ and EQ.

No matter how keen you are on gossip, almost everyone knows the simple truth that whenever we talk about others, we are talking about ourselves to some extent. When we know that a seemingly happy marriage is on the rocks, that a respectable big man has abused his family, or that a well-behaved celebrity has an unspeakable quirk, we will be relieved: they have the same troubles as me, and they are as ordinary as me. This explains why people who eat melons are often keen to watch, share and comment on the negative news of celebrities. Although there is an old saying that "sit still and think about yourself, and gossip is not about people’s mistakes", people who eat melons have long forgotten the ecstasy of sharing big melons, enjoying the wonderful feeling of β -endorphin secreted by their brains when gossiping. As the saying goes, "gossip is cool for a while, and gossip has always been cool."

Virtue of bad habits

Of course, although gossip is loved by everyone, talking about other people’s negative news is more or less morally flawed. Therefore, gossip is sometimes more like an adventure. When people are gossiping, they are worried that walls have ears, while enjoying the thrill of challenging the rules. In this regard, the American philosopher Emrys Westacott righted the gossip in the book The Virtue of Bad Habits: "Moral purity is the characteristic of a saint, but this sage-like life needs to be achieved at the risk of reducing wealth, passion and challenge, which is inhuman." At the same time, he gave many benefits of gossip with profound insight into human nature, including "gloating (others’ misfortunes will make us feel a kind of vicious happiness), gloating (discussing others’ failures or misfortunes can cause us to feel complacent about our own virtues, abilities or wisdom), feeling of power (information superiority generated by the subject being discussed or the audience who are not yet aware) and itching pleasure (spying on others).

Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language

It can be seen that gossip is just like human nature, neither a devil nor an angel, but a person is just a person. Gossip is neither synonymous with gossip and vulgarity as people generally think, nor a perfect thing without moral flaws. But on the whole, people generally underestimate the power of gossip. It was not until the second half of the 20th century, especially when Robin Dunbar, a famous British anthropologist, wrote the masterpiece of popular science, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, that people began to realize the great value of gossip. Gossip, with the image of a titan-like ancient hero, has entered the modern era with the dark atmosphere in the depths of history. In the rolling tide of secularization that has gradually stepped down from the altar, it tries to surpass the powerful "Schopenhauer Pendulum" with certain social attributes and entertainment spirit inherent to human beings-by talking about the other who is not present, so that human beings can temporarily get rid of the tragic situation of alternating rule of boredom and pain and get some symbolic psychological comfort.

Heidegger said: "Language is the home of existence." As an animal of language, gossip always makes human beings feel at home. Or further, gossip is the essence of human beings.

1905 movie network news The spring of good actors has really come!

　

Recently, she won the Best Actress of China Watch Award, becoming the first actress to win this honor after 00.

Zifeng Zhang accepted the prize on the stage, and "Brother" applauded proudly, happier than winning the prize himself! This time, the film starring Peng Yuchang also won an excellent theme award at the China Watch Award.

Transformation and Fame: "National Brothers and Sisters" in Peng Yuchang, Zifeng Zhang

As a "play bone" of the post-00 generation who has been in the business for nearly 17 years, Zifeng Zhang, a child star, has always been an "acting school".

　

At the age of 8, she won the Hundred Flowers Award Award for Best Newcomer for her role of "Little Party Deng". At the age of 11, she was in Modern Times and opposite play, and the acting skills of "Father and Daughter" in the film were even.

At the age of 14, Zifeng Zhang left a classic shot only with a horrified smile after the truth was revealed.

　

In the same year as Zifeng Zhang’s "Evil Smile", Peng Yuchang made his debut as a "strong father-in-law" with the comedy go princess go.

Since then, from her first appearance to The Birth of an Actor, Peng Yuchang, who is smart and outstanding, has become the favorite "Little Bo Huang" of the audience.

Peng Yuchang and Zifeng Zhang are affectionately called "national brothers and sisters", and they fight with each other in private, which is enviable. When it comes to the fact that the two are officially brothers and sisters, I have to mention thatJune 14thIt’s on the movie channel at 15:32.

Zifeng Zhang was 17 and Peng Yuchang was 24 when the film was made. In the film, the two performed daily fights between Chinese brothers and sisters. Peng Yuchang’s strength was "pit sister" and Zifeng Zhang shouted "Take my brother away quickly"!

　

After the film was released, stars such as,, and praised the platform for the film. This dark horse film once created a small miracle in the film market — — Invested 40 million yuan and accumulated 375 million box office.

Natural Studio: Xiamen and the Film and Television Industry’s Bidirectional Going.

Directed by Zheng Fenfen, the film is adapted from the comic book of the same name of You Ling Sisters: Sister second of time (Zifeng Zhang) can’t stand the teasing of her brother (Peng Yuchang), and her wish to take her brother away comes true. While second of time is delighted, he gradually discovers his brother’s unknown secret … …

　

Locomotive, tunnel, railway track, old wharf … … The film is full of youthful literature and art and Haicheng style. The whole story takes place in Ludao (Xiamen’s nickname ~), and the filming location of "Ludao Middle School" in the film is in Xiamen No.1 Middle School.

80% of the filming location of the film is in Xiamen. At the beginning, the market (eight cities) that second of time passed by by riding an electric car is near Zhongshan Road and Datong Road, where the daily necessities behind the literary Xiamen are branded.

When I came home from school with second of time, I had to go through a tunnel. This is the local Hongshan Tunnel, which was abandoned and transformed into a promenade-style park.

The classic pirate ship restaurant scene in the film is located in Mingfa Commercial Plaza, with a "magical" layout like a maze.

At the end of the film, second of time rode an electric car to find his brother, and the Yanwu Bridge passed by extended to the sea, which is the closest bridge to the sea level in the world at present.

It is no exaggeration to describe Xiamen, a city on the southeast border, with "poetry and distance".

　

As a recognized "natural studio", many well-known film and television crews such as Crazy Racing came here to shoot.

　

Xiamen film and television company is also deeply involved in the production of film and television dramas, such as this year’s hit "Long Season". The TV series "Top Secret Mission" produced by Xiamen, Minning Town, also gained high ratings.

Since 2019, China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival has settled in Xiamen for a long time. At the beginning of June, the first China TV drama conference opened in Xiamen. It can be said that Xiamen and the film and television industry are going in both directions.

　

Fantasy and reality: "My brother becomes her brother" is precious.

Steal second of time’s pocket money, put flour in the hair dryer, and tie second of time’s braid to the bedside with a headrope … … "Laugh and hide the base" is constantly damaging, and it is always fooling second of time. Unbearable, second of time made a wish on his birthday to "take my brother away quickly"!

Therefore, the film adopts the setting of "My brother becomes her brother", which makes Time become the brother of my best friend Miaomiao.

　

The setting of "changing brothers" uses surreal expression techniques, just as Zhong Charlotte unexpectedly returns to youth and finally realizes life and finds true love, or as Zhong Jia Xiaoling accidentally travels back 20 years and meets her mother Li Huanying, who is in her youth.

They all have something in common: setting up "conflict+reversal", the jokes in the first half are paved and transformed into sensational tears in the second half.

In the film, second of time gradually sees the truth: my brother teases her every day because he doesn’t want her to see the broken relationship between her parents, and collecting puzzles in an unreliable way is also to fulfill her wish … …

At the end of the film, second of time and Minute are facing each other across the train track. Her sentence "Brother, you left me behind" makes the strong Minute unable to control the tears in her eyes any more. The film ends with "Grow Up with Me" sung by Clare.

Because of the second hand, the minute hand will turn. This movie can be called good-looking every minute. Come to the movie channel at 15:32 on June 14th to watch this fantasy comedy with tears in laughter!

　　BEIJING, Jan. 13 (Zhongxin Finance Shao Wanyun) On the 13th, the State Council Office held a press conference on financial statistics in 2022, and the relevant person in charge of the central bank responded to issues such as real estate, rectification of platform enterprises, RMB exchange rate, inflation and digital RMB.

　　Introduce structural tools to focus on supporting the smooth operation of the real estate market.

　　Zou Lan, director of the Monetary Policy Department of the People’s Bank of China, said at the meeting that we are studying and launching several other structural tools recently, which mainly focus on supporting the smooth operation of the real estate market, including the Baojiaolou loan support plan, the housing lease loan support plan and the private enterprise bond financing support tool, etc., and we will make some detailed disclosure and release after the introduction.

　　In addition, at the end of September last year, the People’s Bank of China and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued a notice, clarifying that eligible city governments can decide to relax the lower limit of the interest rate of the newly issued first home loan in stages in the fourth quarter. Zou Lan introduced that the interest rate of new personal housing loans in December was 4.26% nationwide, which was the lowest level in history since statistics were available in 2008.

　　Zou Lan also said that in view of some adjustments in the real estate market, the People’s Bank of China, together with relevant departments, made efforts from both supply and demand in accordance with the deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to promote the smooth operation of the real estate market. With the effects of relevant policies gradually emerging, the financing environment of the real estate industry, especially high-quality housing enterprises, has improved significantly in recent days. From the data, from September to November last year, real estate development loans increased by more than 170 billion yuan, an increase of more than 200 billion yuan year-on-year. In the fourth quarter of last year, domestic real estate corporate bonds issued more than 120 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22%.

　　In terms of risk prevention, the relevant departments drafted the Action Plan for Improving the Balance Sheet Plan of Quality Housing Enterprises. The action plan focuses on high-quality real estate enterprises that focus on their main business, operate in compliance, have good qualifications and have certain systemic importance, and focuses on promoting 21 tasks in four aspects: "asset activation", "debt continuation", "equity supplement" and "expected promotion", comprehensively implementing policies to improve the cash flow of high-quality real estate enterprises and guide the balance sheets of high-quality real estate enterprises to return to a safe range. The plan sets the conditions for high-quality housing enterprises, and there is no specific list, which is independently grasped by financial institutions.

　　The rectification of 14 large-scale platform enterprises such as Ant Group has been basically completed.

　　Ma Jianyang, head of the Financial Markets Department of the People’s Bank of China, said that since November 2020, the financial management department has guided and urged 14 large-scale platform enterprises such as Ant Group to carry out solid rectification in view of the outstanding problems in the past financial business, such as unlicensed operation, regulatory arbitrage, disorderly expansion and infringement on consumers’ rights and interests. At present, most problems have been basically rectified, large-scale platform enterprises operate in compliance and compete fairly, consumer protection awareness has been significantly enhanced, and financial business has been continuously standardized.

　　At the same time, the financial management department has issued a series of targeted institutional documents in the fields of third-party payment, personal credit investigation, Internet deposit, insurance, securities, funds, etc., and the regulatory framework for the normalization of financial business of platform enterprises has been initially formed, laying a good institutional foundation for the subsequent normalization supervision.

　　Ma Yuyang said that in the next step, the financial management department will conscientiously implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Central Economic Work Conference, adhere to the "two unwavering", pay equal attention to development and standardization, and support the healthy development of the platform economy.

　　First, continue to push relevant platform enterprises to speed up the rectification of the remaining few problems, and complete the rectification work from the beginning to the end. The second is to improve the level of normalized supervision, further improve the regulatory system and mechanism, strengthen the construction of regulatory scientific and technological strength, support platform enterprises to operate in compliance, develop financial business prudently, and have zero tolerance for illegal financial activities. The third is to study and formulate financial support measures to promote the healthy development of platform economy, support platform enterprises to improve their scientific and technological innovation ability and service quality and efficiency, consolidate and enhance their international competitiveness, and show their talents in leading development, creating jobs and international competition.

　　It is predicted that China’s inflation level will remain moderate in 2023.

　　Zou Lan said that from a global perspective, last year experienced a wave of high inflation that had never happened in decades. In sharp contrast, China maintained the basic stability of the price level, which was not easy. In the past five years and ten years, the average annual increase of consumer prices in China has remained at around 2%. This fully proves the superiority of China’s socialist system and the effectiveness of macro-control.

　　Zou Lan mentioned that in 2023, China’s inflation level is expected to remain moderate overall, but we should also pay attention to the potential possibility of inflation rebound.

　　On the one hand, China’s overall supply is abundant, demand is still recovering, and there was no excess currency in the past, so inflation is expected to remain stable. At present, China’s economy is still in the process of recovery and development, the industrial chain and supply chain are running smoothly, the lack of effective demand is still the main contradiction, and the output gap is still negative. In the short term, inflationary pressure is generally controllable. In the medium and long term, China is one of the major producers in the world, with a generally balanced economic supply and demand, stable monetary policy and stable inflation expectations of residents, which has favorable conditions for maintaining a basically stable price level.

　　On the other hand, the uncertainty of price trend still exists, so we should not take the inflation situation lightly, and pay close attention to the potential of its future warming. Domestically, China’s M2 growth rate has been in a relatively high position for some time, which does not rule out that the impact on prices is lagging behind. With the optimization of epidemic prevention and control measures, residents’ consumption kinetic energy will be gradually released, and the total demand tends to heat up, which may also be accompanied by some upward pressure of inflation. From an international perspective, geopolitical conflicts still disturb the global energy supply, and inflation in developed economies is still at a high level, so imported pressures also need to be vigilant.

　　In the next stage, the People’s Bank of China will adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with the deepening of structural reform on the supply side, give prominence to the work of stabilizing growth, employment and prices, maintain a prudent monetary policy with precision and strength, give consideration to short-term and long-term, economic growth and price stability, internal equilibrium and external equilibrium, strengthen coordination and cooperation among policies, and promote the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of the economy.

　　Increase credit support for private small and micro enterprises

　　Ma Jianyang mentioned that in recent years, due to the repeated impact of the epidemic and the unstable international situation, China’s economy is facing greater downward pressure, making it more difficult for private enterprises to operate. The People’s Bank of China has continuously improved the financing environment of private small and micro enterprises by innovating structural monetary policy tools, improving credit support policies and broadening diversified financing channels.

　　In the next step, the People’s Bank of China will adhere to the problem orientation, focus on social concerns, guide financial institutions to treat all types of ownership enterprises equally, and create a better financial environment for the development and growth of private economy and private enterprises.

　　First, further increase credit support for private small and micro enterprises, continue to make good use of structural tools and increase efforts. The second is to further expand the scale of private enterprise bond financing. The third is to further improve the financial service level of private small and micro enterprises. The fourth is to further promote the standardized and healthy development of platform enterprises.

　　Keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level.

　　Since 2022, major developed economies such as the United States, the euro zone and the United Kingdom have substantially tightened monetary policy and raised interest rates, which has had a tightening effect on the global financial system, and cross-border funds in emerging market economies are facing outflow pressure.

　　Xuan Changneng, deputy governor of the People’s Bank of China, said that the market has certain expectations for the Fed to raise interest rates in 2023. The autonomy and stability of China’s financial system are enhanced, and the expected stability of RMB exchange rate is helpful to buffer and cope with external risks, especially the spillover effect brought by interest rate hikes in developed economies. Generally speaking, the adjustment of monetary policy in developed economies has limited impact on China, and may have greater impact on other smaller emerging market economies.

　　With regard to the RMB exchange rate situation, since mid-November, 2022, with the effectiveness of domestic policies and measures to stabilize the economy, measures to optimize epidemic prevention and control and financial support for real estate policies have been introduced one after another, and the market expects that the Federal Reserve will slow down the pace of raising interest rates, the US dollar index has dropped to a high level, and the RMB exchange rate against the US dollar has gradually turned to an appreciation trend. On December 5, the spot exchange rate rose back to within 7.0.

　　Xuan Changneng said that the current and future trend of RMB exchange rate will be affected by multiple factors such as domestic and international economic and financial situation, balance of payments, market risk preference, etc., and short-term uncertainty is inevitable. Generally speaking, there is a solid foundation for maintaining basic stability.

　　Recently, China’s economy has generally continued to recover, and the epidemic prevention and control has been dynamically optimized. In the context of high global inflation, we have maintained the basic stability of prices. Considering the decline in the economic prosperity index of major economies, the growth rate of China’s trade surplus may have slowed down. Under the comprehensive action of various forces, China’s RMB exchange rate will generally maintain a stable operation. After years of financial reform and opening up, the depth and breadth of China’s foreign exchange market have been greatly improved, the flexibility of RMB exchange rate has been enhanced, market expectations have been stable, cross-border capital flows have been orderly, and international payments have been independently balanced. The RMB exchange rate will continue to remain basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level.

　　Digital RMB into M0

　　From December, 2022, financial statistics will include digital RMB data in M0 (currency in circulation) statistics.

　　In this regard, Xuan Changneng said that the digital RMB is the legal tender in digital form issued by the People’s Bank of China, and like the physical RMB, it is essentially a monetary component. From the point of view of statistics and management, it is necessary to make statistics, combined analysis and overall management of the two.

　　Xuan Changneng further stated that in recent years, with the gradual deepening of the digital renminbi pilot, the application scenarios of digital renminbi have steadily expanded, the transaction amount and stock have also increased, and the relevant management and statistical systems have been continuously improved. Incorporating digital RMB into M0 statistics can more accurately reflect the overall size of currency in circulation. By the end of 2022, the stock of digital RMB in circulation was 13.61 billion yuan, and the year-on-year growth rate of M0 was 15.3% after it was included. (End)

Author | Gu Han

Editor | Li Chunhui

　

Driven by phenomenal explosions, the change of market popularity, and the high pressure and high risk in real life, today’s audience is more and more interested in realistic themes. Numerous puzzles and anxieties need to be pinned on them, and correspondingly, the upstream of the industry has also improved the supply of realistic themes.

　

However, rushing to the top often means that mud and sand are coming down and gold is sought in the sand. The "heat anxiety" in new media communication has invaded the creation of long content in the opposite direction. In a new batch of realistic dramas, there are not a few "topic cancers" that mechanically accumulate social hotspots and gain heat by stimulating the audience’s emotions and provoking netizens to quarrel.

　

Can the realistic theme only be rolled in the direction of "10w+ public document"? The new drama "Female Psychologist", which started on November 23, seems to provide another answer with the positioning of "urban warm-hearted healing drama"

　

　

Ten feet of red dust make people sick.But besides the catharsis of dog’s blood and the imaginative reconciliation in He Shuang’s plays, perhaps it can really cure diseases.It is good not to give up treatment too early for realistic drama and mental illness.

　

Revitalize the classic IP and fill the vacancy of the theme

　

"Female Psychologist" is produced by Yulele and Youku, with Guo Feng and Xiaoxi Gao as the chief producers, directed by Sam Quah and starring Andy, Jing Bo Ran, Wang Jia and Joyce. It tells the story of Daniel Horton, a psychological counselor, who helps "visitors" solve their psychological problems, and heals others at the same time.

　

The novel of the same name was written in 2007. The author Bi Shumin is not only a famous contemporary writer, but also has the professional qualification and clinical experience of psychological counseling. The book brings together various cases.

　

Team Guo Feng has been interested in this IP for a long time.First, the theme of psychological counseling is still blank in China.Second, the whole society has been paying more attention to mental health. Thirdly, as mentioned above, the dual identity of the author is really rare, and the literariness and professionalism of the novel are guaranteed.

　

In Bi Shumin’s memory, what impressed her most about this young team was their keen interest and in-depth understanding of psychological topics.

　

When she first came up with the idea of combining psychology to create novels, Bi Shumin deliberately avoided the more popular and dramatic criminal psychology and abnormal psychology, and chose to write about the psychology of ordinary people, hoping to arouse people’s attention to their own mental health, which is where she most hopes to reach a consensus with the producers.

　

It has been fourteen years since the creation of novels, and great changes have taken place in social reality and media environment. In Bi Shumin’s view, the good thing is that the popularity of mental health has increased, people can face up to mental illness and are willing to turn to professional treatment. But on the other hand, new psychological problems are also emerging.

　

For example, inferiority complex has become a common problem among young people. "Appearance anxiety, height anxiety, contempt for career chain … squeezed by many existing concepts, I feel that I am not perfect."

　

Another example is division. “Instead of unswervingly adhering to a principle, today’s principle and tomorrow’s principle fluctuate back and forth, causing huge consumption of psychological energy.People may become cynical, depressed or at a loss. "Bi Shumin to hard candy gentleman to mingle.

　

　

Therefore, it is not too late to adapt this novel in 2021, even at that time. "If you have mental illness, you can also be inspired by watching similar cases being cured on TV. This is the significance that psychological drama is different from any other drama series, and our warm healing attribute is very strong. " Guo Feng said.

　

In the play, the four-person leading group runs through, and their coexistence and their respective reconciliation growth mainly emphasize family, friendship and love. "Through the interweaving of these emotions, we remind everyone to look back and see if these three emotions in their lives have been fully protected."

Warm Tips from The Female Psychologist

　

There are more than ten cases in the form of unit drama, which cover a wide range, involving multiple characters, multiple scenes and diverse professional therapies. "And all our cases have solutions, whether from psychologists, radio anchors or other angles.None of them create anxiety, just tearing the wound instead of sewing it.. "Guo Feng said.

　

Open a professional drama with suspense

　

In fact, before this cooperation, the copyright of Female Psychologist had been sold for two rounds. Every time it failed to be filmed successfully, the copyright regret returned to the author.

　

The difficulty of its development can be imagined: to make this work in the 00′ s keep up with the times, to make the psychological consultation based on dialogue look good and not boring, and to balance drama and professionalism, which is a classic problem that any work with a career as its selling point has to face.

　

Guo Feng told Hard Sugar Jun that the way they adapted the novel was to absorb the essence, but not to stick to it. "Heal yourself by healing others. People living in this world can’t just ask for others from outside, but also ask for help from inside. These are what Mr. Bi has always emphasized in his novels, and we also hope to put these ideas into the play. "

　

At the same time, on the basis of the author’s consent, they changed the protagonist’s design and the fate of the characters, and combined with visits, research, discussion, study, and inviting a team of consultants to check the script, they re-added, deleted and screened out a number of cases that are more relevant to people’s physical and mental conditions and refined them.

　

For example, at the beginning of the series, it was the suicide crisis of female high school student You Na that made Daniel Horton and Qian Kaiyi intersect. In recent years, reports about juvenile delinquency or self-harm frequently appear in social news. In the comment area, we can see the fierce confrontation between old and new ideas, and there are still many people who think that children are too fragile or selfish. It is the duty of literary and artistic works to reflect practical problems and provide a space for discussion and popularization of science.

　

　

Zhu Li, a screenwriter, was exposed to psychological themes for the first time and encountered great challenges in the process. When writing a script, screenwriters often have to substitute various roles to speak and do things. "I am good at’ playing’ a person with emotional problems." Zhu Li teased herself about Hard Sugar Jun, but how to play a psychological counselor was completely at a loss. "I wrote’ Daniel Horton, colon’ on the manuscript, and then I didn’t know what to say. I didn’t know whether she smiled or not in front of the visitors, and what skills she used to communicate."

　

Later, thanks to the support of a team of professional consultants, she changed her strategy:The screenwriter is responsible for the good-looking story, and the consultant is responsible for guiding the professional lines and correcting the bugs in the story."We are constantly pulling, and the real performance of this part cannot be compromised? What part of the story performance can’t be compromised? Finally, I got a state that everyone recognized, which was neither too big bug nor very beautiful. "

　

Although people’s hearts are mysterious and the reality is complicated and heavy, it is not difficult to see that The Female Psychologist is not a work with a heavy tone. Guo Feng, as the chief producer, and Zhu Li, as the screenwriter, both paid attention to the audience experience in their interviews. They hoped that the play would be professional and have social benefits, and also hoped that it would be good-looking and entertaining.

　

This appeal is condensed in Qian Kaiyi, played by Jing Bo Ran. He is the only person in the play who has no mental illness, and he is the warm baby and the little sun in and out of the play. "Now everyone is tired and wants to see negative things. Just open the social news and you can watch it." Zhu Li said frankly, "So when we create, we keep asking ourselves why we write this thing." From beginning to end, their choice is not to "torture the audience", but to "unbuckle" the audience.

　

In addition, the joining of Sam Quah, the director of the film Sheep Without A Shepherd, has also given more choices to the narrative methods of the drama series, making the audio-visual presentation more trendy and changeable.

　

　

Zhu Li revealed that Guo Feng had long suggested that the play must have suspense points, and in her view,Psychological themes have their own suspense factors-visitors may not tell the truth.Instead, they will hide themselves intentionally or unintentionally, so consultants should learn to distinguish. In addition, in the play "The Female Psychologist", the protagonist has a very big mystery, and she will keep seeing her own shadow from the visitors.

　

Guo Feng described the way in which the psychological consultation process was presented in this play as "literary drama and martial arts". "First of all, we created the concepts of white space and black space, allowing psychologists to have a subconscious dialogue with visitors. The second is to reproduce the scene that causes the root causes of psychological problems, so that the audience can work together with the teacher and put themselves in the shoes of the visitors. "

　

　

Guo Feng revealed that the whole drama was shot for five months, and it was done for six months later, hoping to achieve the ultimate presentation and let the audience and the industry feel innovative. "I hope that everyone will not regard it as a pure professional drama, nor as an idol drama. I can only say that it is a very good-looking drama."

　

Consensus is the length of a long video.

　

The realistic theme is rarely matched in depth and breadth, so although it has been rolled for three or four years, there are still explosions. No matter whether it’s "Patrol Inspection Team" with the participation of the Supreme Film and Television Center, this year’s two high-scoring tribute dramas The Awakeing Age and Meritorious Work, or "The Truth" focusing on procuratorial technical work and "Hello, Flame Blue" depicting firefighters’ daily rescue, Youku platform is involved behind it.

　

Not TOP1 mention the first recent drama "The Sea of Stars", which describes the development of China’s foreign trade clothing industry with the background of reform and opening up. During the broadcast period, it ranked first in many hot lists such as Yunhe, Cat’s Eye, Lighthouse and Detavan, and Youku’s hot value was as high as 9998, and it ended with the proud result of the annual TV viewing champion.

　

According to Guo Feng, Youku entered the project "Female Psychologist" very early and showed great interest in this subject. Whether it’s script control, the choice of main creators and actors, or post-release and publicity, Youku has provided great help.

　

In the past, long videos were self-made, and the biggest selling point was the difference with TV series. Nowadays, long videos are actively laying out realistic themes and even main themes.The reason is that with the network video entering the second half, short video and medium video appear, the role played by long video in the media structure and the problems and challenges it faces have changed greatly.

　

After learning from a painful experience, Youku has actively adjusted its development strategy since 2019, giving up traffic thinking, firmly believing that content is king, and put forward "Don’t be extravagant and efficient; Don’t want idols and actors; Don’t flow to value "content concept, and carry out content layout accordingly.

Cat’s Eye is the top 7 in the popularity list of the whole network, and Youku has 5 seats.

　

At this year’s autumn investment promotion meeting, Xie Ying, general manager of Youku Drama Center, said,Driven by the flow-only theory, there have been many contents that create circle opposition in the past. Through more and more extreme timely feedback, it stimulates emotions and tears consensus, which brings anxiety and disharmony to society. However, what long videos are good at is precisely building consensus."Depicting the fate of the characters through long-term immersed stories allows the audience to empathize with the joys and sorrows of the characters and experience the growth of the characters."

　

Therefore, Youku will continue to lay out realistic works. "We attach great importance to the topics of the series and pay attention to whether the core of the story can resonate and empathize."

　

Looking at its film list, Youku has a strong and diverse reserve of realistic themes. The Sea of Stars and the Psychologist have met the audience successively, and the remaining works worthy of attention are:

　

Directed by Zheng Xiaolong and transformed by Zhao Liying, The Story of Xingfu; Directed by Wang Jun, the family ethics drama Xiao Min Jia, with Zhou Xun and Huang Lei as partners; The commercial war drama "Falling Flowers Season" in the era of midday sunshine and the family education theme "In the Name of a Son"; Liu Jiacheng’s Beijing-style children’s drama "Love is Full of Nine Bends", the growth story of traffic stars "Warm Sun in Winter" and the fashion industry drama "Dress Up" produced by Wuyuan Culture.

　

The next realistic explosion may be among them. Who do you think has the best chance of winning?