People’s Daily Online, Zhengzhou, October 1 (Wang Pei) On September 30, two caring citizens of Zhengzhou, Sui Xianjie and Fan Xiaojun, donated hematopoietic stem cells at the People’s Hospital of Henan Province at the same time, sending hope of rebirth to two patients with hematological diseases, becoming the 282nd and 283rd hematopoietic stem cell donation volunteers in Zhengzhou and the 795th and 796th hematopoietic stem cell donors in Henan respectively. Throughout September, 16 caring volunteers in Henan successfully donated hematopoietic stem cells, setting a new monthly donation record. On September 20th, 5 volunteers donated, setting a new daily donation record. In September, Henan was full of positive energy.

　　Sui Xianjie, who works in Zhengzhou, is 36 years old. In 2011, he joined the database of hematopoietic stem cell donors in China, expecting to contribute his love to save lives one day. After a long wait of 8 years, on June 25, 2019, Sui Xianjie received a notice that he had successfully matched a leukemia patient. At that time, Sui Xianjie was pregnant with her lover, because her family worried that the donation would have an impact, and Sui Xianjie was in a dilemma. After learning from many sources, Sui Xianjie learned that donating hematopoietic stem cells would not affect fertility, so he persuaded his family and won their support and understanding.

　　Fan Xiaojun, who is currently working in Xinzheng, is a post-90 s dad. At the age of 27, he is a private enterprise employee. Fan Xiaojun, who is kind by nature, took an active part in all kinds of caring activities when he was in school. On March 16th, 2016, in a voluntary blood donation activity, Fan Xiaojun, who is studying in Zhengzhou Institute of Science and Technology, learned about and joined the information of hematopoietic stem cell donors in China. In July 2019, Fan Xiaojun received a phone call from Zhengzhou Red Cross Society and learned that his initial matching with a blood patient was successful. Although two years have passed, Fan Xiaojun has gone from campus to society and has become a husband and father, but the promise he made during his school days is still in his mind. After receiving the notice, he agreed to donate without hesitation. After successfully passing the processes of high-resolution matching and physical examination, Fan Xiaojun’s donation is scheduled for September 30, 2019. At this time, Fan Xiaojun’s lover is still pregnant with a second child. Although it was busy at home, Fan Xiaojun’s family gave him the greatest support, so that he had no worries.

　　The Red Cross Society of Henan Province reminds that if Henan patients need unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, they can search for matching through seven hospitals including Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Third People’s Hospital, Luoyang Central Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology and Xinxiang Central Hospital, and the Chinese Bone Marrow Bank will provide free services for all patients.

The third week of May is National Nutrition Week.

This year’s theme is "How to cook, how to choose and how to read labels"

Learn to read nutrition labels

Do on-demand meal preparation and nutrition catering.

Koppjun believes that

This is a compulsory course for everyone.

So, how do we read food labels?

Make a reasonable meal plan?

The higher the ranking of ingredients, the more content.

It is stipulated in our country that all prepackaged foods must be printed with nutrition labels on the outer packaging, including ingredient list, nutrition ingredient list, nutrition claim, etc. Otherwise, it is an illegal product.

Just know one key point about the ingredient list: the higher the content, the higher the ranking.

Therefore, no matter how extravagant the advertisement is, you can understand it at first glance.

For example, if you buy dried fruit, if white sugar is at the top of the ingredient list, or if there is edible salt and oil, it is not recommended to give it to children, which will easily lead to excessive sugar and sodium in one day.

In addition, we need to pay attention to the food additives in the ingredient list.

The purpose of food additives is to meet the needs of color, fragrance, seasoning, preservation, preservation and processing technology.

The following ham sausage and instant noodles cover almost all additives.

Image source: Weibo

Slide up and down

↓ View food additives for various purposes ↓

● Color matching-colorant, color fixative and bleach.

● Flavoring-edible essence

● Seasoning-salt, flavor enhancer, sweetener, sour agent, salty agent and umami agent.

● Anticorrosion-preservatives and antioxidants

● Preservation-antioxidant

● Processing technology needs-thickener, emulsifier, etc.

● Nutritional fortification-nutritional fortifier

To sum up, the conclusion can be drawn from the ingredient list is that materials are the best for food, and the shorter the ingredient list, the better.

Understand the nutrient composition table

There are usually three main contents in the nutrient composition table. From left to right, the names of the nutrients, the contents of the nutrients and the nutrient reference values (NRV%) are listed.

The contents that must be marked in the nutrient composition table are:

01

Nutrients that need to be listed:

China adopts the "1+4" model, that is, energy+four core nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium). Except for some exempted foods, all nutritional ingredients must have these five ingredients on the list.

In addition, when there are raw materials (hydrogenated and/or partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, non-dairy creamer, etc.) that may contain trans fatty acids in the ingredient list, it must be marked.

Merchants can also selectively add some nutrients. For example, dairy products usually add "calcium" and coarse grain products often add "cellulose".

Examples of nutritional components of basic models in GB 28050-2011

02

Specific values corresponding to five items:

Generally speaking, how much is contained in "every 100g", drinks are used in "every 100ml", and many snacks with high energy will be used in "each serving" or "each package".

03

Nutrient reference values percentage (NRV%):

The country has a recommended daily intake value for ordinary adults for each nutrient, and the latter percentage value represents how much share you used today when you ate 100g/ml of this food.

After learning the above "basic knowledge"

It helps to know yourself.

How many calories have you eaten?

How do you know what you eat?

How much heat is there?

According to the national standard, the content in the table of nutrients is per 100ml, or per 100g, or in a serving of food.

net content

If it is 100g or 100ml, it needs to be combined with the "net content".

For example, the net content of a bottle of beverage is 500ml, and the energy value in the nutrition table is 190 kilojoules per 100ml, so the energy of the whole bottle of beverage is 190×5=950 kilojoules.

a part; a portion; a share

According to the "one copy", the specific amount of "one copy" will be written.

For example, if a packet of instant coffee powder is 15g, its nutrient content table may be "one serving (15g)", so you can look at it directly without counting.

convert

In addition, the energy unit of food labels is kilojoules (KJ), which is an internationally used unit for labeling calories, but the calories we normally say are kilocalories (Kcal), which are also called calories and calories. The conversion relationship between them is as follows:

1kcal=4.184kJ

Calculate daily requirements according to NRV

As we said earlier, NRV% is the content that must be marked in the nutrient composition table. NRV is short for Nutrition Reference Values, which is translated into Chinese as Nutrient Reference Values.

Nutrient reference values refers to the amount of certain nutrients that ordinary people should eat every day under normal circumstances.

The NRV value of each nutrient is given in the national standard General Rules for Nutrition Labeling in prepackaged foods (GB 28050-2011):

Understand what NRV is, add a percent sign and write it as "NRV%" or "nutrient reference values%", which means that the actual content of a nutrient in this food accounts for the proportion of its NRV.

It is difficult for ordinary consumers to see the level of a certain nutrient in food from the digital surface. For example, the fat content in a nut nutrient composition table below is 53.2g/100g, and consumers can’t know whether the "53.2 g" here is high or low, but it is easy to understand if it is expressed by NRV%. Eating 100 grams of this food can probably meet 89% of the fat I need in a day, and other foods with more fat should be eaten less!

NRV%= content ÷NRV×100%

The above picture shows the nutritional composition table of a dairy product. We can see that every 100ml of dairy product contains 110mg of calcium, and nutritionists suggest that adults consume 800mg of calcium every day, and 110÷800×100%=13.75% (about 14% in the composition table), which is the meaning of our NRV%.

If the whole box of milk has 250 ml, when you finish it, you have completed 34.4% of today’s calcium intake task.

Friends who have special needs for food, such as gaining muscle, losing weight and controlling salt, need to pay special attention to NRV%. Through these values, calculate your daily intake.

How’s it going?

Want to achieve "can cook and choose, can read the label"

Isn’t it that difficult?

Congratulations!

Understand ingredient list, nutrient composition list, NRV%

Next time I go shopping in the supermarket

You can compare and choose ~

Recommended video today

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Can you really slim your waist and burn fat?

Many women are keen on wearing corsets.

Can a corset really slim the waist and burn fat?

Actually, it can’t!

After taking off the corset,

Not only will the figure not look good.

It will become loose!

Poke the video together to see the details ~

Popular reading

(Click on the picture to read)

Original title: "I heard that you buy food without looking at the nutrient list? It is necessary to popularize science! 》

Read the original text

　　In the summer night, maybe you are craving barbecue, draft beer and food stalls, or maybe you are keen on reducing fat, shaping and living a healthy life. But you know what? Whether you are drinking with a glass in the night wind, or you are sweating on the treadmill to keep fit and self-disciplined, you may be targeted by a disease called gout. The latest data shows that the number of gout patients in China has exceeded 80 million, and it continues to rise, and at the same time it is getting younger and younger. Hyperuricemia has become the "fourth highest" after hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.

　　Do you know anything about gout? Who does gout "favor" most? How will the talons of gout affect our lives? Can food supplement "drive away" gout? How can we prevent it? How to treat it? How to exercise?

　　Are you a gouty person?

　　□ Dong Lingling, Professor of Rheumatology and Immunology, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

　　According to the white paper on gout status report in China in 2017, there are more than 80 million gout patients in China, and gout has become the second largest metabolic disease in China after diabetes.

　　What kind of disease is gout?

　　As the saying goes, gout is the arthritis of the rich and rheumatism is the arthritis of the poor. So how was gout discovered?

　　In 1776, carl scheele, a Swedish chemist, discovered an organic acid in urine stones, which was named litholic acid. More than 20 years later, French chemists found that there was not only lithoid acid in stones, but also in urine, so they changed their names to uric acid. At the same time, British doctors found that the composition of gout patients’ nodules was uric acid. Finally, the doctors finally determined that gout was related to uric acid.

　　So what is gout? It is a crystal-related arthropathy caused by monosodium urate deposition, which is directly related to hyperuricemia caused by purine metabolic disorder and/or decreased uric acid excretion, and belongs to the category of metabolic rheumatism. Patients often show acute paroxysmal arthritis, tophus formation, tophus chronic arthritis, urate nephropathy and uric acid urinary calculi. Every gout patient must have a period of hyperuricemia before the attack, which is undetected or ignored.

　　Gout can be complicated with joint disability and renal disease, and in severe cases, joint destruction and renal function damage can occur, often accompanied by other manifestations of metabolic syndrome, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

　　In which parts of the body does gout occur frequently?

　　Gout patients often have sudden joint pain at night, and the onset is sudden. Patients will wake up in pain in the middle of the night, and the affected joints may have severe redness and heat pain, showing a local burning sensation. Then the patient’s pain will gradually reduce until it disappears, lasting for several days or weeks.

　　The most common joint is the big toe, and it is also common in the joints of the hand, knee joint cover, elbow joint and so on. The affected joints will eventually become red, swollen and inflamed, and the tissues will become soft and their activities will be limited after edema, thus affecting daily life.

　　When does gout usually occur?

　　Many gout patients have had this experience. In the middle of the night, especially in the middle of the night, when they were sleeping soundly, they were awakened by sudden joint pain. They often felt heartbroken and sweaty, which could not be alleviated for a long time.

　　Why is gout more common at night? First of all, the glucocorticoid level is low at night, and the ability of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and uric acid excretion is reduced. Secondly, the human body is in a state of relative water shortage at night, and uric acid is easier to deposit. Third, the body temperature is low at night. Fourth, lack of oxygen.

　　What kind of people does gout prefer?

　　Men’s data show that the ratio of male to female patients with gout is about 15: 1, so why are men more likely to get gout than women? Women have a congenital advantage because estrogen can promote uric acid excretion and help inhibit the onset of arthritis. Men, on the other hand, have more androgens in the body, and androgens especially love uric acid, which will inhibit the excretion of uric acid by the kidneys, lead to the increase of uric acid content in the body, accelerate the formation and deposition of uric acid crystals, and finally attract gout.

　　People who love to drink alcohol will produce a lot of lactic acid in our bodies, and these lactic acids will compete with uric acid. When both are excreted, overbearing lactic acid is more easily excreted, and less uric acid is excreted. Over time, it will cause gout.

　　People who love meat and seafood have high purine content in crustacean seafood such as viscera, shellfish, oysters and lobster, and they are prone to gout if they eat too much. For example, the youngest gout patient in Qingdao is only 13 years old, and he just ate it.

　　In the impression of most people, gout is a patent for middle-aged and elderly people, which is scientifically based. Postmenopausal women are prone to gout with decreased estrogen and increased androgen. After 60 years old, people are old, joints are aging, coupled with calcium loss, cartilage tissue is also reduced a lot, and in this way, gout began to bully the elderly.

　　People with a family history of gout will inherit gout.

　　A former athlete or a fitness expert. Athletes or fitness experts have more activities than ordinary people, and the intensity is greater, which leads to the burning and decomposition of adenosine triphosphate in their bodies and the faster metabolism of cells than ordinary people, thus producing more purines in their bodies. In addition, many athletes have been injured and are more likely to attract gout.

　　Obese people, especially those who lose weight, may also attract gout, which is similar to drinking. If you lose weight too fast, you will produce a lot of ketone bodies after burning fat, and ketone bodies and uric acid will also have a competitive mechanism. If ketone bodies are overbearing, they will be discharged more, and uric acid will be discharged less. Most obese people love high-calorie foods such as fried chicken and cola, and they eat too much fat. The above drama is repeated again.

　　Skillful exercise, uric acid control and gout prevention

　　□ Professor of Orthopaedics, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Guo Fengjin Li Feng Deputy Chief Physician Hu Weihua

　　Like a needle! Like a tiger bite! Like a devil’s bite, I can’t wait to cut it off A gust of wind hurts … … This is the description of acute attack by gout patients. Gout is considered as "the first pain in the world", but at present, most patients are "forgetting the pain after getting rid of the scar" and only pay attention to the treatment of acute attack. When the pain was relieved, most people returned to normal life without effective prevention and treatment.

　　As everyone knows, with the development of time, sodium urate will be deposited on the joints and around them, which will form crystals, that is, tophi. These tophi can cause painful nodules covering the skin. After tophus gradually increases, it may affect joint function, compress nerves and affect organ function, and its external skin may become thinner and ulcerated, forming fistula and discharging white chalk-like urate crystals, which will not heal for a long time. At this point, it can only be treated by surgery.

　　Can gout patients exercise?

　　Many small things in life can easily lead to gout if you don’t pay attention to them. You must pay attention to the care of gout patients and cooperate with the doctor’s treatment. Does that mean that gout patients can’t exercise? The answer is no. Life lies in exercise, which is also applicable to gout patients. However, they should pay more attention to some exercise methods. Studies have shown that proper exercise can enhance physical fitness, promote systemic blood circulation, and the utilization of sugar, fat and protein by muscles and tissues, thus reducing blood uric acid and blood sugar concentration, reducing the production of uric acid, and also preventing diabetes and arteriosclerosis, improving heart function, stabilizing blood pressure and reducing cardiovascular complications.

　　Which exercises are suitable for gout patients?

　　Tread on the stone barefoot. Treading on stones barefoot refers to walking on cobblestone roads without wearing shoes and socks. Pebbles can stimulate acupuncture points and nerve endings on the soles of feet, cause excitement, activate the functions of autonomic nervous system and endocrine system, accelerate blood circulation, promote metabolism, nourish yin and tonify yang, maintain kidney meridian and adjust blood pressure, improve sleep, relieve fatigue, improve immunity and adaptability to external environmental changes, and have certain preventive and therapeutic effects on gouty arthritis and other diseases.

　　Swimming. Moderate swimming can rotate all joints, keep them flexible, reduce the friction and extrusion between bones, improve local blood circulation and promote the dissolution and excretion of urate. It should be noted that it is best to control swimming within one hour. Do not increase lactic acid in the body due to excessive exercise and inhibit uric acid excretion by the kidneys.

　　Jogging. Running is a common and easy sport. For people under pressure, strenuous running is more inclined to vent, but it is not as good as jogging. Before exercise, you can do some warm-up exercises and adjust your breathing. It is recommended to jog for half an hour to an hour every day, and the best time is from 5 pm to 7 pm.

　　Although physical exercise alone can’t effectively reduce serum uric acid, it can significantly reduce serum uric acid concentration when combined with diet health care, thus playing a role in preventing gout attack and delaying the progress of the disease.

　　It hurts enough to doubt the rational use of drugs to relieve life.

　　□ Department of Pharmacy, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tang Liying Peng Jingning Fang Jianguo

　　Gout, pain in the bone, pain in the heart, its ferocity, people doubt life.

　　The treatment of gout attack should be as urgent as fire fighting. Although there are many strategies to deal with gout, non-drug treatment should be the first choice, pay attention to adjusting the diet structure, and follow the doctor’s advice, take medicine according to the doctor’s advice and review regularly.

　　The main drugs for gout are colchicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs that promote uric acid excretion (such as probenecid and benbromarone) and drugs that inhibit uric acid synthesis (allopurinol and febuxostat).

　　"Treat its target first" — — Control acute inflammation. Colchicine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are mainly used in the acute onset of gout, and the principle of taking medicine in full at an early stage and gradually stopping after taking effect is generally very obvious. If the pain does not improve obviously after taking the medicine for one week, you should seek medical advice in time. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used in clinic include cyclooxygenase -1(COX-1) inhibitors and COX-2 inhibitors, such as indomethacin, ibuprofen, celecoxib, etc. As the first-line drugs for gout, these drugs are effective and relatively safe. However, these two drugs have side effects, mainly gastrointestinal toxicity, which should be paid close attention to in clinical application. The toxic side effects of colchicine tablets in acute phase are great, so it is necessary to monitor blood routine and liver and kidney function regularly during taking the drug. Some patients will have vomiting, diarrhea and other reactions after taking the medicine. At this time, the medicine should be stopped or reduced.

　　"Slow down and cure its roots" — — Medication in remission should be avoided in acute attack. Patients in remission can start the treatment of allopurinol, an acid inhibitor, 1-2 weeks after joint inflammation is controlled. During the remission period, you should pay attention to drink more water, more than 3000ml per day, supplement sodium bicarbonate when necessary, and alkalize urine to prevent uric acid crystals from depositing in the process of excretion.

　　In the chronic phase, drugs that inhibit uric acid synthesis and drugs that promote uric acid excretion should be used. Excessive uric acid needs treatment even if it does not cause pain symptoms, and patients can’t ignore it. In addition, patients should pay attention to the interaction between drugs, such as hypoglycemic drugs (biguanides) and antihypertensive drugs (ACEI), which will reduce the excretion of uric acid, and gout patients should be cautious in using such drugs.

　　As the first choice for reducing uric acid, febuxostat has a strong effect on reducing uric acid. The effect of one tablet of febuxostat is similar to that of three tablets of allopurinol, and patients with impaired renal function do not need to adjust their drug use through liver metabolism. The recommended initial dose of febuxostat tablets is 40mg once a day. If the serum uric acid level is not lower than 6mg/dL after 2 weeks, it is recommended to increase the dosage to 80mg once a day.

　　At present, febuxostat is the only gout drug whose therapeutic effect is not affected by high-fat diet. However, at the initial stage of taking this product, it may cause gout attack, because the uric acid deposited in tissues is mobilized due to the change of blood uric acid level. It is recommended to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or colchicine at the same time.

　　In short, the treatment of gout is a lifelong process of reducing uric acid, unless intolerance or adverse reactions occur. Patients should pay attention to a low purine diet, maintain a reasonable weight, abstain from drinking, drink more water, avoid overeating, drinking too much, getting cold and getting wet, fatigue and mental stress, wear comfortable shoes to prevent joint injury, and use drugs that affect uric acid excretion with caution, such as some diuretics and low-dose aspirin. In addition, we should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease.

　　Did you get caught in the eight misunderstandings of gout diet?

　　□ Ye Ting, Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Clinical Nutrition, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Dong Lingling, Professor of Rheumatology and Immunology.

　　Diet adjustment is an important part of gout treatment. By actively adjusting diet structure and living habits, we can choose different diet methods according to our own condition, which can not only meet the body’s demand for nutrition, but also prevent gout attacks. However, in life, gout patients are often caught in a diet misunderstanding.

　　First, eat less high-purity foods such as meat, eggs and milk?

　　Half right and half wrong!

　　Animal offal, seafood, all kinds of meat including livestock, poultry, most fish and thick broth contain a lot of purine, so it is really necessary to eat less. Purine is soluble in water. When cooking meat, it can be eaten by boiling and stewing.

　　Milk and eggs, however, are low-purine foods, and are rich in high-quality protein with essential amino acids, which can be eaten by gout patients. Many epidemiological studies show that higher intake of low-fat dairy products is beneficial to prevent gout. For patients with acute gout, milk and eggs can be used as the main sources of high-quality protein in diet. How to eat? We suggest that the daily intake of meat should not exceed 150g, and encourage the intake of low-fat or skim dairy products, 300ml per day.

　　Second, spinach, cauliflower, mushrooms, asparagus and other vegetables are rich in purine, and gout patients can’t eat them?

　　Wrong!

　　Although dark green tender stem and leaf vegetables (such as spinach and asparagus); Flower vegetables (such as cauliflower); Tender bean vegetables (such as edamame and tender peas); Dried fungi (all kinds of fresh mushrooms) are not low-purine foods, but studies show that vegetables rich in purine have no obvious correlation with high uric acid and gout attacks. Eating a lot of vegetables can also play a role in alkalizing urine, which is beneficial to the excretion of uric acid. The recommended daily intake of vegetables for ordinary residents is 300~500 grams, which can be increased to 700~1000 grams if the gastrointestinal function of gout patients can be tolerated.

　　Third, gout patients can’t eat coarse grains?

　　Wrong!

　　Like vegetable selection, although the purine content of some whole grains is higher than that of polished rice flour, it is not accurate to evaluate whether a food is suitable for gout patients only by considering the purine content. At present, no research has found that whole grains increase the risk of gout, and the purine content of millet, corn and other grains is equivalent to that of rice and white flour, or even lower. Moreover, miscellaneous grains are also a good food source of B vitamins, potassium and dietary fiber, which is beneficial to uric acid excretion, inflammatory reaction and weight control in patients with gout and hyperuricemia.

　　Fourth, soy products can’t be eaten?

　　Wrong!

　　Although soybean is a high purine food, the latest research shows that beans, especially bean products, can not only reduce the level of serum uric acid, but also reduce it. The mechanism is mainly because beans can increase blood uric acid and promote uric acid excretion at the same time, and the latter is more significant.

　　The cooking method of food has a great influence on the purine content of bean products. After soaking and grinding, the purine content is diluted. When tofu is made, part of the slurry water is squeezed out, and the purine content is further reduced due to the loss of water. The purine content of soybean products is greatly reduced, and it is rich in high-quality protein, which can make up for the reduction of protein intake caused by the restriction of red meat intake and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Therefore, gout patients can eat soy products in moderation.

　　Five, fruit contains fructose, gout patients can’t eat?

　　Wrong!

　　Although many fruits contain a lot of fructose, they are also rich in dietary fiber, potassium and vitamin C, which is beneficial to the excretion of uric acid and the reduction of blood uric acid level. At the same time, polyphenols in fruits are beneficial to reduce the level of inflammatory reaction, which are beneficial to gout patients. Studies have shown that fruits can reduce the risk of gout attacks.

　　But after all, fruit contains a lot of sugar, so it is not recommended for all gout patients to eat a lot of fruit. Fruits with less fructose can be eaten, such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples, watermelons, peaches, etc. It is no problem to eat 200~300 grams according to the normal quantity of healthy people.

　　Sixth, fat has no effect on uric acid?

　　Wrong!

　　Although fat itself does not contain purine, it will not increase uric acid production, but it will reduce uric acid excretion. At the same time, the high energy density of fat is not conducive to weight control. Therefore, we should try to reduce fat intake, such as fat meat and poultry with skin; Avoid frying high-fat foods.

　　Drinking beer, tea, coffee and fruit juice can increase the amount of drinking water and help to excrete uric acid?

　　Not quite right!

　　For the prevention and control of hyperuricemia and gout, what you eat is important, and what you drink is also important. Purine is easily soluble in water. Drinking more water for gout patients is beneficial to uric acid excretion, and it can also prevent kidney calculi of uric acid and delay the damage of kidney caused by the disease. Drinking plenty of water can shorten the duration of gout attack and relieve symptoms. People with normal heart and kidney function can drink more water and maintain a daily urine volume of 2000~3000ml.

　　However, it is not good to drink more beer, because alcohol metabolism can increase the concentration of lactic acid in the blood, and lactic acid can inhibit the secretion of uric acid by renal tubules and reduce the ability of kidney to excrete uric acid; Fruit juice drinks are rich in fructose, which can promote the production of endogenous uric acid. Excessive sugar intake accompanied by excessive fruit juice intake will promote obesity and metabolic disorders, which are themselves factors that promote gout. The relationship between coffee and high urea and gout is still inconclusive. Some studies show that coffee does not increase the risk of high uric acid, and may reduce the risk of gout. We believe that the best drink for gout patients is boiled water, which should be more than 2 liters per day.

　　Eight, gout patients only need to pay attention to the purine content of food?

　　Wrong!

　　Gout patients often pay too much attention to the purine content of food, and are entangled in whether this food can be eaten or not. There are two sources of uric acid in human body. The one decomposed from purine-rich foods (exogenous) accounts for about 20% of the total uric acid in the body, while the one synthesized in the body or metabolized by nucleic acids (endogenous) accounts for about 80% of the total uric acid in the body. In addition to reducing the intake of purine in diet, we should also control weight, reasonable diet and improve the metabolic disorder of the body. Obesity increases the risk of gout in patients with high uric acid, and weight loss can effectively reduce the level of serum uric acid. It is suggested that patients with hyperuricemia should control their weight in the normal range. However, you should avoid dieting and losing weight too fast, and ketone body production will interfere with uric acid excretion.

Fuzhou Meteorological Observatory changed the release of high-temperature red warning signal at 13: 46 on August 21st: It is estimated that the highest temperature in some towns (streets) in Fuzhou city and high-tech zone will reach 38 ~ 40℃ this afternoon, with some exceeding 40℃.

The meteorological department reminds relevant units and personnel to pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling, especially those working outdoors or under high temperature conditions should take necessary protective measures! (General Station reporter Wu Yanmin)

　　With the deepening of live broadcast in recent years, online automobile marketing has gradually entered the "live broadcast era". As a powerful promoter of this wave, Knowing Car Emperor has become a popular platform for auto dealers to start "live broadcast selling cars". Driven by the new online business model, how to grasp the online development opportunities and achieve the growth target in the fierce competition environment is a common topic faced by automobile brands and dealers.

　　On September 23rd, the first stop of the series of activities "2021 Gravity Summit of Dealers Who Know Car Emperor" with the theme of "Building a New Store by Emperor" was held in Shanghai. The activities brought a number of industry head experts and business line leaders who know car emperor together to explore ways to break the current growth of automobile marketing online.

　　01

　　Market transformation intensifies digital marketing into a way to break the situation

　　According to the data forecast from Otis Research, the retail volume of passenger car terminals in 2021 is estimated to be 21.6 million, which is roughly the same as the sales volume in 2020, which is somewhat different from the general optimistic expectation of the industry at the beginning of the year.

Lang Xuehong, Deputy Secretary General of china automobile dealers association

　　According to Lang Xuehong, Deputy Secretary-General of china automobile dealers association, the structural shortage caused by chip shortage has a certain impact on the automobile market, but the more important and deeper reason is the insufficient support of consumption kinetic energy. Lang Xuehong suggested that under the background of the rapid growth of sales and ownership of new energy vehicles, car dealers need to change their thinking and rely on digital means to change from "people looking for cars" to "looking for someone" actively. At the same time, make good use of vertical platforms, expand online marketing channels, build digital capabilities of enterprises, and strengthen online customer collection and transformation capabilities.

Wang Sai, Digital Marketing Strategy Transformator

　　Wang Sai, a strategic transformer of digital marketing, believes that subtle changes have taken place in the user’s car purchase link, which has promoted the continuous increase in the proportion of online marketing of dealers. "Seeing (understanding), searching (attracting), entering (asking), comparing (competing for comparison), entering (entering the store), purchasing (purchasing for the first time), linking (private domain connection) and expanding (active sharing)" are brand-new. "The industry needs cognitive expansion, and car companies and dealers need to start from the details, grasp the marketing actions of each step, and build new communication capabilities represented by short videos and live broadcasts, new pioneering capabilities represented by cross-border connections and smart recommendations, and new brand capabilities represented by customer portraits." Wang Sai said.

　　02

　　Product service upgrade, selling cars and proofing "new store"

　　As of July, there are more than 23,000 4S stores that know how to sell cars and connect cars, ranking first in the industry at this stage. The effective rate of clues is as high as 52%, which is at the leading level in the industry. The car purchase rate of potential customers obtained from a large sample survey is over 47%, and the conversion efficiency is really visible. In the 2021 online sales clue market, the clue of knowing the car emperor accounted for more than 31% in the same period, which provided a strong guarantee for the growth of online marketing for dealers.

Cui Qiao, head of commercial products of commercial dealers who know Chedi.

　　"The so-called’ new store’ is essentially an extension and expansion of the traditional sales scene. On the one hand, through digital marketing means such as live broadcast, more customer acquisition scenarios are provided for dealers. On the other hand, through the binding of live broadcast and e-commerce, the extension of customer acquisition to transaction scenarios is completed. " Cui Qiao, the person in charge of commercial products of Chedi commercial dealers, said.

　　It is understood that in order to better provide high-quality services for dealer partners, in 2022, the car-selling car link will be fully upgraded: the strategic end relies on the three cores of "increasing to the supply side, increasing to the new track, and increasing efficiency to the business side", and the "new infrastructure" of dealer marketing will be built with the "1+6" advanced matrix. The product end will open up the whole line of car-selling and Tik Tok live broadcast, deeply integrating the ecology and capabilities of live broadcast+e-commerce. Utilize functions and services such as "ecological access, dual broadcast on one machine (which can be broadcast live on both sides of Tik Tok and Zhiche Di at the same time), 0-threshold e-commerce, asset precipitation of merchant’s B-side account system, full-link conversion diagnosis, and terminal after-sales income increase" to help dealers fully develop increments and create new business possibilities.

2022 understand the car and sell the car in an all-round way.

　　At the meeting, Wang Lingyun, the operation manager of Lantu Automobile Shanghai Ruihong Road Branch, shared the experience of emerging brands on how to use live broadcast to create new online stores and win transformation. According to her introduction, at the beginning of the launch, Lantu faced the embarrassment that "the wine is also afraid of the deep alley". Adhering to the attitude of "making friends with users by live broadcast", the brand chooses to cooperate with the platform of knowing the car emperor, and through live broadcast at least four times a week, the transaction will be generated within one month after the launch.

　　03

　　Gain insight into the link value and seize the growth opportunity.

　　While continuously expanding the opening of the "production end" of clues, and bringing more gains to dealers with massive real and effective clues, Knowing Car Emperor also relies on digital and intelligent means to improve the conversion efficiency of key nodes such as clue follow-up and invitation, and help dealers to improve the efficiency of the back link.

Feng Wei, the person in charge of knowing the clue operation of Chedi.

　　Feng Wei, the person in charge of knowing the clue operation of Chedi, pointed out: "In the post-link stage, there is only a single step between consumers and distributors. The essential goal of post-link marketing is to interrupt the whole purchase process from information acquisition to transaction transformation as little as possible and help distributors’ leap the last mile of the transaction."

　　Based on the strategy of improving link efficiency, Zhiche Di put forward a set of mature methodology and operation system: improve the efficiency of clue circulation through comprehensive diagnosis of link problems; After the feedback of link data, the full link conversion behavior can be better restored. Through the effective attribution of the model, the data-driven optimization of the previous delivery model can improve the conversion efficiency of users at all stages of the entire online car purchase life cycle, and help dealers achieve real transformation by outputting targeted optimization solutions and other services.

　　From content to service, Knowing Car Emperor always takes the development trend of the industry as the basis, and takes the actual needs of users and dealer partners as the guide, and constantly digs deep into the value of the platform, releasing innovative research results outward, so as to better promote the positive evolution of the industry. Gravitation Summit will continue to serve as an important window for deep communication between the platform and dealer partners, and undertake the original intention of both parties to explore industry trends and seek common long-term growth.

　　It is understood that this year’s dealer gravity summit will continue to land in Changchun, Beijing, Chengdu, Jinan, Haikou and other cities, and discuss with local dealers the new possibilities of online growth of automobile marketing.

　　The Ralink and Corolla engines, which were listed at the end of October last year, are still in short supply until this year. The heat of a car can last for nearly one year, which can be said to be rare in the domestic automobile market. It is not only the "queuing to pick up the car" in the 4S shop, but also many questions about these two cars and even Toyota’s hybrid technology in the private letter of @ Auto Black Technology. A few days ago, I was lucky enough to borrow a Ralink twin-engine, known as the "150,000 fuel-efficient king". This time, I can finally see how to save fuel!

　　Before writing the technical principle, let’s actually see if the fuel consumption of Toyota’s twin engines can really be as low as the official 4.2L per 100 kilometers. As we all know, the fuel consumption of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is actually a cover. Someone asked me how high the real fuel consumption of a car is. I generally suggested adding 30% to the fuel consumption of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to be more reliable data. Did Leiling Shuangqing follow this routine?

　　Summary:

　　A small regret of this test is that I didn’t have time to fill up the car again in the end and calculate the comprehensive fuel consumption. Because considering the test drive in these two days, quite a few working conditions of the car are extremely extreme, such as stepping on the floor oil for 10 times in a row on an open road to experience acceleration and stopping at idle speed for a long time, etc., the comprehensive fuel consumption calculated in this way is of little reference significance. After two days’ test drive, I ran 150km in various road conditions and driving modes, and finally the indicator of the fuel gauge dropped by half, which is just over 1/8, so the comprehensive fuel consumption of these two days is between 4.1 and 4.4L..

　　Regarding the fuel consumption of the twin engines, many netizens on the forum are arguing. Many car owners are calculating their fuel consumption and how much money is left all day. In fact, I don’t think it is necessary, because this car is really fuel-efficient! Somebody else’s car with a displacement of 2.0L often uses 9 or 10 petrol, and the better one is 8. No matter how hard you play, your hybrid twin-engine can’t reach 6, and even if the conditions are good, it can reach less than 4, without considering the charging problem. It’s really unnecessary to calculate the fuel consumption all day!

　　In terms of technical principles, I can write a book when I spread it out. I will try my best to make it clear in the most straightforward way with the questions that everyone is more focused on.

　　Q: Why is Toyota Twin Engine so fuel efficient?

　　A: in a word, it isIf the engine can not be started, it should not be started. Even if it is started, it should try to operate in the most efficient load range.

　　First of all, the 1.8L Atkinson engine, code-named 8ZR-FXE, which is equipped with Ralink Twin Engine, has reached 38% of its own thermal efficiency, which is beyond the reach of most manufacturers. Although the maximum power of the engine is 73kW and the maximum torque is only 142Nm, it is definitely not enough for the hybrid car to only look at the engine parameters. The special adjustment has brought the engine a wide and efficient operating range. Simply put, it is a high fuel efficiency engine that is "specialized" for hybrid power.

　　Secondly,Look for every opportunity to recharge the battery.. As soon as the engine is started, it will immediately charge the battery (and drive the vehicle at the same time), and the energy recovery after loosening the throttle can also convert the mechanical energy of the car into the electric energy of the battery. Although the battery capacity of Toyota Twin Engine is only 6.5Ah, you will find that the power seems to be never used up. Even if the battery is running out, the efficient Atkinson engine will start to charge the battery.

　　Q: Why does it drive so smoothly?

　　A: This involves the core of dual-engine technology-E-CVT power distributor and PCU power control unit.

　　The core mechanism of power distribution of Shuangqing is a planetary gear set, which is very clever in idea and brain-burning in principle … In the power distributor, the outermost ring gear of the planetary gear set is connected with the motor, which is directly responsible for driving the vehicle, while the engine is connected with the planetary gear, and a motor is connected with the central sun gear.

　　Putting aside the complicated power distribution and just talking about ride comfort, because the gears in the planetary gear set are in a state of constant meshing, whether it is motor drive, engine drive or two power sources driving the vehicle together, it does not involve the combination of teeth. Even if you start to accelerate at full throttle and the engine starts to intervene, the planetary gears start to revolve. At this time, because the planetary gears are in constant meshing, it will not bring any sense of frustration. This is why Toyota’s twin-engine models can achieve the same ride comfort experience as CVT models.

　　As we mentioned earlier, the engine will be forced to start at 50km/h when the Ralink dual engine is running, because the reverse speed of sun gear motor has reached the limit at this time, and the engine must be started to reduce the reverse speed of sun gear motor, so that the vehicle speed can continue to increase. The following is the video of the engine starting in pure electric mode after the car slowly accelerates from standstill to 50km/h:

　　Q: Why can Corolla/Ralink engines be sold so cheaply?

　　A: To tell the truth, this problem is not limited to the technical level. The low price range of 139,800-159,800 yuan can be sold by Leiling Shuangqing. First of all, it is the localization of hybrid hardware.

　　As far as you can see, this iron knot is the core of THS-II, which has been designed, developed and gradually improved by Toyota engineers for more than ten years. It includes a motor, a charging motor and planetary gear sets.

　　In order to make the guide price of Corolla/Ralink engine as grounded as possible, the localization rate of this iron pimple has reached more than 90%. What concept can I tell you that only three things in this picture are imported from Japan:The charging coil, driving motor coil and planetary gear set, and the rest of the shell, shaft/bearing and actuator are all made by domestic suppliers.Of course, we are looking for parts suppliers that meet Toyota’s manufacturing standards, and Toyota sent its own engineers to follow up the development in the early stage of research and development. In addition, hardware such as battery pack, PCU and BMS are almost 100% made in China.

　　Q: Is this dual-engine technology at ease?

　　A: I feel that the technology is complicated and I am not at ease? In fact, since the first generation Prius, the cumulative sales of Toyota’s hybrid technology models have exceeded 8 million units in the world, and Toyota’s hybrid models have been running all over the world. For more than ten years, Toyota’s hybrid has never made any mistakes in core components. If you are not at ease, take the Corolla Twin Engine as an example. At the beginning of listing, in order to let consumers try hybrid technology, manufacturers even decided that cars booked before 2016 can enjoy a five-year and 140,000-kilometer vehicle warranty. In terms of battery packs that consumers are particularly concerned about, at present, Toyota’s two dual-engine models in China can enjoy the warranty of 8 years and 200,000 kilometers. It is likely that you will drive to the day of changing cars, only to find that the battery warranty has not passed …

　　Q: why can’t I buy it?

　　A: It’s normal that you can’t buy it, because of the limitation of production capacity … Now Toyota’s twin engines are still in a relatively hot state, and the 4S shop is basically out of stock. If you come to one, you will take one away. In some places, before the two cars went on the market, orders were already scheduled for the beginning of this year. At present, the production capacity of the core components of Shuangqing in Changshu is about 20,000/year (still climbing), so it is understandable that the demand in various places is in short supply. Of course, this also depends on the region, and it does not rule out that there are sufficient car sources in some places.

　　Q: What are the shortcomings of the dual-engine technology in experience?

　　A: Yes, the main reason is that the excitation sound of the motor is not so good when it is accelerating rapidly, and the sound of the engine at high speed is not so good. However, excitation sound, a phenomenon that almost all hybrid vehicles can’t completely avoid, can only be seen by who does better sound insulation. In addition, as to whether the jitter at the moment when the engine starts will be the same as the start and stop of an ordinary car, my experience is that you can feel it when the engine starts at rest, but you can’t feel it when you are driving, unless you stare at the energy monitor on the dashboard.

　　In the past two months in Beijing, there have been more and more Corolla/Ralink dual engines on the road, which shows that even though the dual engines cannot be included in Beijing’s new energy list due to wonderful policy reasons, a considerable number of consumers who have worked hard to shake down the number have chosen the dual engines.

　　At the beginning of the listing of Corolla/Lei Ling, I once contacted someone from Toyota China Marketing Department and asked him how he could make money with such a low guide price. The other party said that in fact, Toyota introduced hybrid technology into China and now it doesn’t want to make money at all. Later, I understood that as the first person to eat crabs, there are some things that must be paid. If the Corolla/Ralink twin-engine cars don’t have a price close to the people, I’m afraid Toyota’s hybrid road in China will never work. Thanks to Toyota’s "biting its teeth and stamping its feet", we can buy a twin-engine car with lower fuel consumption with the money of the ordinary version of Lei Ling.

　　Good news! Good news! @ 中中中中中中 now has an audio version! We know that it is often inconvenient for readers to read, such as driving. What should we do? Listening to the radio, of course ~ @ Auto Black Technology and listening to FM produced an audio version of Black Technology that made B sparkle ~ Anchor Xiaochao interprets auto technology for you in man show!

　　Please click here to listen:How to save 1000 yuan film fee?

　　Many netizens privately complained to us that there is only one issue a week, and if we continue to pursue black technology for one year, we will not be able to become a car-savvy emperor in the circle of friends.

　　In order to improve the number of times @ Auto Black Technology meets with you, we dug out the "foreign articles" that we lost a long time ago from the bottom of the box. In the future, Black Technology will push foreign articles to you from time to time, mainlyIn view of the high-profile vehicles on the market, answer questions from a technical point of view., I hope you like our fanpian (_)

　　In addition, pay attention to our Weibo (Click here ~), we write several headline articles every week ~

Special feature of 1905 film network 2021 has passed and I miss it very much.

What I miss is the ordinary and great mother played by Chinese, Chinese and Chinese; It is The Infiltrator in the dark night played by Chinese, American and Japanese; It is a model of the times played by China and China to pay tribute to the whole people.

What I miss is the Hi, Mom who warmed you and me and played middle-aged Li Huanying; It is China’s emotion that moves people and plays the aunt; It is the eyes that enter the play and play the daughter; It is the "thunder dad" who died for China; It is the "Pharaoh" who regards death as his death; It’s the villain and the actor with subtle acting skills in Above the Cliff and The Cliff.

Appreciate the masterpiece of the screen and enjoy the life of light and shadow. Next, let’s look at the most beautiful performances that belong to the screen in 2021!

The protagonist of the most beautiful screen performance in 2021

Chinese mother on the screen

A Hi, Mom in early 2021 made countless audiences cry. Li Huanying, a young man played by Zhang Xiaofei in the film, shows the gentlest appearance of a mother. She doesn’t want her child to have much ambition, but only wants her to be healthy and happy. And her warm and powerful performance also aroused the audience’s emotional resonance with her mother.

Unlike the Buddhist mothers in Hi, Mom, Ji Peizhen, played by Xu Fan in Everything About My Mom, is a worried and nagging mother. Xu Fan played the role of Qian Qian’s mother in our life. They look forward to their children’s success and their daughters’ success, and spare no effort to take care of a large family. They are not perfect, but their daily bickering also carries trivial care and expectation.

Mother not only has a gentle and considerate side, but also has the courage to be a mother. Zhang Ziyi plays such a mother in the poem of Me and My Father. The vast Gobi, shabby room, she is a great woman who dedicated herself to the national defense science and technology of the motherland; Giving up her family for everyone, she set an example for her children with her words and deeds. Zhang Ziyi wrote poems attentively, and portrayed a strong, forbearing and great mother with exquisite acting skills.

The unsung hero marching in the dark　

Every step from darkness to light has condensed the blood and tears of countless heroes. The film "Above the Cliff" created a group of unsung heroes in the hidden front, and the excellent interpretation of the actors made the image of this group of underground workers with heavy burdens more vivid and three-dimensional. Zhang Xianchen, played by Zhang Yi, is dead in the face of his belief in blazing with anger and torture, which makes people feel that the character’s inner belief in winning will never go out.

Yu Hewei’s undercover Zhou Yi is in an enemy camp, and Yu Hewei’s skillful and steady performance fully shows that Zhou Yi is cautious when dealing with the enemy, and he is sad when witnessing the sacrifice of his comrades.

　As a senior female spy, Wang Yu, played by Amanda, has to face multiple scenes and identities. Whether it’s an underground worker’s capable determination or a mother’s eager desire for a child, Amanda has performed very well in every aspect of Wang Yu. It is even more infectious to learn that a silent crying scene when a partner dies.

The power of persistence　　

One thing, a lifetime. In the movie "The Guardian of the Island", Wang Jicai, a "model of the people", and Do not forget your initiative mind insisted on guarding the island for more than 30 years, and Liu Ye performed the authentic side of this "guardian forgotten by time".

　You keep the island, I’ll keep you. Wang Shihua, played by Gong Zhe, has also moved countless audiences. Gong Zhe showed the image of a wife who gave up her family for everyone with her simple and sincere performance.

Green leaves of the most beautiful screen performance in 2021, click the link to watch the video.

Move people with emotion and enter the play with eyes.　　

Mom is the one who says she hates her children, but she is always proud of her children. In the movie Hi, Mom, Liu Jia plays the middle-aged Li Huanying, which explains the maturity of middle-aged women. With a few eyes and lines, it attracts people’s empathy, as if seeing their own mother.

In the movie My Sister, Zhu Yuanyuan plays the aunt, who is not only the "elder sister" of the previous generation, but also the aunt of the stubborn elder sister of the new generation. In a patriarchal family, "eldest sister is like a mother" has become her lifelong shackles. Zhu Yuanyuan performed the heart-wrenching experience of a tough woman who was swallowed up by life, and at the same time showed her love for her niece incisively and vividly.

A dining table, five worlds, everyone hides an unknown secret. In the suspense movie "Secret Visitor", Zifeng Zhang plays the indifferent and mysterious sister Wang Chutong, whose eyes are indistinguishable from good and evil, which makes people shudder instantly.

True feelings, real feelings, interpretation of unknown heroes　　

A little confused, with a sense of joy, Hu Jun plays the older and more experienced fighter "Lei Gong" in The Battle at Lake Changjin. Hu Jun, whose image as a tough guy is deeply rooted in people’s hearts, achieved a breakthrough this time. The first half was silly and cute, and contributed a lot of jokes. The final sacrifice was extremely tragic and contributed a lot of tears.

He is an unsung hero in the city. Fan Wei created an undercover "Lao Wang" who is good at changing his face in "Railway Hero", which makes people shine at the moment. The modesty and hypocrisy in the face of the enemy, the deliberate disguise in the face of comrades-in-arms, and the love in the face of small stones are all accurately and hierarchically portrayed by Fan Wei.

True and delicate, shaping the colorful villain　　

As the villain of Above the Cliff, Yu Ailei plays the spy Jin Zhide, but his performance is very bright. He secretly observed Zhou Yi, but he was confused by Zhou Yi in a few words. The expression gradually changed from relaxed to frightened and uneasy, and the facial expression changes from sunny to cloudy and from cloudy to sunny were well interpreted by Yu Ailei.

He is the head of a county and knows the way of officialdom. Zhang Songwen’s performance once again shines with his two faces with different light and shade, and his invisible personality. In the face of his younger brother, the leader of the evil forces, he grabbed his brother by the neck, seemingly awe-inspiring, but in fact he was afraid of being implicated. Good or bad is just a thought. In an inner confession scene after the crime was revealed, Zhang Songwen showed the true mentality of how a parent who once wanted to be a "Wen Tianxiang" became an umbrella for evil forces step by step.

Red flowers should also be lined with green leaves. The role of "green leaves" in these films not only adds color to the protagonist, but also adds color to the film. No matter how big or small the role is, as long as you interpret it with your heart, you can leave your own brilliance on the screen.

　　　　People’s Daily Online, November 8 (Xinhua) Not long ago, Peter Ho and supermodel Lin Jiaqi co-produced underwear ads for Filipino manufacturers, and the size of that penis attracted much attention. Peter Ho was questioned for making a fake because the penis was too majestic, and it was all repaired by computer. The brokerage company emphasized that it was a real bird. He said with anger and humor, "I am a real bird." But being said that the penis is too majestic, Peter Ho has been secretly cool for a long time.

　　　　According to Taiwan Province’s "China Times" report, one of Lin Jiaqi’s white underwear bulges a lot at the third point. Ilya said that Lin Jiaqi wore a flesh-colored thong when he photographed his underwear. The photo looks very bulging, which is purely a matter of lighting and angle.

　　　　Peter Ho was so popular that this underwear ads sought his endorsement for three years in a row. The girls beside him changed from mainland supermodels Lv Yan and Qu Ying to Taiwan Province supermodel Lin Jiaqi, and his social status soared. It is known that the new advertisement has a reward of NT$ 13 million.

　　　　According to reports, Peter Ho has been the spokesperson of the underwear brand for the third year. Before that, he filmed this advertisement with Lv Yan and Qu Ying respectively, and he almost met three beautiful women, but in 2006, he was most embarrassed when he filmed with Qu Ying. He said: "We knew each other before filming, but it was the first time that we were shirtless and photographed with her in underwear, and it was also because we had some wonderful feelings with Qu Ying, and Lin Jiaqi had cooperated in the catwalk.

Editor: Wei Liangchun

Jing Zheng Fa [1992] No.20

The people’s governments of all districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices:

　 　 The municipal government agrees with the Opinions of the Municipal Planning Commission, the Municipal Economic Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxation Bureau, and the Municipal Statistics Bureau on reforming the evaluation and assessment indicators of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits, which are hereby forwarded to you.

　 　 Reforming the evaluation index of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits are supporting measures to promote the focus of economic work to adjust the structure and improve the efficiency track, and are important steps to realize the transition to the new national economic accounting system. This major reform involves a wide range, heavy workload and difficult operation. The people’s governments of all districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices should strengthen organizational leadership and give necessary support to the work of the statistical departments in terms of manpower, material resources and financial resources. All relevant departments should support each other and cooperate closely to ensure the successful completion of this work.

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　March 31, 1992　 　　

On the reform of industrial economic evaluation and assessment indicators

Opinions on establishing an assessment system for industrial economic benefits

Municipal government:

　 　 In order to implement the spirit of the State Council’s notice (Guo Fa [1992] No.10) on improving the report of industrial production evaluation and assessment indicators, which was approved by the State Planning Commission, the State Council Production Office and National Bureau of Statistics, we have widely listened to the opinions of relevant departments and put forward our opinions on reforming the evaluation and assessment indicators of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits on the basis of some pilot enterprises. The report is as follows:

　 　 I. Main contents of the reform

　 　 1, the establishment of "industrial added value" and "industrial sales output value" monthly statistical system.

　 　 (1) In order to reflect the final results of industrial production and operation more scientifically and comprehensively, and overcome the defects of double counting of total industrial output value, the future industrial development speed will be evaluated mainly with the index of "industrial added value". The industrial added value is calculated on the basis of the current industrial net output value index. In order to reflect the development speed of industrial added value, it is proposed to adopt the price ratio coefficient of the same period constant price industrial total output value and the current price industrial total output value, and adjust the current industrial added value to the calculation speed of industrial added value calculated at comparable prices.

　 　 (2) In order to fully reflect the scale, speed and the connection between production and marketing of realized products in industrial production, the index of "industrial sales output value" is added to the current monthly report of "Total Industrial Output Value and Output of Main Products". The industrial sales output value is calculated at both current price and constant price, and the "industrial product sales rate" is calculated by comparing the current industrial sales output value with the current industrial output value, and the industrial sales development speed is calculated by using the constant price sales output value.

　 　 In the future, the total industrial output value index will no longer be used as the main index to evaluate the industrial scale and development speed, but only as the general statistical and analytical index.

　 　 2, the establishment of industrial economic benefit assessment system.

　 　 (1) Assessment content: In order to comprehensively reflect the industrial economic benefits from the comparative relationship between input and output of various production factors, according to the national assessment index system, the six indicators for assessing the industrial economic benefits in our city are:

　 　 ① Sales rate of industrial products

　 　 ② Profit and tax rate of industrial capital

　 　 ③ Profit rate of industrial cost

　 　 ④ Net industrial output rate

　 　 ⑤ Labor productivity of all industrial employees (calculated by net industrial output value)

　 　 ⑥ Turnover times of all working capital

　 　 (See Annex I for the calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators)

　 　 (2) Assessment method: The comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits is calculated according to the six assessment indicators with reference to the unified national method, so as to evaluate and assess the economic benefits of all districts and counties, industrial bureaus (head offices) and industrial enterprises. The higher the index value, the better the economic benefit.

　 　 (See Annex II for the calculation method of comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits)

　 　 (3) Assessment method: monthly assessment and quarterly internal notification system shall be implemented for all districts and counties and industrial bureaus (head offices). The Municipal Bureau of Statistics reflects the industrial economic benefits of each district, county and industrial bureau (head office) in the form of statistical data on a monthly basis; Be informed internally by the municipal leaders on a quarterly basis.

　 　 3. Establish a monthly statistical system for major economic indicators of independent accounting industrial enterprises at and above the township level.

　 　 In order to comprehensively reflect, analyze and evaluate industrial economic benefits on a monthly basis, and meet the needs of calculating assessment indicators and industrial added value, 48 major economic indicators, such as sales revenue, sales cost, sales tax, total profit, profits and taxes paid, retained profits of enterprises, net fixed assets, occupation of working capital, three funds (finished goods funds, goods issued and prepaid payment receivable) and net industrial output value, have been set up, which are reported by all independent accounting industrial enterprises at the township level and above in the city on a monthly basis. (See Annex III for the main economic indicators)

　 　 4. Establish a monthly statistical system for the production, sales and storage of major industrial products of industrial enterprises at or above the county level.

　 　 In order to reflect the adaptation of industrial products to social needs from the aspects of production, sales and inventory, and provide a basis for adjusting industrial structure, limiting production and reducing storage, the production, sales and inventory of 177 major industrial products (see Annex 4 for the catalogue) are monitored on a monthly basis for industrial enterprises at or above the county level.

　 　 Second, organize the implementation of work division and steps

　 　 1, according to the requirements of the reform of industrial economic evaluation index, the relevant departments should clear responsibilities, close cooperation, step by step implementation.

　 　 The Municipal Bureau of Statistics is responsible for formulating and improving the corresponding statistical report system, and training the relevant personnel of the statistical departments of all districts and counties (head offices), and starting from the submission of the first quarter data in April.

　 　 The Municipal Planning Commission shall, on the basis of establishing and improving the relevant statistical system, study and put forward the corresponding reform plan index system during the year, and strive to implement it gradually from the preparation of the 1993 plan.

　 　 The Municipal Economic Commission should take the reformed industrial economic evaluation and assessment indicators as an important basis to guide the dispatching of industrial production, and apply the reformed evaluation and assessment indicators to the methods of improving enterprise contract, transforming operating mechanism and linking work efficiency.

　 　 The Municipal Finance Bureau should actively support the statistics department and improve the accounting statement system accordingly. In order to ensure the reporting time stipulated by the state and the municipal government, the financial settlement time of industrial enterprises with independent accounting in cities, districts, counties and towns will be advanced to 25 days in advance every month. The calculation period of monthly tax payable of enterprises also changes accordingly (that is, from 26th of last month to 25th of this month). The time limit for tax declaration and tax storage shall remain unchanged according to the current tax law. The financial departments at all levels should provide relevant financial information to the comprehensive statistical department at the same level in a timely manner according to the prescribed time and requirements, and establish the necessary data submission system. The specific implementation measures for improving the accounting system and providing financial information shall be formulated by the Municipal Finance Bureau in conjunction with the Municipal Bureau of Statistics.

　 　 Departments of taxation, banking, foreign trade, industry and commerce administration, and labor should also provide relevant financial and business information to the statistics department in a timely manner. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics shall, jointly with the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxation Bureau, the Municipal Agricultural Office, the Municipal Urban Production and Service Cooperatives, and the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission, study and establish a sound accounting basic work and accounting report system for township offices, streets, foreign-invested and other non-budgetary industrial enterprises.

　 　 2, all enterprises should strengthen the basic work of statistics, accounting, business accounting, establish and improve all kinds of original records and statistical accounts, to meet the requirements of industrial economic evaluation and assessment index reform. Leaders of enterprises should pay full attention to this work, organize statistics, sales, finance and other relevant departments to formulate measures, establish a data provision system, clarify responsibilities, and link them with the responsibility system, implement rewards and punishments, and effectively ensure that statisticians report statistical reports in a timely manner in strict accordance with the prescribed report format, index meaning, calculation method, classification catalogue and submission time. We should find ways to solve the difficulties encountered by statisticians in their work.

　 　 3. After the reform of industrial economic evaluation and assessment, the workload of statistical departments at all levels has increased greatly. The people’s governments of districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices should increase the necessary manpower for the statistical departments, equipped with special microcomputers and remote networking transmission equipment; According to the principle of grading burden, the finance at the same level gives the statistics department the necessary special funds every year to ensure the development of the work.

　 　 4, all units should persist in seeking truth from facts, truthfully reflect the situation, leaders at all levels should take the lead in conscientiously implementing the "Statistics Law", to ensure that statisticians perform their duties according to law, and no unit or individual shall interfere with the truthful reporting of statistical data.

　 　 If there is nothing wrong with the above report, please forward it to all units for implementation.

Appendix 1: Meaning and calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators.

Annex II: Calculation Method of Comprehensive Index of Industrial Economic Benefits

Annex III: Catalogue of Main Economic Indicators

Appendix 4: Sales and Inventory Catalogue of Major Industrial Products

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　City planning commission 　 　 　　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal Economic Commission　 　　　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal Finance Bureau 　 　 　 　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal tax bureau　 　　　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal statistics bureau　 　　　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　March 1992　 　　

Annex I:

The meaning and calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indexes

　 　 1. Sales rate of industrial products: mainly reflects the degree to which industrial products meet social needs. The calculation formula is:

　 　 　Sales rate of industrial products (%) = industrial sales output value (calculated at current price) ÷ total industrial output value (calculated at current price) × 100%

　 　 2. Profit and tax rate of industrial capital: it mainly reflects the degree of benefits realized by all capital investment of the industry. The calculation formula is:

　 　 　Profit and tax rate of industrial capital (%) = (total realized profits and taxes ÷ total capital) × (12 cumulative months )× 100%.

　 　 (Note: 1. The total realized profit and tax refers to the sum of product sales tax, education surcharge, resource tax and total profit.

　 　 2. All funds refer to the sum of the average balance of net fixed assets and the average balance of all working capital)

　 　 3. Profit rate of industrial cost: It mainly reflects the economic benefits of industrial cost reduction. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Industrial cost profit rate (%) = total realized profit ÷ product sales factory cost × 100%

　 　 4. Net industrial output rate: mainly reflecting the economic benefits of reducing materialized labor consumption by industry. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Net industrial output rate (%) = net industrial output value (calculated at current price) ÷ total industrial output value (calculated at current price) × 100%

　 　 5. Labor productivity of all industrial employees: it mainly reflects the newly created production achievements of each employee in an industrial enterprise in a certain period of time, and explains the economic benefits of living labor. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Industrial total labor productivity (yuan/person) = industrial net output value (calculated at current prices) ÷ average number of all employees.

　 　 6. Turnover times of total working capital: it mainly reflects the turnover situation of working capital of industrial enterprises, so as to show the economic benefits of working capital utilization. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Total liquidity turnover times (times) = (product sales revenue ÷ average balance of total liquidity) ×(12÷ cumulative months)

Annex II:

Calculation method of comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit

　 　 1, the city’s industrial economic benefit comprehensive index is calculated in accordance with the unified national regulations. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the national standard value of the indicator × the weight) ÷ the total weight.

　 　 2, all districts and counties, the industrial bureau (head office) industrial economic benefit comprehensive index calculation formula is:

　 　 Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the standard value of the indicator in the whole city × the weight) ÷ the total weight.

　 　 In order to make the evaluation results more realistic, each industrial bureau (head office) will calculate a comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits based on the national standard value of the same industry, and carry out evaluation and assessment. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the national standard value of the indicator in the same industry × weight) ÷ the total weight.

　 　 (Note: the national standard value, the city standard value and the national standard value of the same industry are the average levels during the Seventh Five-Year Plan period respectively)

　 　 3. The weights of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators are as follows:

　 　 　 　 Index name weight

　 　 (1) Sales rate of industrial products 15

　 　 (2) Industrial capital profit and tax rate 30

　 　 (3) Industrial cost profit rate 15

　 　 (4) The rate of industrial net output value is 10.

　 　 (5) Industrial total labor productivity 10

　 　 (6) Total liquidity turnover times 20

　 　 　 　 Total 100

Annex III:

Catalogue of main economic indicators

　 　 1. Product sales revenue

　 　 2. Among them: sales revenue of new products.

　 　 3. Among them: product sales tax.

　 　 4, product sales factory cost

　 　 5. Product sales and other expenses

　 　 6. Among them: education surcharge.

　 　 7. Resource tax

　 　 8. Total profit (loss is indicated by "-")

　 　 9. Taxes and fees payable

　 　 10, the enterprise profit.

　 　 11. Paid taxes and fees

　 　 12. Average balance of net fixed assets

　 　 13. Depreciation expense

　 　 14, the extraction of major repair fund

　 　 15. Total sources of working capital

　 　 16. Among them: national circulating fund.

　 　 17, enterprise liquidity fund

　 　 18. Payables and advance receipts

　 　 19. Total borrowed funds

　 　 20. Among them: working capital loan.

　 　 21, the total liquidity at the end of the occupation

　 　 22. Fixed amount of liquidity occupied at the end of the period

　 　 23. Among them: reserve funds.

　 　 24, production funds

　 　 25, finished product funds

　 　 26. Send out goods

　 　 27. Receivables and prepayments

　 　 28. Total wages of all employees

　 　 29. Gross industrial output value (constant price in 1990)

　 　 30. Gross industrial output value (current price)

　 　 31. Among them: output value of new products.

　 　 32. Net industrial output value (current price)

　 　 33. Earned product sales profit and payable product sales tax.

　 　 34. Among them: sales tax payable for products.

　 　 35. Salary

　 　 36, employee welfare fund

　 　 37. Interest expense

　 　 38. Others

　 　 39. Among them: expenses paid to intangible production departments.

　 　 40. Expenses paid to individuals

　 　 41, technology development funds raised

　 　 42. Among them: self-raised by the enterprise.

　 　 43, the total expenditure of technology development funds

　 　 44. Number of technology development institutions

　 　 45. Number of technical development projects

　 　 46. Number of technical developers

　 　 47. Average number of all employees

　 　 48. Number of new product varieties

Annex IV:

Catalogue of sales and inventory of major industrial products

　 　 1. Steel

　 　 2. Pig iron

　 　 3. Steel (finished steel)

　 　 4. Among them: ordinary medium-sized steel.

　 　 5, ordinary small steel

　 　 6, high quality steel profiles

　 　 7. Wire rod

　 　 8, medium thick steel plate

　 　 9, thin steel plate

　 　 10, silicon (silicon) steel sheet

　 　 11. Steel Strip

　 　 12, seamless steel pipe

　 　 13, welding steel pipe

　 　 14. Iron ore (raw ore)

　 　 15. Iron concentrate powder

　 　 16. Ferroalloy (electric furnace)

　 　 17. Coke

　 　 18, ten kinds of non-ferrous metals

　 　 19. Among them: copper (electrolytic copper)

　 　 20.aluminum

　 　 21. Lead

　 　 22, copper

　 　 23, aluminum

　 　 24. Gold

　 　 25, raw coal

　 　 26, clean coal washing

　 　 27, crude oil processing capacity

　 　 28. Total amount of steam, coal and firewood.

　 　 29. Among them: gasoline.

　 　 30, kerosene

　 　 31. Diesel oil

　 　 32. Lubricating oil

　 　 33. Fuel oil (heavy oil)

　 　 34, liquefied petroleum gas (volume)

　 　 35, synthetic fiber polymer

　 　 36, chemical fiber monomer

　 　 37. Sulfuric acid (equivalent to 100%)

　 　 38. Concentrated nitric acid (equivalent to 100%)

　 　 39, caustic soda (100%)

　 　 40, soda ash

　 　 41. Synthetic ammonia (physical quantity)

　 　 42. Fertilizer (100% conversion of effective ingredients)

　 　 43. Among them: nitrogen fertilizer

　 　 44, phosphate fertilizer

　 　 45, potash fertilizer

　 　 46, calcium carbide (equivalent)

　 　 47. Refined methanol

　 　 48. Ethylene

　 　 49. Pure benzene

　 　 50, synthetic rubber

　 　 51. Dyes

　 　 52. Paint

　 　 53 plastic

　 　 54. Among them: PVC.

　 　 55, tire (tire)

　 　 56. Chemical medicine (original medicine)

　 　 57. Total amount of Chinese patent medicines

　 　 58. Total value of medical devices

　 　 59. Elevator

　 　 60, power generation equipment (more than 500 kilowatts)

　 　 61. Locomotive (diesel locomotive)

　 　 62. Truck

　 　 63. Industrial boilers

　 　 64. AC motor

　 　 65, transformer

　 　 66, metal cutting machine tools

　 　 67. Among them: CNC machine tools.

　 　 68, high precision machine tools

　 　 69, large machine tools

　 　 70. Printing machine

　 　 71. Cars

　 　 72. Among them: truck.

　 　 73 and 130 trucks

　 　 74 and 121 trucks

　 　 75. Off-road vehicles

　 　 76, motorcycle

　 　 77. refitting cars

　 　 78. Among them: special modified car.

　 　 79, station wagon

　 　 80. Internal combustion engine (commodity volume) (10,000 kilowatts/10,000 horsepower)

　 　 81, in which: diesel engine (10,000 horsepower)

　 　 82, gasoline engine (ten thousand horsepower)

　 　 83, auto parts

　 　 84. Combine harvester

　 　 85, small tractors (below 20 horsepower)

　 　 86. Electronic computers

　 　 87. Microcomputer

　 　 88, pocket electronic calculator

　 　 89. Film projector

　 　 90. TV

　 　 91. Among them: color TV sets.

　 　 92. Radio

　 　 93. tape recorder

　 　 94. Among them: Dual-card recorder.

　 　 95. Video recorder

　 　 96.camera

　 　 97, picture tube

　 　 98. Semiconductor devices (commodity volume)

　 　 99, radio components (quantity)

　 　 100, cement

　 　 101, flat glass (weight box/square meter)

　 　 102, brick

　 　 103, sanitary ceramics

　 　 104, wood-based panels

　 　 105, sawn timber

　 　 106, coarse sand

　 　 107, market furniture

　 　 108, cement equipment

　 　 109, chemical fiber

　 　 110. Among them: synthetic fibers.

　 　 111 yarn

　 　 112.cloth

　 　 113. Among them: pure cotton cloth.

　 　 114, pure chemical fiber cloth

　 　 115, polyester blended fabric

　 　 116, printing and dyeing cloth

　 　 117. Among them: polyester cotton cloth.

　 　 118, sweaters and pants

　 　 119, wool

　 　 120, woolen cloth

　 　 121. Among them: worsted goods.

　 　 122, woolen goods

　 　 123.blankets

　 　 124, sacks

　 　 125, silk

　 　 126. Silk products

　 　 127, machine-made paper and paperboard

　 　 128, in which: embossed paper.

　 　 129, self-use textbook paper

　 　 Sewing machine

　 　 131. Bicycles

　 　 Household refrigerator

　 　 133. Among them: two-door refrigerator.

　 　 134, household refrigeration, freezer

　 　 135, household washing machine

　 　 136. Among them: Double-barrel washing machine.

　 　 137, civil electric fan

　 　 138, room air conditioner

　 　 139, synthetic detergent

　 　 140, soap (excluding soap)

　 　 141 cigarettes

　 　 142, light bulb

　 　 143.watches

　 　 144, daily glass products

　 　 145, daily enamel products

　 　 146. Among them: enamel basin.

　 　 147, daily ceramic products

　 　 148.piano

　 　 149, plastic products

　 　 150. Among them: agricultural film.

　 　 151, daily refined aluminum products

　 　 152, leather (cowhide)

　 　 153, in which: pigskin (natural Zhang)

　 　 154 leather shoes

　 　 155. Shoes

　 　 156.clothes

　 　 157, carpet

　 　 158, civil furnace

　 　 159, chimney

　 　 160, sugar

　 　 161, canned food

　 　 162, candy

　 　 163, soda

　 　 164, drinks and wine

　 　 165. Among them: white wine.

　 　 166, beer

　 　 167. Wine

　 　 168, monosodium glutamate

　 　 169, dairy products

　 　 170, cakes

　 　 171, fresh milk processing

　 　 172, soy sauce

　 　 173, flour

　 　 174, edible vegetable oil

　 　 175, with, mixed feed

　 　 176, pesticides

　 　 177, glacial acetic acid

Recently, strawberries, watermelons, loquat and other seasonal fruits have been on the market in large quantities. Because of its rich vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, fruit has always been recognized as a healthy food. But eating fruit incorrectly will also affect health, so we should avoid these misunderstandings when eating fruit.

Be careful when buying fresh-cut fruits.

Because of the advantages of ready-to-eat, small quantity and portability, many fruit shops will launch fresh-cut fruits in summer, and a plate of all kinds of fruits is full, which is very popular among consumers. However, the cut fruit is easy to breed bacteria when exposed to the air for a long time, leading to corruption and deterioration, so it is best to cut it now and eat it immediately; If you can’t finish eating it, you should refrigerate it as soon as possible, and the refrigeration time should not exceed 4 hours. It is not recommended to refrigerate it for a long time.

However, the reporter found that in many roadside fruit stalls, fresh-cut fruits are often placed in the most conspicuous position and exposed to direct sunlight. Some shops still sell the fruit bowls cut in the morning. The cut fruit has been exposed to the sun for a long time, but it is no longer fresh, but it is still mistaken by many consumers for fresh-cut fruit to buy home.

How to judge whether it is really fresh-cut fruit?

Generally, fresh-cut fruits sold in regular supermarkets will be marked with the cutting and sealing time on the outer packaging, and the shorter the purchase time is, the better. If the time of cutting and sealing is not marked, consumers can ask the store or observe the surface of the fruit. If the fruit is found to be oxidized and black in color, the pulp is wilted and the fruit plate oozes juice, it means that the fruit itself is not fresh or the cutting time is long, so it is not suitable for purchase.

Fresh-cut fruits sold in regular supermarkets will be marked with the cutting and sealing time on the outer packaging.

In addition, "fruit fishing" is also very popular in summer, but some merchants deliberately add stale fruits to yogurt to stir, and the unsold fruits turn into fruit fishing, but their value doubles. Therefore, consumers must choose reliable merchants when buying fruit fishing.

Fruit juice can’t replace fruit.

Fruit juice has always been a cool and thirst-quenching product in summer, and freshly squeezed fruit juice and bamboo tube fruit tea have once become drinks in online celebrity.

But in fact, drinking fruit juice can’t replace eating fruit. Eating fruit directly is healthier than drinking freshly squeezed fruit juice. In the process of squeezing fruit into juice, a lot of nutrients will be lost, such as dietary fiber in pulp will be discarded in pursuit of taste; When the pulp is cut and exposed to the air, vitamins, polyphenols and other nutrients will be lost to varying degrees; After squeezed into juice, the sugar in the fruit will become more easily absorbed by the human body, and drinking juice for a long time is easier to get fat than eating fruit; There are even unscrupulous merchants who specially select stale fruits and squeeze them into juice, and then add sugar, pigment, essence, etc. Additives completely cover up the taste of fruits, and consumers simply can’t taste whether the fruits are fresh or not.

Fruit juice can’t replace fruit.

Therefore, we should try to eat more fruits and drink less juice in summer.

A part of rotten fruit should not be eaten any more.

Some fruit at home is rotten, and some people are reluctant to throw it away. They will gouge out the rotten part of the fruit and eat the rest of the "good" place. Then, can some rotten fruits be eaten again?

"rotten fruit" can be roughly divided into three situations: first, rot and mildew; The second is spots and a small amount of insects; The third is bruising and frostbite. Xu Wenping, an associate researcher at the School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, said that in rotten and moldy fruits, not only the rotten parts breed microorganisms, but also the seemingly intact pulp is contaminated by microorganisms, which is just invisible to the naked eye. That is to say, the "good" parts of rotten fruits also have toxic substances left, which may cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, etc., endangering human health, and it is not recommended to eat them again.

Rotten and moldy fruits should not be eaten any more.

In addition to being contaminated by microorganisms, fruits have other "small flaws" and can still be eaten, but it is recommended to eat them as soon as possible. For example, the fruit is only slightly spotted or eaten by a small amount of insects, which can be cut off with a knife before eating; In addition, after the fruit is bruised or frostbitten, the pulp cells are damaged, juice overflows, and the color of the bruised and frostbitten parts will be slightly darker. This kind of fruit should not be stored, and it should be eaten immediately after the problem is found.

Vitamin C supplementation can’t rely solely on eating fruits.

Some people eat fruit mainly to supplement vitamin C, but it is not. In addition to fruits, there are many "vitamin C kings" in vegetables. According to China Food Composition Table, the five fruits with the highest vitamin C content are Dongzao 243mg/100g, Guava 68mg/100g, Kiwifruit 62mg/100g, Leling jujube 54mg/100g, and Crataegus pinnatifida 53 mg/100 g. The five vegetables with the highest vitamin C content are: colored pepper 104mg/100g, mustard (big leaf)/cabbage 72mg/100g, Brassica oleracea 65mg/100g, Chinese cabbage (Shanghai Green) 64mg/100g and kale 63 mg/100 g.

The Reference Intake of Dietary Nutrients for China Residents recommended that the daily intake (RNI) of vitamin C for adults should be 100mg. In "Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022", it is introduced that "the contribution rate of different kinds of foods to some nutrients in the diet in the 2000kcal balanced diet model", and the contribution rate of vegetables to vitamin C is almost 100%. Therefore, under normal circumstances, you can get enough vitamin C through a balanced diet, and you don’t have to eat a lot of fruits to supplement vitamin C.

Fruit can’t replace vegetables.

Vegetables and fruits can provide rich micronutrients, dietary fiber and phytochemicals, but they can’t replace each other because of their different nutritional advantages. Vegetables can be divided into dark vegetables and light vegetables. The contents of vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber in dark vegetables are mostly higher than those in fruits. However, there are more carbohydrates, organic acids and aromatic substances in fruits than in fresh vegetables, and the sugar content is generally higher than that in vegetables, so it is not suitable for excessive consumption.

Therefore, Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022 suggests that both vegetables and fruits should be eaten. Among them, meals should have vegetables, and adults should ensure that they consume not less than 300g of fresh vegetables every day, and dark vegetables should account for 1/2; Eat fruit every day, and adults are guaranteed to consume 200-350g of fresh fruit every day. The sweetness and nutrient content of different fruits are different. Take at least 1-2 kinds of fruits every day, and seasonal fruits are the first choice.

Photo: Shanghai rumor platform

Transcription Editor: Lin Xinyi