Avian influenza (AI) is an acute infectious disease of poultry caused by influenza A virus in orthomyxoviridae. According to the classification of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins on the surface of virus particles, it can be divided into many serotypes, and the pathogenicity is different among different serotypes and different strains of the same serotype. At present, the epidemic avian influenza in China is mainly caused by H9 subtype with moderate virulence, which drastically reduces the laying rate of laying hens from 90%-95% to 20%, causing huge economic losses.
　　　　1 Clinical symptoms and pathological changes
　　　　The clinical symptoms caused by the infection of chickens with certain immunity by H9 subtype below moderate virulence or highly virulent strain are generally subacute. Laying hens mainly show different degrees of respiratory symptoms and egg production decline. At autopsy, the larynx and trachea were congested and bleeding, and the blood vessels were blocked by cheese. The fallopian tube is often swollen and filled with albumin-like viscous liquid containing pus. Edema often occurs in the tubal wall and tissues around the fallopian tube.
　　　　2 diagnosis
　　　　The diagnosis of avian influenza is very similar to Newcastle disease (ND), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and bronchitis, mycoplasma gallisepticum (NG), infectious rhinitis, avian cholera, egg drop syndrome and other diseases, so it is difficult to make an accurate diagnosis in clinic, and laboratory tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis.
　　　　2.1 The antibody of blood or eggs was detected by AGID or ELISA.
　　　　2.2 Take cloacal or tracheal smears from sick or dead chickens or take samples from tissues for virus detection at autopsy.
　　　　When chickens are infected with avian influenza virus, antibodies are produced in their blood in about 3-10 days. After about 10–14d days, this antibody can be found in the watery suspension of yolk.
　　　　3 prevention and control
　　　　3.1 According to the actual situation of local and chicken flocks, formulate reasonable immunization procedures and carry out immunization to reduce the occurrence of the disease. At present, the inactivated avian influenza vaccine designated by the Ministry of Agriculture is safe and effective, and is playing an important role.
　　　　3.2 Avian influenza virus is highly variable, and avian influenza immunity presents outstanding blood group-specific protection. Therefore, it is still possible that avian influenza will occur after immunization with avian influenza vaccine. Once avian influenza occurs, intramuscular injection with 3 times the amount of NDI vaccine and anti-stress and antibacterial drugs can effectively control the continued occurrence of avian influenza. This is because in the early stage of avian influenza epidemic, when most chickens were not infected with influenza virus, after NDI vaccine was inoculated, NDI Miao element entered the target cell, on the one hand, the vaccine virus was replicated in the cell (but the vaccine virus had no obvious pathogenic effect on chickens), so that the invaded AIV could not be replicated; On the other hand, the target cell is stimulated by ND vaccine nucleic acid, and interferon is synthesized in the cell, which spreads around through the cell membrane and circulates with the blood flow. After being absorbed by other cells, interferon enters the nucleus, induces mRNA, and produces antiviral protein. This antiviral protein does not damage the cell function, but inhibits the synthesis of RNA (or DNA) polymerase that invades the virus, thus inhibiting the replication of the virus and indirectly playing an antiviral role. It can be seen that early emergency inoculation of DNI vaccine can interfere or inhibit the reproduction of AIV in susceptible cells, and achieve the purpose of controlling avian influenza.
　　　　3.3 If chickens have been infected with AIV, it will be counterproductive to inject with IVD vaccine. At this time, traditional Chinese medicine preparations (such as Folium Isatidis, Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.) can be mixed and fed for 3-5 days, and at the same time, ribavirin or amantadine and antibiotics can be used to drink water, which can relieve symptoms, reduce secondary infection, reduce death and resume laying eggs in advance. Because bird flu has seriously damaged the reproductive system of chickens, it takes a process to restore egg production. With the above drugs, after the diet of chickens returns to normal, the traditional Chinese medicine Zengdan Powder can be fed for 5-10 days, and adding electrolytic multivitamins to drinking water can help restore ovarian function and promote the early recovery of egg production rate.
　　　　3.4 Avian influenza and Newcastle disease are particularly similar in clinical symptoms and pathological changes, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis. However, whether it is avian influenza or Newcastle disease, early emergency vaccination with NDI vaccine can achieve the goal of controlling disease development. If the reason is avian influenza, after inoculation with NDI vaccine, interferon can be produced to interfere with the reproduction of AIV, thus achieving the purpose of controlling avian influenza; If it is Newcastle disease, the injection of NDI vaccine will produce interferon on the one hand, interfere with the replication of Newcastle disease virulent virus, and stimulate the body to produce ND antibody on the other hand, thus achieving the purpose of controlling Newcastle disease.
　　　　3.5 Regular disinfection of the surrounding environment is also a link that cannot be ignored in controlling the disease. AIV is sensitive to water alkali, chlorine preparation, iodine preparation and phenol preparation. (Taiyuan College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024)
　　　　Excerpt from: Livestock and Poultry Industry, No.12, 2002

　　According to the website of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission on October 9th, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students, proposing to establish and improve the grading early warning and intervention mechanism for students’ psychological crisis. For students with psychological problems found in their daily work and psychological assessment, the school should organize relevant professionals inside and outside the school to make judgments, work with parents to formulate targeted intervention plans, make timely adjustments, and dynamically track the effectiveness of intervention. When students have serious psychological crisis, such as suicide, self-injury, wounding and destroying things, the school promptly assists parents to send them to the hospital for medical treatment. Each school in primary and secondary schools should be equipped with at least one full-time mental health education teacher. Schools with more than 500 students, schools run by groups, and schools run by multiple schools should appropriately increase the number of psychological teachers.

　　The full text is as follows:

　　Notice of Beijing Municipal Education Commission on Strengthening the Management of Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students

　　In order to implement the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening the Management of Students’ Mental Health (No.10 [2021] of the Department of Education and Political Affairs), promote the construction of a trinity mental health education system of "school, family and society", effectively strengthen professional support and scientific management, further improve the pertinence and effectiveness of students’ mental health work, focus on improving students’ mental health literacy, and enhance their ability to control their emotions, cope with setbacks and adapt to the environment, we hereby notify the relevant requirements.

　　First, strengthen the source management, and comprehensively improve students’ mental health literacy.

　　1. Strengthen the construction of mental health courses. Schools should play the role of the main channel of classroom teaching, help students master mental health knowledge and skills, and establish a sense of self-help, mutual assistance and help. According to the requirements of full grade coverage, mental health education is carried out in the form of mental health education activity classes, class team meetings, group counseling, psychological training, special education activities, special lectures, etc., and mental health education classes are included in the school-based curriculum. Strengthen mental health education at important time points such as freshmen’s entrance, graduation, and before and after mid-term and final exams. In strict accordance with the Outline of Mental Health Education for Primary and Secondary Schools in Beijing (Revised), the contents of mental health education are implemented, and at the same time, various forms of life education and frustration education are arranged to guide students to learn to face setbacks and difficulties rationally.

　　2. Vigorously cultivate students’ positive psychological quality. Adhere to the unity of mental health education and ideological and moral education, guide students to establish lofty ideals, cultivate feelings of home and country, inherit the spirit of struggle, and cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude towards life and perseverance. Give full play to the important role of physical education, aesthetic education, labor education and campus culture, and promote the healthy development of students’ psychology in all directions. Strictly implement the rigid requirements of physical education class and aesthetic education, actively promote Chinese traditional sports, extensively carry out popular sports and rich artistic practice activities, systematically strengthen labor education in combination with the characteristics of each school segment, and attract students to actively participate in various healthy and progressive campus cultural life and student club activities. Through publicity window, corridor display board, electronic screen, class blackboard newspaper, etc., we will carry out popular science propaganda on mental health, effectively cultivate students’ psychological quality of cherishing and loving life, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.

　　3. Classify and channel various pressures as early as possible. Adhere to the combination of development-oriented and preventive intervention, and take active measures to avoid psychological crisis caused by stress that cannot be alleviated in view of the psychological imbalance that students may encounter in study, life, interpersonal relationship and self-awareness. Pay attention to caring for and helping students who encounter difficulties in learning and have poor academic performance. Teachers should give individual guidance in time, encourage peer assistance among students, and help students relieve psychological pressure and boost their learning confidence. Pay timely attention to students with financial difficulties, students from single-parent families, students with physical disabilities or serious health problems, left-behind children and migrant children, care about students’ lives, and foresee and effectively solve students’ psychological problems. Timely understand the difficulties and problems that students encounter in interpersonal communication and collective life, and carry out targeted individual conversations and group counseling to help students establish a correct outlook on life and values.

　　4. Strengthen the joint efforts of schools, families and social education. Adhere to the school-led and multi-party cooperation to promote. The school timely understands whether students have early psychological trauma, major family changes, and tense parent-child relationship, and actively seeks effective support from students’ family members and related personnel. Through parents’ school, home visits and other forms, help parents understand the psychological characteristics and laws of their children’s age, guide parents to pay scientific attention to and care for students’ mental health, create a good family atmosphere, improve their awareness and ability to identify and deal with children’s psychological problems, and prevent children’s psychological problems from being caused by family conflicts or improper education methods. Make full use of radio, television, online media and other platforms and channels to spread mental health knowledge and actively create a social environment conducive to the healthy growth of students.

　　Two, strengthen the process management, improve the ability of early detection and the level of daily counseling.

　　5. Do a good job in mental health assessment. Actively rely on professional strength and means, regularly carry out students’ mental health assessment, improve the screening and early warning mechanism, and implement accurate intervention as soon as possible. District education committees should set up or rely on relevant professional institutions to take the lead in organizing primary and secondary schools in the region to carry out mental health assessment, conduct a mental health assessment for senior primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools every year, establish and enrich students’ mental health database, guide schools to scientifically use the results of students’ mental health assessment, and promote the establishment of "one life, one policy" psychological growth files. For students with obvious psychological problems, we should strengthen the construction and management of students’ psychological files.

　　6. Strengthen daily early warning and prevention. Schools should establish "classes — Grade — The school’s three-level early warning information reporting mechanism ensures that students’ psychological crisis can be warned, reported and handled in time. In-depth promotion of on-the-spot home visits, at least once a semester for students who need to pay attention to life difficulties, learning difficulties or mental health problems. When students are found to have major changes in their thinking, great fluctuations in their studies, major changes, major setbacks and obvious anomalies, they should conduct home visits in time and record the communication between home and school in students’ psychological files. Mental health teachers and class teachers should communicate closely with parents to strengthen psychological counseling and help children tide over the difficulties. Students with extreme behavioral tendencies should be given timely intervention and help.

　　7. Strengthen psychological counseling services. Establish a three-level psychological counseling service platform for cities, districts and schools. We will build and make good use of the online psychological counseling service platform for teachers and students of Beijing Digital Moral Education Network for primary and secondary schools and the 12355 youth psychological counseling service hotline. The District Education Commission should establish a district-level psychological counseling center for primary and secondary school students, provide immediate psychological counseling for primary and secondary school students in the whole district after class, on weekends and holidays, and provide a 24-hour message platform for psychological problems through websites, WeChat WeChat official account and other channels to answer students’ psychological puzzles in time. All schools should improve the system of duty and appointment for psychological counseling, and meet the needs of students for counseling and help through interviews and telephone calls. Intensify publicity to improve the awareness rate of parents of teachers and students on psychological counseling channels in cities, districts and schools.

　　Third, strengthen the management of results and improve the ability of psychological crisis intervention and disposal.

　　8. Vigorously build a cooperative intervention mechanism between home and school. Establish and improve the grading early warning and intervention mechanism for students’ psychological crisis. For students with psychological problems found in daily work and psychological evaluation, the school should organize relevant professionals inside and outside the school to make judgments, work with parents to formulate targeted intervention plans, make timely adjustments, and dynamically track the effectiveness of intervention. When students have serious psychological crisis, such as suicide, self-injury, wounding and destroying things, the school promptly assists parents to send them to the hospital for medical treatment.

　　9. Actively seek cooperation and support from professional institutions. District education committees and schools should strengthen coordination with health departments, establish a support and cooperation mechanism for mental health education and psychological crisis intervention in schools by mental health medical institutions, and provide professional psychological counseling or psychotherapy for primary and secondary schools. For students with serious psychological crisis beyond the ability of school counseling and intervention, the school should assist parents and refer them to professional institutions for diagnosis and treatment in time.

　　10. Do a good job in the aftermath of student emergencies. After a student has an accident at school due to psychological problems, the school should immediately start the emergency work plan, contact the parents of the students at the first time, and verify the situation and deal with it in time under the guidance of the District Education Commission and the public security departments. In response to possible social concerns, schools should respond in a timely manner in accordance with the principle of openness and transparency, and strive for the support of online information, public security and other departments to do a good job together.

　　Fourth, strengthen security management and increase comprehensive support.

　　11. Complete and build a strong backbone team. Each school in primary and secondary schools is equipped with at least one full-time mental health education teacher. On the basis of ensuring the number of full-time psychological teachers, part-time psychological teachers can be equipped according to the actual situation and work needs. Schools with more than 500 students, schools run by groups and schools run by one school with multiple addresses should appropriately increase the allocation of psychological teachers. In principle, full-time psychological teachers should have a bachelor degree or above in psychology or related majors, and part-time psychological teachers must undergo professional training or have professional qualifications for mental health education. To improve the supporting ability of head teachers’ mental health education, primary and secondary schools should focus on mental health education as a compulsory content in pre-job training, professional training and daily training for head teachers and teachers of various disciplines. All faculty and staff of the school should establish the consciousness of paying attention to students’ mental health, and inform the class teacher and psychological teacher in time if they find that students have abnormal psychology or behavior.

　　12 to strengthen the construction of mental health education research team. Build a full-time and part-time teaching and research team of mental health education at the municipal level, establish and improve the regular supervision mechanism of mental health education in primary and secondary schools, adhere to and improve the exchange mechanism of research results of mental health education, promote the construction of characteristic schools of mental health education, enhance the professional level of mental health education, and promote the standardized and scientific development of mental health education. Education, research and training departments in all districts should be fully equipped with full-time psychological teaching and research staff, and establish a long-term mechanism for teaching, research and training. Support qualified schools to set up psychological teaching and research groups and carry out regular activities.

　　13. Increase the support of psychological teachers. Support psychological teachers to participate in activities such as study, further study, training and communication, improve the professional skills of mental health education, and promote the professional development of psychological teachers. According to the actual situation of the school, all kinds of mental health education lectures, theme activities and psychological counseling for students, parents and teachers will be included in the workload and included in the performance management to ensure that full-time psychological teachers enjoy the same treatment as class teachers. Part-time psychological teachers calculate the workload according to the relevant regulations of the school and guarantee the corresponding treatment.

　　14. Ensure the site and funds. The District Education Commission should equip the district-level psychological counseling center for primary and secondary school students with special space and hardware and software equipment, and further promote the construction of psychological counseling rooms for primary and secondary schools in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education’s Guide to the Construction of Psychological Counseling Rooms for Primary and Secondary Schools. Improve the system of psychological counseling on duty, appointment, interview, etc., to ensure students’ psychological counseling and help-seeking needs. During the period when students are in school, the psychological counseling room should be open to students every day during recess, after class and other non-class hours, and teachers with psychological counseling qualifications should be arranged to be on duty. All districts and schools should ensure the daily operation of mental health education and the funds for equipment configuration, operation and maintenance and team building. All districts should fully guarantee the funds for mental health education and establish a growth mechanism as appropriate. Schools should co-ordinate all kinds of funds in the annual budget to ensure the funds for mental health education.

　　[car home Professional Test] With the increasing market share of new energy vehicles, the traditional fuel vehicles seem to be out of sight. Just like when a car needs to add more qualifiers to keep its sales number one, then its sales volume is really/seems/probably declining. However, for our protagonist Sylphy today, it is still the general trend. After all, at the moment when this fuel vehicle is not strong, it is really not easy for it, as the top seller of fuel vehicles, to still achieve sales of 374,500 units throughout the year.

★ Quickly understand the test results of 2023 Sylphy 1.6L:

◆ 0-100km/h acceleration time is 12.28 seconds;

◆ The braking performance of 100 km/h-0 is 39.88 meters;

◆ The measured fuel consumption is 7.11 L/100 km;

◆ The passing score of Elk is 72.9 km/h.

　　Although Nissan’s performance in 2023 was not satisfactory, and its annual sales volume was less than 700,000 units, Sylphy, as a bearer, sold 374,500 units, which is really the rhythm of a car to set off a brand. As a "very capable" player, what is Xuanyi’s real kung fu? Is it really just a flower shelf that is comfortable to sit on? I think the answer should be …….

■　This appearance is absolutely popular.

　　"I" is obviously Nissan. Why do you call me Volkswagen? Haha, don’t worry. I just said it looks like a Volkswagen fan. Indeed, in the market around 100,000 yuan, what everyone needs is a car that can take into account more usage scenarios. The more it can meet the needs of users, then it will certainly perform well in sales, and Sylphy just did it.

　　In this class of Sylphy, in fact, everyone’s size is not bad. Compared with Corolla and Bora, the data difference is very small, and everyone is basically the same.

　　After this change, the front grille part of the new Sylphy is further optimized, and the overall style is closer to the sound of nature, with a sense of sight. This has always been the usual design method of major manufacturers. The appearance of Sylphy, which was redesigned in the middle period, did not change much. As a real family car, the more it can meet the aesthetics of more people, then it must have positive significance for its sales growth. From the results of Sylphy’s sales crown of other fuel vehicles, everyone’s acceptance of it is still very high.

　　The interior part focuses on a warm home style. For example, the previously popular floating screen is also equipped. The combination of the three circular air conditioning outlets and the round bottom steering wheel can show its slightly sporty atmosphere. In addition, in terms of color matching, it provides all-black and black-brown color matching. In contrast, this black-brown color matching will have a stronger sense of warmth at home.

　　The performance in seating space is at the mainstream level of the same level, but the performance of Nissan’s seats in comfort is really good, and the soft seat filling better guarantees the comfort of long-term riding. However, the raised rear middle floor still has some influence on the comfort of the rear middle passengers when they are fully loaded, and it is more appropriate to use it occasionally in case of emergency.

　　Storage space, whether in the front row or the back row, is a sufficient level. The volume of the trunk needs to be emphasized. Take the 1.6L fuel version we tested this time as an example. Its trunk volume actually reached 560L, which is really too large, even larger than the trunk of Mercedes-Benz S. Can you stand it?

■　Power 1.6L+CVT

　　At present, Sylphy on sale includes Sylphy, Classic Sylphy and Sylphy’s ultra-hybrid electric drive, which is the familiar e-POWER extended range system. Sylphy and Classic Sylphy are both equipped with 1.6L engines, with maximum power of 135 and 122 horsepower, respectively, and peak torque of 159 and 155 Nm, which match Nissan’s traditional CVT gearbox. On the other hand, the extended-range vehicle uses a three-cylinder 1.2L engine as the range extender. The power of the driving motor is 136 HP and the peak torque is 300 Nm. The transmission system is matched with a single-gear fixed gear ratio gearbox.

　　Sylphy has always given us a comfortable impression, and this generation of cars is no exception. The curb weight of less than 1.3 tons makes this 1.6L engine very light to drag, especially at the start and at low and medium speeds. The linear power output of the 1.6L engine makes you more comfortable when walking around the city in daily life.

　　Some people will say that its 1.6L power is a little weak, and it really lacks a little passion compared with those 1.5T power models on competing products. This is understandable, but Sylphy’s e-POWER model can fill this part of the shortcomings well. The extended-range power system feels similar to a pure tram when driving most of the time, and its power performance is sufficient and direct.

　　Back to our Sylphy with 1.6L+CVT power, the smoothness of the gearbox is obvious to all. The characteristics of CVT gearbox and Nissan’s experience in adjustment for so many years make us have enough confidence in this power. In daily driving, its sense of participation is very low, and its ride comfort is worthy of recognition. In addition, the lighter steering is another factor that makes driving easy. We often say that the electronic smell of the car is getting stronger and stronger, and it lacks a little mechanical sense. But for the car with home positioning, it really needs more electronic assistance, light power and the power is not strong but linear after the accelerator is stepped on. Isn’t this the feeling that most people need in daily driving?

　　In the noise part, it is necessary to emphasize that when driving at medium and high speed, the whole noise is too large, and the NVH of the whole vehicle still has room for improvement in suppressing wind noise and road noise.

■　All AEB tests passed within 60 km/h.

　　The intelligent driving version we tested is equipped with L2 driver assistance function, and then we will take a look at its test results in this part. It’s 4,000 yuan more expensive than the Enjoyable version with a lower configuration, and I think the extra driver assistance system is fully worth the price difference.

　　Let’s first take a look at two common working conditions of AEB in the face of children’s ghost probes and mobile electric motorcycles, which are very common in our daily urban vehicles. This Sylphy version of the car has performed well in these two projects. Vehicles can detect moving objects in time, make sound reminders in the car, and brake the vehicles in time to avoid collisions. The calibration of this AEB system is mature, and the whole braking action at work is natural, which can be praised.

　　In the AEB test, we passed the tests of 10km/h, 20km/h, 30km/h, 40km/h, 50km/h and 60km/h respectively, and with the increase of vehicle speed, the braking advance will increase linearly, and the system will feel more natural when braking, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of rear-end collision accidents in daily cities at low speed. However, collisions cannot be avoided at higher speeds, so you should pay more attention when driving.

　　In terms of midway acceleration performance, its 40-80km/h is 5.9 seconds, and 80-120km/h is 8.47 seconds. From this performance alone, it is really too domestic. In the whole accelerated testing process, it is surprisingly smooth, basically without any sense of pushing back, and the final result is naturally more ordinary.

　　In the tests of acceleration, braking, braking, elk and fuel consumption, most of the results of this 1.6L Sylphy are expected, but its fuel consumption is actually slightly higher than we expected. In addition to the home market, Sylphy also has a certain share in the travel market. Compared with those plug-in models, this fuel consumption performance has not been opened in terms of price and fuel consumption performance.

Summary:

　　In 1959, Nissan introduced the first generation of Sylphy, and in 2006, the 12th generation model began to enter China, and the cumulative sales reached 300W+. As the most successful model of Nissan in China, Sylphy is also one of the first choices among many family cars. On the whole, it is still a car with balanced comprehensive performance, regardless of its shape, configuration or driving assistance. In terms of sales volume, the more affordable classic Sylphy is also contributing to its own strength, while the e-POWER model has a good balance between power and energy consumption, and a variety of optional models are also its competitiveness. So on the whole, when we choose a compact family car, it is still the one that will be included in the alternative list. (Text/Figure car home Dong Liu)

Configuration table of relevant vehicle parameters: