The original Wei Yiyi three cooks

Recently, the pork stocks in hand have gone up a lot, but they are both happy and worrying.

Last year, when the price of pork was the highest, I ate a lot of cheap imported pork.

For imported pork, many people in Chinese still have bad feelings.

In addition to the epidemic factors, frozen meat makes people feel stale.

Of course, the most important thing is that many people think that imported pork has a peculiar smell. Some people say it is smelly, while others say it is coquettish.

The reason is that there is a saying that it is caused by killing pigs abroad without bleeding. Is this true?

01

In fact, all the serious pigs in the world are bleeding.

There is a long-standing saying that when pigs are killed abroad, they are electrocuted or suffocated with carbon dioxide, and then they are decomposed and cut without bloodletting, so pork has an odor.

And many of Chinese’s impressions of killing pigs are probably still indigenous methods: forcing pigs into a corner in a pigsty, tying up four hooves on their backs, and the pig butcher sealing his throat with a knife, bleeding all over the sky …

I have to say, both of these statements or impressions have some imaginary elements.

It is not impossible to kill pigs by indigenous methods, but the scene is too bloody and inefficient.

Killing pigs in slaughterhouses in China is actually similar to that in foreign countries. Electric shock or suffocation causes pigs to lose consciousness and then slaughter them.

Moreover, no matter in China or abroad, the slaughtered animals will bleed, so there is no problem of bloodletting.

If you don’t bleed after slaughter, the meat will rot more easily, and blood stasis will form on the surface, which will affect the beauty of the meat.

And what we usually eat, whether it is hot fresh meat or cold and sour meat, is spared blood.

Especially the meat with acid discharge, should be kept at 0℃-4℃ for 12-24 hours after slaughter.

On the one hand, it drained the blood and body fluids, on the other hand, the low temperature also inhibited the growth of bacteria, and the protein in the meat also changed, making the meat more tender.

Imported frozen meat is basically pre-acidified. However, the taste and flavor of frozen meat will indeed decline.

But if you say that smell, it’s really not because you didn’t bleed.

02

What is the real source of pork odor?

The unpleasant taste of pork is actually a kind of smell called Boartant.

The literal meaning is obvious. Some pork is stinky or coquettish, and its main source is boar pork.

Because boars contain high concentrations of androstenone and dung odor.

Androstenone is a male hormone and smells like urine. When boars grow up, the content of androstenone in their bodies will be very high, and even the saliva will smell of androstenone. There is no androstenone in sows, but the content is much lower.

Fecal odor is a substance that smells like poop. Generally speaking, the intestines of mammals contain fecal odor, and pigs are no exception. Pig dung odor is mainly produced in the large intestine, so you should pay attention to it when cooking well.

A part of the fecal odor will be excreted casually, and the other part will be absorbed into the body by the intestine and then decomposed by the liver.

However, there is an ultra-high concentration of steroids in boars, which will prevent the liver from decomposing fecal odor, so the undecomposed fecal odor will gather in boars’ fat and produce an odor.

However, most of the domestic pork we buy does not have this odor. Why do some imported pork have it? Is it unscientific to eat all sows in China?

In fact, both pork farmers and manufacturers want to try their best to remove the odor of boars. After all, no one will like it.

The most traditional way to get rid of the odor of boars is castration, which is also called knocking pigs in many places.

Because androstenone is produced in the testicles of boars when they are sexually mature, the steroid that prevents the decomposition of fecal odor is also a kind of testosterone.

Therefore, it is a common practice in China to castrate boars when they are very young, except for keeping breeding pigs. And sows, except those with piglets, were also slaughtered when they weighed about 100 kilograms.

Well, since castration can completely solve the problem, why don’t foreign countries castrate pigs? Do they like the taste?

In fact, it cannot be generalized whether foreign countries castrate pigs or not, and the situation in each country is different.

Let’s start with why some countries don’t castrate pigs.

No one likes the smell of boars, but there are two main reasons for insisting on not castrating pigs:

First, the issue of animal welfare. Some people think that castration of boars violates ethics and harms animal welfare, so castration is prohibited, and some countries require anesthesia before castration.

In 2010, the European Union requested to stop surgical castration of boars before January 1, 2018, but this goal was not achieved.

The second is the economic benefit. After castration, the feed conversion rate of boars will decrease, which is commonly known as "slow growth", and the fat content will increase, and the meat will become fatter.

Is there any way for castrated pigs to get rid of the smell of boars? Actually, there are.

A vaccine was launched around 2010, which can chemically castrate boars.

Vaccines are used to inhibit testicular function, thereby preventing the production of androstenone and steroids.

You can’t say that this vaccine has no effect at all, but in New Zealand, where this vaccine has been applied, the content of two substances that produce odor in pork is higher than the EU level.

03

What should I do if I buy smelly pork?

Although no one likes the smell of boars, they will still buy imported pork (after all, it is cheap) or accidentally buy pork with odor.

First of all, you need to do your homework before buying.

China’s main pork importers are Germany, Spain, Britain, the Netherlands, the United States, Canada, Brazil and other countries.

▲ Source: The second progress report of the European Declaration on Alternatives to Swine Surgery in 2015-2017.

Let’s talk about Europe, Spain and Britain, which have a large proportion of castrated boars, are likely to step on thunder; Some of the boars in Holland have been castrated, while more than 80% of the boars in Germany have been castrated.

In the above picture:

Red is the country that castrates less than 20% boars;

Yellow is the country where 20-80% boars are castrated;

Blue is the country where more than 80% boars are surgically castrated, but anesthesia (local/systemic) and/or long-term analgesia are used;

Green is a country that castrates more than 80% boars without anesthesia or analgesia.

In North America, the United States and Canada, there are also castrated boars, but the proportion is not so large, and there will be some restrictions on their use. It is unclear whether they will be imported to China.

▲ Import volume and proportion of major pork importing countries in China in 2018

As for Brazil, the country with the highest growth rate of China’s pork imports in the past two years, to be honest, no valid information has been seen.

If you really buy pork with bad smell, you don’t have to throw it in the trash can directly. There are still ways to save it.

The best way is to "run running water".

Wash the pork, put it in a cold water pot, fire it, and turn the fire to a minimum, so that it will almost go out.

For almost half an hour, a layer of blood foam floated on the surface, and the pork was fished out and washed with warm water. The pork treated in this way, although the skin is cooked, is still raw inside, and the odor has been removed.

In fact, to tell the truth, apart from the epidemic factors, there is nothing wrong with many imported pork except that it is not very delicious.

May we all eat more meat, eat meat well and eat good meat in the new year.

END

Wen | Wei Wei

Original title: "Imported pork has a strange smell, is it really because foreign countries kill pigs without bleeding? 》

Read the original text

1905 movie network news　"Because the world is round, we will meet again. On the 2307th day after the film was released, Guo Gangtang and his son reunited at the end of 24 years. This is the best ending of the movie. May there be no abduction in the world and no separation in the world. "

　

On July 13th, a press conference was held in the Ministry of Public Security, and it was announced that Guo Zhen (registered as Guo Xinzhen), the prototype of the abducted child of The Lost Orphan, was successfully recovered in the "Reunion Action" and a wedding ceremony was held. After that, the producers of The Lost Orphan released a poster to wish Guo Gangtang and his son a reunion. Lei Zekuan, who plays in the film, also specially recorded videos to express his wishes for the reunion of prototype Guo Gangtang and his son.

Andy Lau said, "Through this lens, I hope to tell Brother Guo that I admire your persistence and pay tribute to the efforts of the public security organs for many years. Here, I appeal to all my friends to join me in supporting the anti-trafficking work and hope that more separated families can reunite as soon as possible. "

In response to this incident, 1905 Film Network contacted the director exclusively at the first time.Peng SanyuanShe revealed that after the news of finding her son in Guo Gangtang was announced, she immediately contacted Guo Gangtang and told Andy Lau. Guo Gangtang replied to her, "Elder sister, I can live a normal life now", and Andy Lau at work quickly replied to her with a smiling face and a prayer gesture expression with his hands folded, very excited.

"Guo Zhen, you may be a little confused about the sudden appearance of your biological father, and you don’t know what to do, but you can learn about your father Guo Gangtang’s 24-year journey through many channels, and every step is love for you, so I wish his appearance is not a burden to you, only love itself!" While posting a message of blessing on the Internet, Peng Sanyuan hoped that Guo Zhen would not have too much psychological burden in the face of his biological father.

　

"I want to say to Guo Zhen, don’t have psychological burden, because for him, Guo Gangtang actually came to him with love 20 years late and blessings from many people." "Don’t think too much, just accept such a late love."Peng Sanyuan believed that Guo Gangtang had been psychologically prepared, because he had said in an interview that he would get along with Guo Zhen’s adoptive parents like relatives, and Guo Zhen’s heart would certainly be shaken, so he didn’t want to be affected too much and change his original life track.

　

Recalling the creative process of "Lonely Lost", Peng Sanyuan said that she began to pay attention to the group of abducted children after seeing the relevant reports of Guo Gangtang in 2010, and contacted the Baby Home Public Welfare Website and the Ministry of Public Security’s Abduction Office successively to track the whole situation of abducted children, and started to create this film after a lot of interviews.

　

The ending of Lost Orphan is that Lei Zekuan, the protagonist, embarks on a straight road and continues his difficult journey of finding relatives. Now prototype father and son finally get together, Peng Sanyuan said frankly:This is the real ending of the movie we expected at that time. We don’t want this father to be on the road forever.

The following is an interview record:

　

1905 Movie Network: Have you contacted the parties after you learned about this matter?

　

Peng Sanyuan:Because we have always had a group in Lost Orphan, including Guo Gangtang, and it is in this group that I posted. I told Gangtang that I was very happy, because he was probably very busy the other day. After he made an appointment, he sent me a short message. He said, Sister, I can live a normal life now.

　

1905 Movie Network: How did you reply?

　

Peng Sanyuan:I have 10,000 joys and 10,000 blessings. I really hope that he can return to a normal life track as soon as possible, live a normal life, and stop running around and suffering.

　

1905 Movie Network: After hearing that you knew about this matter, you contacted Andy Lau at the first time.

　

Peng Sanyuan:Yes, I didn’t tell Brother Hua until Guo Gangtang released the news to the media. I sent him a message. I said that the son of the prototype character of Lonely Lost had been found. He quickly gave me a smiling face and then a gesture of prayer. I guess he might be working at that time.

1905 Movie Network: You wrote an article in Weibo, which was not only a blessing to Guo’s father, but also some words to his son. Why do you think so?

　

Peng Sanyuan:Because Guo Gangtang is psychologically prepared for this matter, and Guo Gangtang has been running for more than 20 years, he is always looking forward to the day when he meets his son, so Guo Gangtang doesn’t need psychological construction, but Guo Zhen is different. He was originally in his own normal growth trajectory, and he didn’t know that he was abducted, so the sudden appearance of this matter should be a shock to him. The reason why he didn’t know, adoptive parents must have never told him that he wasn’t his own. If he had, he would have looked for him. Since he didn’t know, this matter would have been very shocking to him.

　

It takes a psychological time for him to accept Guo Gangtang, so I want to tell Guo Zhen not to have psychological burden, because for him, Guo Gangtang actually came to his side with love that was 20 years late and many people’s blessings. Don’t think too much about whether he should return to his biological parents’ home and how to treat his adoptive parents. I don’t think this should be his psychological burden. He just needs to accept such a late love.

　

I think both Guo Gangtang and Guo Gangtang’s family are wise enough to gradually establish parent-child relationship with their children and get along with their adoptive parents as relatives in the future. Because in previous interviews, Guo Gangtang once said that if he found a child, he hoped to get along with his adoptive parents like relatives. Therefore, Guo Gangtang is prepared, while Guo Zhen is not. I hope he can have a relatively normal life track under such a shocking situation and not change his life track.

1905 Movie Network: We saw Andy Lau,When the main creators sent their blessings, the film also sent a reunion poster. Is there anything different in your heart?

　

Peng Sanyuan:I was particularly moved. This is the real ending we expected at that time. We don’t want this father to be on the road forever. Because our original movie ending gave him a straight way forward, a relatively bright way, and gave him a vision. As the master said, if you do more good deeds, you will meet each other when you get together.

　

Because we can’t answer this question, when can he find Guo Zhen and when can he find his son?In 2037 days after the release of our film, they finally met, or by the efforts of the public security department, the happy ending was realized. For us filmmakers, this ending should be a real ending.

　

1905 Movie Network: From the director’s point of view, does this matter have any influence on your future creation?

　

Peng Sanyuan:I hope that each of our works can help and contribute a little to the society. No matter from which angle, it can promote the progress of the society and the kindness and beauty of the people. We still hope to do something for the society through our own artistic creation, and this original intention will not change.

　　Recently, China’s economic indicators from January to July were released one after another, which aroused a lot of concern.

　　As the largest trading partner of more than 120 countries and regions in the world, the next trend of China’s economy affects the pulse of the global economy.

　　In the past ten years, the air routes of 11 international hub ports along the coast of China have increased by 60%. The maritime service network connects the major ports of more than 100 countries and regions, making it the country with the highest maritime connectivity in the world.

　　At present, the century-old changes and the century-old epidemic are intertwined, and countries around the world are deeply impacted. How should we understand the challenges that China’s economy is experiencing and the expectations of future growth?

　　And how to find the right coordinates to evaluate China’s economy?

　　Master Tan worked out an account with the authority.

01

Which epidemic prevention and control mode has the lowest cost?

A research team of the National Bureau of Statistics has made a model calculation on the relationship between epidemic prevention and control policies, macroeconomic policies and economic loss rate in various countries since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic. The results show that:

　　From 2020 to the first half of 2022, the total economic loss rate of China was only 2.3% under strict prevention and control.

　　However, the economic loss rate under tight prevention and control (such as Japan and South Korea), passive prevention and control (such as Germany and France) and passive prevention and control (such as the United States and Britain) reached 3.9%, 5.5% and 5.9% respectively.

　　At the same time, after excluding the impact of macroeconomic policies, China’s economic loss rate dropped to.floor level.

　　The international media pointed out in an article entitled "China’s policy of" dynamic clearing "of COVID-19 infection contains lessons for other countries" that China’s anti-epidemic policy of "dynamic clearing" has achieved the goal that every country sought two years ago: low mortality and as little economic chaos as possible.

　　China’s epidemic prevention model has been achieved.Give consideration to anti-epidemic and production developmentThe effect.

　　A typical example is that in the first half of this year, China’s export data became the bright spot of growth, while the economic growth expectations of major countries in the world were declining.

　　02 　

　　Why has China become a global lifeline?

　　This is one of the perspectives of epidemic prevention cost accounting. China insists on "dynamic zero clearing", which reduces the manpower, material resources and economic and social costs as much as possible, in exchange for overall economic and social stability.

　　Behind China’s low economic loss rate is the stability and toughness of China’s supply chain and industrial chain under the policy of "dynamic clearing".

　　In the past two years, repeated outbreaks have made this more prominent.

　　Recently, Tan Zhu chatted with Yan Ci, the chief representative of China, the global container shipping logistics giant Maersk Group.

　　The year when Maersk invested in the first fully automated storage project in China was 2020, when the epidemic had just begun.

　　Maersk has a reason to dare to cast this project against the wind.

　　At the China International Fair for Trade in Services in 2020, Yanci praised the company for maintaining normal operation and uninterrupted supply chain with the help of China government.

　　During the epidemic, China fully guaranteed the production of enterprises with a stable soft and hard environment. The goods manufactured in China are continuously transported to the world through logistics companies like Maersk.

　　According to the statistics of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,During the epidemic, China’s share of global merchandise exports increased from 13% in 2019 to 15% by the end of 2021..

　　Among them, China’s share in global electronic products exports increased from 38% in 2019 to 42% in 2021, and its share in textile exports increased from 32% to 34%.

　　China’s increased export share has become the "lifeline" for countries such as the United States and Britain to maintain their operations.

　　In 2020, when the epidemic just broke out, 83% of the imported masks in the United States were made in China, two-thirds of the protective clothing came from China, and 90% of the imported box refrigerators specially used for storing vaccines came from China, showing an explosive growth.

　　The epidemic prevention and control in China has stabilized the industrial chain and supply chain, making China a ballast stone to meet the needs of global epidemic prevention, production and life.

　　Stability in the face of wind and rain comes from the accumulation of a sword in ten years.The "Decoding Decade" broadcast by the main station is the best example.

Despite the epidemic, the number of China-Europe trains that are still running smoothly in the Eurasian continent has exploded in this decade, reaching nearly 900 times that of the opening year. Now, there are an average of 42 trains running between China and more than 190 European cities every day.

In the complicated global epidemic situation, stable policies and environment are more attractive, and the keen international capital flow is very convincing.

A few days ago, the Ministry of Commerce announced that from January to July this year, the actual amount of foreign capital used nationwide was 798.33 billion yuan, an increase of 17.3% on a comparable basis.

Investment is confidence.

　　03　　

　　Who has more confidence in China?

　　You can look at the four sources of investment in China highlighted by the Ministry of Commerce:

　　The United States, which has failed to prevent and control the epidemic, has increased its investment in China by 36.3%, and the rest of the countries are also allies that the United States is trying to win over.

　　You know, for a long time in the past, a focus of American diplomacy was to build small courtyards and high walls on the industrial chain with these countries as the axis.

　　But what is it?as the trend of the times indicatesMultinational enterprises have given their choices by voting with their feet.

　　According to the 2022 White Paper on American Enterprises in China released by the American Chamber of Commerce in China this year, more than two-thirds of the member companies continue to list China as the primary market.

　　Starbucks, a Seattle-based coffee chain, is committed to opening 6,000 stores in China before the end of the year.

　　Germany, in the first half of this year, set a record high for its investment in China in the first half of this year since 2000. Among the industries in which Germany increased its investment in China, there was its manufacturing "crown jewel" — — Automobile industry.

　　This year, German Volkswagen, which has been producing and operating in China for nearly 40 years, set the first subsidiary of its software company CARIAD in China — — This is also CARIAD’s first overseas subsidiary.

　　Nearly 40 years ago, the presence of Volkswagen once planted the seeds of growth for China automobile industry.

　　Today, in the eyes of the public, the establishment of a new factory in China, which ranks first in the world in the new energy automobile industry, represents the hope of the public.

　　Bringing the "leader" of China’s top industries to China means more precious confidence besides economic considerations.

　　From a global perspective, the United States, Japan, South Korea and Germany are the economic leaders in America, Asia-Pacific and Europe respectively, and they are also the weathervanes in their regions. Their choices are very convincing.

　　In fact, the Americans themselves have long forgotten: China is one of the countries with the highest total rate of return on foreign direct investment in the United States.

　　According to the U.S. Department of Economic Analysis, from 2000 to 2020, the average rate of return on American direct investment in China is14.7%, much higher than the US overseas direct investment.9.7%Yield.

　　On the contrary, if American companies reduce their investment in China by half, it will cause very direct damage to the American economy, and the one-time loss of gross domestic product (GDP) will be as high as 500 billion US dollars.

　　Even during the COVID-19 epidemic, the overall rate of return of foreign investment in China is still rising. In 2021, foreign investors can still get a rate of return of over 6% when they invest in China.

　　From a longer time dimension, the rate of return on investment in China in 2020 and 2021 remains at a stable level compared with before.

　　Under the epidemic, it remains stable, which is very telling.

　　Pan Yuanyuan, an international investment expert at China Academy of Social Sciences, told Tan Zhu:

　　The first characteristic of foreign direct investment is the long time period; Second, foreign-funded enterprises will also participate in management, bringing their own technology, experience and channels to China, and combining them with China’s resources for transformation. Therefore, unlike short-term speculative investment in the securities market, direct investment pays more attention to the fundamentals of the economy and is also more alert to risks and uncertainties.

　　In other words, the most important thing for foreign direct investment is the stability of a country’s economic expectations.

　　04

　　Where does the stability of China’s economic expectations come from?

　　Recently, the International Monetary Fund also increased the RMB weight in the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) from 10.92% in 2016 to 12.28%.

　　This figure is the confidence of the international community in the stability of China’s economy and financial market, and also the recognition of effective epidemic prevention and control in China.

　　In 2020, under the epidemic crisis, countries’ economic policies to deal with the impact are completely different.

　　Countries represented by the United States, passive prevention and control, but in order to get quick results in the short term, have adopted unlimited quantitative easing policies.

　　From the second quarter of 2020 to the first quarter of 2021, the year-on-year growth rate of M2 in the United States remained above 20%, and the average growth rate of M2 after the epidemic was about 10 percentage points faster than that before the epidemic.

　　Moreover, the United States has repeatedly introduced large-scale economic rescue bills. In 2021, the fiscal deficit ratio reached 12.4%, even higher than the historical high of 9.8% during the financial crisis in 2009.

　　The "strong medicine" seems to be effective quickly, but it has led to bad consequences.

　　During the epidemic, the United States not only ranked among the countries involved in the survey with an economic loss rate of 6.5% (excluding the impact of macroeconomic policies). The more direct performance is that the inflation level in the United States has reached a 41-year high.

Inflation in the United States not only makes American enterprises and consumers bear high production and living costs, but also transfers the crisis to the whole world.

　　According to the assessment of the Bank for International Settlements, the annual inflation rate of nearly 60% developed economies exceeds 5%, the highest level since the late 1980s. The inflation rate of more than 50% developing countries has also exceeded 7%.

　　The rapid interest rate hike by the Federal Reserve in response to inflation has expanded the debt scale of emerging market countries. According to the International Monetary Fund, there are currently 38 developing countries facing debt risks.

　　Under the impact of global inflation and the Federal Reserve’s interest rate hike, Sri Lanka was forced to declare bankruptcy due to "insolvency" and became the first new market country to default on its sovereign debt in 2022.

　　Compared with the strong stimulus measures of the United States, during the epidemic, China’s macroeconomic policies were always guided at a steady pace. In the first half of this year, the national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 1.7% year-on-year, far below the level of European and American countries.

　　Because of this, the US dollar index has risen by more than 11% this year, and the depreciation of the euro, pound and yen against the US dollar is between 10% and 17%. Compared with these major global currencies, the performance of RMB is relatively stable — — It depreciated by about 5.8% against the US dollar.

　　As Lu Jinyong, director of the university of international business and economics Foreign Direct Investment Research Center, said, China still gives people an expectation and hope — — A growth expectation, profit expectation and better and better hope.

　　One of the articles in the international media commenting on China’s economy was titled "China’s economy has hidden power".

　　What are the hidden forces of China’s economy?

　　It is to plan development and safety as a whole, and it is a prominent problem to deal with economic development with systematic concept.

　　It is the wind and waves that are high, but it is as tough as a rock, and it is slow and steady, and it has its own sky.

　　Beijing, China, September 11 (Reporter Tong Yatao) According to World Finance, the economic voice of the Central Radio and Television General Station, the latest data shows that in the first eight months of this year, China’s foreign trade import and export gradually stabilized and improved, and the situation was better than expected. Gao Feng, spokesman of the Ministry of Commerce, said at the press conference held on September 10th that the foreign trade situation this year was supportive and stressful.

　　According to data released by the General Administration of Customs recently, in the first eight months of this year, the total value of China’s foreign trade import and export was 20.05 trillion yuan, down 0.6% from the same period of last year, and the decline was 1.1 percentage points narrower than that in the first seven months. Exports have achieved positive growth, with a year-on-year increase of 0.8%. At the press conference on September 10th, Gao Feng summarized China’s foreign trade performance in the first eight months of this year as "gradually stabilizing and improving, and the situation is better than expected." As for the foreign trade situation this year, Gao Feng used two words to describe it: support and pressure.

　　"On the one hand, it is ‘ Have support ’ . Since the beginning of this year, a series of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade in the State Council have been continuously implemented, and the policy effects have been continuously released. The demand in the international market has partially picked up, and the PMI index of some major international economies has improved in August. " Gao Feng said, "On the other hand, it is ‘ There is pressure ’ . At present, the global epidemic has not been fully and effectively controlled, and the demand in the international market has shrunk severely. The latest global trade prosperity index released by the WTO has hit a record low, unilateralism and protectionism have risen, and uncertainties and unstable factors have increased significantly. The situation facing China’s foreign trade development is still severe and complicated. "

　　Gao Feng introduced that in the next step, the Ministry of Commerce will closely focus on the objectives and tasks of promoting stability and improving quality of foreign trade throughout the year, pay close attention to the implementation of stable foreign trade policies, and ensure that relevant policies benefit market players as soon as possible. "Accelerate the cultivation of new foreign trade formats and new models, guide the gradient transfer of processing trade and stabilize the development of processing trade. Actively promote the innovative development of border trade. Speeding up import trade and promoting the construction of innovation demonstration zone. Support export products to domestic sales. Continue to improve the level of trade facilitation. "

　　As a "barometer" of China’s foreign trade, the 128th China Import and Export Fair, the Canton Fair, will be held online from October 15th to 24th, with an extension of 10 days.

　　In recent years, with the rapid development and wide application of digital technology, digital economy and trade have flourished and become the highlight of economic development and international economic and trade cooperation in various countries. Data show that in 2019, the added value of China’s digital economy reached 35.8 trillion yuan, accounting for 36.2% of GDP. At the just-concluded 2020 Service Trade Fair, many places and departments have also put forward relevant layout plans to accelerate the development of digital trade.

　　Gao Feng introduced that since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Commerce, together with the Central Network Information Office, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments, has studied the framework of digital trade system, put forward a digital trade work plan, and selected the first batch of 12 digital service export bases based on comprehensive evaluation, supported and guided these bases to try first, and promoted the improvement of digital trade policies and systems in the practice of digital trade.

　　"In the next step, the Ministry of Commerce, together with the Central Network Information Office and other departments, will continue to push forward the pilot work of comprehensively deepening the innovation and development of service trade, regard digital trade as an important part of the new round of pilot projects, guide relevant pilot areas to actively explore, continuously optimize the allocation of digital resources, and stimulate the development potential of China’s digital economy and trade." Gao Feng said.

Xi ‘an Jansen became history, Novartis spun off Sandoz, Pfizer Vaccine Division changed coaches, and Abbey’s position as the "king of medicine" was not guaranteed … Since September, many multinational pharmaceutical companies have experienced great changes from personnel to department structure to R&D pipeline.

Over the years, Greater China has been an important market component of many multinational pharmaceutical companies, and it is also the main driving force for their performance contribution. In the post-epidemic period, factors such as the difficulty in research and development of innovative drugs, declining performance, fierce competition in the same industry and continuous changes in industry policies are all affecting the strategic adjustment and personnel changes of multinational pharmaceutical companies in China. How to go in the second half of 2023? These pharmaceutical companies have taken the lead in making adjustments.

Johnson & Johnson: The History of Xi ‘an Janssen

The brand rejuvenation of the former giant Johnson & Johnson attracted the most attention. On September 14th, Johnson & Johnson announced that it would integrate its medical technology and pharmaceutical businesses into Johnson & Johnson’s name. Among them, Jansen changed its name to Johnson & Johnson Innovative Pharmaceutical, which also means that the logo of "Xi ‘an Jansen" will become history.

Once upon a time, the advertisement of Xi ‘an Jansen, "Stomach power is insufficient, please help with motilium", went deep into thousands of families in China, so that its Dakening, Sismin, Caile, Tylenol … all became necessities at home. The history of Xi ‘an Jansen dates back to 1961, when the Belgian scientist Dr. Paul Jansen joined Johnson & Johnson with his Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies. Since then, the strength of the Johnson & Johnson pharmaceutical sector has been greatly enhanced, and the research and development of prescription drugs has also been on the right track. However, after 2002, the OTC products that Xi ‘an Jansen relied on for a living began to decline. The fundamental reason was that the original star products, Motilium and Dyclonine, were already in the decline period of product life cycle, and the follow-up new products were unsustainable. Johnson & Johnson Group never gave Xi ‘an Jansen any new product support.

In 2021, under the pressure of cost, Johnson & Johnson began to carry out drastic reforms, divesting the consumer health business and listing it independently, becoming a dual-business company spanning the two major sectors of medical equipment and medicine. This series of reforms has also kept its performance growing in recent years. The semi-annual report in 2023 showed that its total revenue exceeded the $50 billion mark, among which the revenue of pharmaceutical business in the first half of the year increased by 3.7% year-on-year to $27.144 billion. Immunity and tumor were the main sources of performance in Johnson & Johnson’s pharmaceutical business.

In the future, Johnson & Johnson will focus more on the fields of tumor, immunity, nerve, cardiovascular, pulmonary hypertension and retina, and develop cutting-edge drugs. In terms of personnel structure, Joseph Wolk, chief financial officer of Johnson & Johnson, said last year that due to economic pressure and the separation plan of consumer health business, Johnson & Johnson may moderately reduce the number of employees.

Pfizer: structural adjustment

Since September, the structure of Pfizer China’s Hospital Emergency Division and Vaccine Division, as well as the changes of relevant responsible persons, have come into effect. Among them, the head of the Vaccine Division changed from Zhang Lingyan to Yang Bei, and there are North China District, South China District and Market Platform under the charge of Hao Yikai, Shi Yinli and Jin Xinqing respectively. It is understood that although Yang Bei is the new leader of the Vaccine Division, she has been working in Pfizer for 25 years, and the other three responsible persons have been in Pfizer for more than ten years.

Some insiders speculate that the coaching change of Pfizer Vaccine Division may be related to the performance pressure of its vaccine products. According to Pfizer’s forecast, the revenue of its two major COVID-19 products, vaccine (Comirnaty) and oral medicine (Paxlovid), will be about $13.5 billion and $8 billion in 2023, respectively, down by 64% and 58% compared with 2022, and the gross profit of COVID-19 vaccine will be equally divided with BioNTech.

At the same time, another star product of Pfizer, 13-price pneumonia vaccine Pei Er 13, successfully expanded its age in April this year, but with the catch-up of domestic pharmaceutical companies, Pei Er 13 is no longer the only choice in the China market. In 2020 and 2021, watson biological’s Woanxin and Minhai Bio’s Weimin Feibao were listed successively, and the prices were 598 yuan/dose and 458 yuan/dose respectively, which were significantly lower than Pei Er’s 698 yuan/dose. And as early as before Pei Er’s 13th birthday, the vaccination targets of Woanxin and Weimin Feibao were infants and children from 6 weeks to 5 years old (before the 6th birthday).

However, judging from the coaching change, Pfizer remains optimistic about the vaccine field and the China market. According to the data of the semi-annual report, Pfizer increased the cost of vaccine product research and development by 530 million US dollars in the first half of this year. As of June this year, Pfizer has 12 vaccines under research, and 1/3 of them have entered Phase III clinical practice.

Lilly: preparing for diet pills

On October 1st, Yuan Ping, the current acting head of Lilly’s Diabetes Alliance Division, was appointed as the national executive sales director of Diabetes Portfolio Division, and the head of Diabetes Alliance Division was replaced by Liu Aihua, the current head of Cancer Portfolio Division. This change may be a warm-up for the launch and promotion of the slimming and hypoglycemic drug telpotide in the second half of this year.

The semi-annual report shows that Lilly’s total revenue in the first half of the year was 15.272 billion US dollars, up about 7% year-on-year; The net profit was US$ 3.108 billion, up about 9% year-on-year, of which Telpotide achieved sales of US$ 980 million. Not only has the performance increased significantly, but under the expectation of diet pills and new drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, as of September 25th, Lilly’s total market value has reached as high as $524.3 billion, with a share price of $522. Telpotide, like Novo Nordisk’s Smegrupeptide and Liraglutide, belongs to the most popular GLP-1 drugs at present. The indications for weight loss of Lilly Telpotide injection were declared and listed in China in August, and it is expected to be listed at the end of the year.

Abbey: Looking for the Next "King of Medicine"

Recently, AbbVie terminated two agreements with innovative pharmaceutical companies in China. Tianjing Bio announced on September 22nd that AbbVie had terminated the agreement with lemzoparlimab, a candidate drug for CD47 antibody jointly developed and sold by the company in 2020, and the termination agreement will take effect on November 20th this year. It is understood that CD47 is another hot target after PD-1. Another project that was terminated was an authorized cooperation between AbbVie and Jiakesi Pharmaceutical, a domestic biopharmaceutical company, on SHP2 inhibitors. Garcos announced the termination of the project in July this year, and within 180 days of handover, AbbVie will continue to reimburse all expenses under the pre-approved development plan.

Many people were surprised by AbbVie’s decision to give up two innovative drugs from China. Some insiders speculate that it is because clinical trials have not reached expectations. In order to save costs, it is reasonable for AbbVie to give up these two projects.

In the past 20 years, Hummel, the "drug king", has brought more than $200 billion in revenue to AbbVie. However, at the beginning of this year, Amjevita, the first bio-similar drug of Hummel, officially entered the American market. In addition, nine bio-similar drugs competed with Hummel, resulting in a decline in its sales. In the first quarter of this year, AbbVie’s revenue was US$ 12.225 billion, down over 8% year-on-year, while Hummel’s revenue was US$ 3.541 billion, down over 20% year-on-year. AbbVie previously predicted that the franchise of Hummel will be eroded by about 45% in 2023, and AbbVie, who is eager to find the next "drug king", has been forced to terminate the research and development of seven ADC drugs.

Roche: Layout "New Troika"

Chen Shaofeng, the head of Roche’s specialty medicine field (ophthalmology, neuroscience, anti-infection and immunity) in China, resigned at the end of July. Since August 31st, Chen Kaijuan, the head of global integration strategy of Sufuda in Roche headquarters, has taken over the position of head of specialty medicine field, reporting directly to Bian Xin, president of Roche China.

Since last year, Roche has continuously optimized its strategic product portfolio in China. With the patent protection of "Troika" of Avastin, Herceptin and Rituximab expiring one after another, Roche is laying out a new "Troika", that is, expanding from a single tumor field to three major fields of "tumor, neuroscience and ophthalmology".

To this end, Roche has announced an additional investment of nearly 250 million yuan in China as working capital. Including this investment, Roche has invested a total of 1.4 billion yuan in the China market in three years. At present, Roche’s investment has achieved initial results. According to the data of the semi-annual report, Roche’s total business income was 22.681 billion Swiss francs (about 181.624 billion yuan), an increase of 8% year-on-year; Among them, the pharmaceutical business income in China was 1.505 billion Swiss francs (about RMB 12.052 billion), up 3% year-on-year, accounting for 6.6% of Roche’s global pharmaceutical business income.

Sanofi: Stick to the "Slimming Plan"

On August 31st, Sanofi, a French pharmaceutical giant, announced that Bill Hibbard, the head of its global specialty drugs, had resigned. On September 18th, Sanofi sold its 11 central nervous system products to Pharmanovia, another multinational pharmaceutical company.

In the past two years, Sanofi has been actively "slimming" by selling consumer health care brands and 17 drugs in the fields of central nervous system diseases and vascular diseases. This series of "sale plans" has been advocated by Paul Hudson, the current CEO of Sanofi, since he took office. In 2019, he put forward the "play to win" plan, aiming to focus Sanofi’s business on key research and development fields such as immune inflammation, rare diseases, tumors and vaccines from 2020 to 2025.

At present, the slimming plan has not changed. As of the first half of this year, Sanofi has at least 78 clinical projects, most of which are concentrated in the above key areas. According to the semi-annual report, Sanofi’s sales in the first half of this year reached 20.187 billion euros (about 156.389 billion yuan), a year-on-year increase of 2%. Among them, the core product, that is, Duplex monoclonal antibody in the self-exemption field, sold 4.878 billion euros (about 37.77 billion yuan). Two new drugs approved last year: Enjaymo, which is used to reduce the demand for red blood cell transfusion caused by hemolysis in adults with cold agglutinin’s disease (CAD), and Xenpozyme, which is used in children and adult patients with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD), have achieved an increase in volume, with an increase of 1800% and 750% respectively in the first half of the year. It can be seen that after getting rid of the non-main business, Sanofi has played a "home court advantage" more easily.

Novartis: Spinning off Generic Drug Subsidiary

On September 15th, Novartis announced that on October 4th, Sandoz, a subsidiary of Novartis, which specializes in generic drugs and bio-similar drugs, was officially split.

It took Novartis nearly five years to divest Sandoz. The initial split news came out in 2018, when Sandoz’s performance showed a downward trend and dragged down Novartis. Although Sandoz, Tiwa and Huizhi dominate the world’s top three in the field of generic drugs, Sandoz’s generic drugs brought Novartis only one-fifth of the total revenue in 2022, and the rest were created by innovative drugs. The data shows that in 2022, the revenue of Novartis innovative drugs was 41.296 billion US dollars, accounting for 82% of its total revenue; Sandoz’s revenue is $9.249 billion.

In order to become a truly innovative drug company, Novartis has been split up in recent years. In addition to Sandoz, Novartis also split Alcon, one of the largest ophthalmic products and equipment companies. In addition, in the field of treatment, Novartis has also focused on cardiovascular, kidney and metabolism, immunity, neuroscience and tumor from more than 10 original concerns.

At present, Novartis is moving towards the goal of being the largest innovative pharmaceutical company in the world. In the first half of this year, Novartis’s net sales were US$ 26.575 billion (about RMB 194.314 billion), a year-on-year increase of 5%; The net profit was US$ 4.611 billion (about RMB 33.715 billion), a year-on-year increase of 32%.

Immena: poor performance for "veteran"

Inmina, the leader in gene sequencing, announced on September 20th that Li Qing, the company’s global senior vice president and general manager of Greater China, had left. The day before, Waters announced the appointment of Li Qing as the company’s vice president and general manager of Greater China.

Imina is a global leader in gene sequencing and chip technology, and its product line covers scientific analysis instruments such as sequencing platforms, chip scanners and in-vitro diagnostic sequencers. But in recent years, the performance in China market is not good. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the revenue of Mina China dropped by 22%, and in the first quarter of 2023, the revenue dropped by 28% to 91 million US dollars (about 665 million yuan). According to this year’s semi-annual report, in the second quarter, Mina’s performance in China was still declining, and its revenue was US$ 115 million (about RMB 841 million), down 3% year-on-year.

In this regard, Immena explained that global inflation, exchange rate, slowing economic growth, and market competition have caused poor performance. Now that "veteran" Li Qing has gone, the challenge is still there, because it is still unknown whether Mina’s performance will pick up in the second half of the year.

GSK: R&D has been frustrated repeatedly

Recently, GSK announced that Dr. John Lepore, Senior Vice President and Director of R&D, had left the company. Dr. Kaivan Khavandi, the new R&D director who will succeed him, will lead GSK’s restructured respiratory and immunology department. On September 11th, WestlyYu, the current vice president of GSK China and head of respiratory business, was appointed as vice president and head of special medicine business, and continued to be one of the leading teams of GSK China, reporting directly to Qi Xin, general manager of GSK China. There are indications that the GSK changes not only personnel, but also internal structure and research and development direction.

In recent years, GSK has had a hard time, especially in the research and development of new drugs with high investment and high risk. In November 2022, an ADC drug under GSK was stopped by the FDA; In February of this year, the CEO of GSK announced that he would end all investment in gene therapy; In addition, GSK’s PD-1 drug Jemperli, which was acquired by acquiring Tesaro for $5.1 billion, sold only $8 million in the first half of 2022, far below GSK’s expectations.

GSK’s executive adjustment may be to change the status quo of making ends meet. GSK divides the R&D department into three groups: respiratory and immunology, vaccines and infectious diseases, and oncology, which are dedicated to initial discovery and early clinical research. GSK also said that it will not reduce investment in research and development, and will accelerate the development of products in the future.

AstraZeneca: Increase investment in China.

According to the British "Daily Mail" reported on September 10th, the CEO of AstraZeneca may leave as soon as next year. Although changes are on the way, AstraZeneca’s development in China is becoming more and more "localized". In 2023, AstraZeneca celebrated its 30th anniversary in China. Over the past 30 years, the China market has become increasingly important in AstraZeneca’s global strategic position, with R&D investment in China reaching 1.5 billion US dollars and investment exceeding 1 billion US dollars. At present, China has developed into AstraZeneca’s second largest market in the world, and is gradually changing from the original "main sales place" to "main production place" and "main creation place".

Following the formal signing of the domestic production and supply base of Budigefu inhalation aerosol with a total investment of about 450 million US dollars with Qingdao High-tech Zone on March 25th this year, AstraZeneca planned to invest another 250 million US dollars in Qingdao inhalation aerosol production and supply base project on August 14th, in order to increase the canning production capacity and build an inhalation aerosol packaging production line, and further expand the production and supply base capacity. In addition, it is reported that AstraZeneca will also set up a research and development center in Hong Kong.

Bayer and Bojian: A wave of layoffs is coming.

On September 15th, it was reported in Reuters that Bill Anderson, CEO of Bayer, was considering cutting management, and the specific plan will be put forward at the recent internal strategy meeting. On the same day, Oliver Kohlhaas, head of Bayer strategy, announced his resignation.

Although Bayer’s global spokesman declined to comment, Bayer’s layoffs have already begun. In February of this year, Bayer launched the "Resignation Option Plan" in California, USA, which laid off 55 employees who were over 55 years old and had served for 10 years. In August, BlueRock Therapeutics, a cell therapy company owned by Bayer, announced that it would lay off about 50 employees. In addition, since 2023, Bayer’s share price has only increased by 6%, far less than its peers, and Novartis’s share price has increased by 18% in the same period. It is reported that in the next few months, Bayer will formulate a more official comprehensive restructuring plan to boost the company’s share price, and many investors hope that it can split the two major departments of agriculture and medicine and go public independently.

Bayer is not the only one to reduce costs and increase efficiency. In July, Bojian, who just made a major breakthrough in the field of drugs for Alzheimer’s Harmo, announced that it would try to save $1 billion in operating expenses by 2025 by laying off 1,000 people and stopping the research and development of at least four drugs, and spend $300 million of it on the research and development of new drugs.

Survival, operational efficiency and clinical demand have always been the three driving forces for the continuous reform of domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies. The reform and adjustment of multinational pharmaceutical companies are also inseparable from these three factors. In addition, in the face of a more complex and huge China market, it will take more effort. How innovative drugs can enter medical insurance, how to promote them after entering medical insurance, and how to compete with similar products have forced multinational pharmaceutical companies to make constant adjustments in structural changes, internal resources and key teams.

At present, the policy that has the greatest impact on the performance of pharmaceutical companies in the second half of the year is undoubtedly the medical anti-corruption action that is expected to last for one year. Tang Aijin, chief analyst of Cinda Securities Medicine, believes that medical anti-corruption will affect the sales rhythm in the short term, but it will not be broken. Strengthening the restriction and supervision of the whole industry will benefit the long-term healthy development of the industry, and pharmaceutical companies will pay more attention to R&D and innovation after the sales expenses are limited.

The third week of May is National Nutrition Week.

This year’s theme is "How to cook, how to choose and how to read labels"

Learn to read nutrition labels

Do on-demand meal preparation and nutrition catering.

Koppjun believes that

This is a compulsory course for everyone.

So, how do we read food labels?

Make a reasonable meal plan?

The higher the ranking of ingredients, the more content.

It is stipulated in our country that all prepackaged foods must be printed with nutrition labels on the outer packaging, including ingredient list, nutrition ingredient list, nutrition claim, etc. Otherwise, it is an illegal product.

Just know one key point about the ingredient list: the higher the content, the higher the ranking.

Therefore, no matter how extravagant the advertisement is, you can understand it at first glance.

For example, if you buy dried fruit, if white sugar is at the top of the ingredient list, or if there is edible salt and oil, it is not recommended to give it to children, which will easily lead to excessive sugar and sodium in one day.

In addition, we need to pay attention to the food additives in the ingredient list.

The purpose of food additives is to meet the needs of color, fragrance, seasoning, preservation, preservation and processing technology.

The following ham sausage and instant noodles cover almost all additives.

Image source: Weibo

Slide up and down

↓ View food additives for various purposes ↓

● Color matching-colorant, color fixative and bleach.

● Flavoring-edible essence

● Seasoning-salt, flavor enhancer, sweetener, sour agent, salty agent and umami agent.

● Anticorrosion-preservatives and antioxidants

● Preservation-antioxidant

● Processing technology needs-thickener, emulsifier, etc.

● Nutritional fortification-nutritional fortifier

To sum up, the conclusion can be drawn from the ingredient list is that materials are the best for food, and the shorter the ingredient list, the better.

Understand the nutrient composition table

There are usually three main contents in the nutrient composition table. From left to right, the names of the nutrients, the contents of the nutrients and the nutrient reference values (NRV%) are listed.

The contents that must be marked in the nutrient composition table are:

01

Nutrients that need to be listed:

China adopts the "1+4" model, that is, energy+four core nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium). Except for some exempted foods, all nutritional ingredients must have these five ingredients on the list.

In addition, when there are raw materials (hydrogenated and/or partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, non-dairy creamer, etc.) that may contain trans fatty acids in the ingredient list, it must be marked.

Merchants can also selectively add some nutrients. For example, dairy products usually add "calcium" and coarse grain products often add "cellulose".

Examples of nutritional components of basic models in GB 28050-2011

02

Specific values corresponding to five items:

Generally speaking, how much is contained in "every 100g", drinks are used in "every 100ml", and many snacks with high energy will be used in "each serving" or "each package".

03

Nutrient reference values percentage (NRV%):

The country has a recommended daily intake value for ordinary adults for each nutrient, and the latter percentage value represents how much share you used today when you ate 100g/ml of this food.

After learning the above "basic knowledge"

It helps to know yourself.

How many calories have you eaten?

How do you know what you eat?

How much heat is there?

According to the national standard, the content in the table of nutrients is per 100ml, or per 100g, or in a serving of food.

net content

If it is 100g or 100ml, it needs to be combined with the "net content".

For example, the net content of a bottle of beverage is 500ml, and the energy value in the nutrition table is 190 kilojoules per 100ml, so the energy of the whole bottle of beverage is 190×5=950 kilojoules.

a part; a portion; a share

According to the "one copy", the specific amount of "one copy" will be written.

For example, if a packet of instant coffee powder is 15g, its nutrient content table may be "one serving (15g)", so you can look at it directly without counting.

convert

In addition, the energy unit of food labels is kilojoules (KJ), which is an internationally used unit for labeling calories, but the calories we normally say are kilocalories (Kcal), which are also called calories and calories. The conversion relationship between them is as follows:

1kcal=4.184kJ

Calculate daily requirements according to NRV

As we said earlier, NRV% is the content that must be marked in the nutrient composition table. NRV is short for Nutrition Reference Values, which is translated into Chinese as Nutrient Reference Values.

Nutrient reference values refers to the amount of certain nutrients that ordinary people should eat every day under normal circumstances.

The NRV value of each nutrient is given in the national standard General Rules for Nutrition Labeling in prepackaged foods (GB 28050-2011):

Understand what NRV is, add a percent sign and write it as "NRV%" or "nutrient reference values%", which means that the actual content of a nutrient in this food accounts for the proportion of its NRV.

It is difficult for ordinary consumers to see the level of a certain nutrient in food from the digital surface. For example, the fat content in a nut nutrient composition table below is 53.2g/100g, and consumers can’t know whether the "53.2 g" here is high or low, but it is easy to understand if it is expressed by NRV%. Eating 100 grams of this food can probably meet 89% of the fat I need in a day, and other foods with more fat should be eaten less!

NRV%= content ÷NRV×100%

The above picture shows the nutritional composition table of a dairy product. We can see that every 100ml of dairy product contains 110mg of calcium, and nutritionists suggest that adults consume 800mg of calcium every day, and 110÷800×100%=13.75% (about 14% in the composition table), which is the meaning of our NRV%.

If the whole box of milk has 250 ml, when you finish it, you have completed 34.4% of today’s calcium intake task.

Friends who have special needs for food, such as gaining muscle, losing weight and controlling salt, need to pay special attention to NRV%. Through these values, calculate your daily intake.

How’s it going?

Want to achieve "can cook and choose, can read the label"

Isn’t it that difficult?

Congratulations!

Understand ingredient list, nutrient composition list, NRV%

Next time I go shopping in the supermarket

You can compare and choose ~

Recommended video today

Body shaping clothes = slimming clothes?

Can you really slim your waist and burn fat?

Many women are keen on wearing corsets.

Can a corset really slim the waist and burn fat?

Actually, it can’t!

After taking off the corset,

Not only will the figure not look good.

It will become loose!

Poke the video together to see the details ~

Popular reading

(Click on the picture to read)

Original title: "I heard that you buy food without looking at the nutrient list? It is necessary to popularize science! 》

Read the original text

Former German Chancellor helmut kohl (1930-2017). Oriental IC data map

On June 16, 2017, former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl passed away at the age of 87. Cole was born into a Catholic family in ludwigshafen, Germany on April 3, 1930. From 1982 to 1998, he served as the Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Germany and the unified Germany, witnessing the unification of the two Germans.

Cole visited China four times during his tenure as Prime Minister, which made positive contributions to the development of Sino-German relations. He was called "an active promoter of Sino-German relations and an old friend of the German people" by German leaders. In fact, as early as 1974, before China’s reform and opening up, Kohl visited China and became one of the earliest politicians in the Federal Republic of Germany to visit China. This paper focuses on reviewing Kohl’s outstanding contribution to the development of Sino-German relations, so as to cherish the memory of this great politician.

First, Cole’s first trip to China

In 1972, China established diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic of Germany, but for a long time after that, the ruling Social Democratic Party (SPD) government still regarded the Soviet Union as the focus in its New Oriental policy, unwilling to offend the Soviet Union by developing diplomatic relations with China. Therefore, the Federal German government’s political contacts with China are very cold. "Doing (economic) business with Beijing and talking about detente with Moscow" has become an important feature of the Federal German government’s policy towards China and the Soviet Union, two eastern powers.

In contrast, Cole’s Christian Democratic Union (CDU) not only played an important role in the process of establishing diplomatic relations between China and the Federal Republic of Germany, but also became the main political force of the Federal Republic of Germany to promote the development of bilateral relations between the two countries after the establishment of diplomatic relations. In 1971, the visit of CDU party member and former Federal German Foreign Minister Gerhard Schr?der (1910-1989) to China became a prelude to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. Franz Josef Strauss (1915-1988), the leader of Christian Social Union (CSU), the sister party of CDU in the Bundestag, also visited China many times and held talks with Mao Zedong.

Before Cole’s first visit to China in September, 1974, Willy Brandt (1913-1992) had resigned as prime minister, and the Social Democratic Party began to make adjustments to its China policy. The CDU still held the initiative in its China policy. Cole, who has become the chairman of the CDU and the governor of rheinland-pfalz, held talks with Deng Xiaoping, then the deputy prime minister of the State Council, and established a personal friendly relationship with Deng Xiaoping. This visit to China has deepened his understanding of China, and he thinks: "As a potential superpower, China plays a decisive role in international politics. China’s support for Western European Union and German reunification is very important. "

Second, promote the development of Sino-German relations in the 1980s

In 1982, the Social Democratic Party government, which had been in power for more than ten years, went out of office, and the CDU regained the position of Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany. Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany also changed from Helmut Schmidt (1918-2015) to Kohl. The relationship between China and the Federal Republic of Germany has ushered in a more rapid development.

In October 1984, Cole visited China for the first time as Prime Minister. According to the Germans at this time, a "revolution" is taking place in China, and Deng Xiaoping is regarded as the leader of this revolution. The Federal German reporter who visited China with Cole at the same time believed that the Chinese side showed a brand-new external appearance in the reception process, "from exporting revolutionary ideology to praising the market economy". During his current visit to China, Cole’s conversation with Deng Xiaoping, who is leading China’s reform and opening up, is also more relaxed than it was 10 years ago. The two sides not only talked about state affairs, but also had a relaxed exchange on issues such as height and longevity. In order to show respect for this guest and attach importance to the technology of the Federal Republic of Germany, Deng Xiaoping even said modestly to Cole that it will take China another 50 years to catch up with the economic level of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Cole told the Bundestag after returning home that China and the Federal Republic of Germany have a lot in common on issues such as safeguarding world peace, European union and dealing with national division. In a government statement on October 18th, 1984, he emphasized China’s important position in world politics as the world’s most populous country, a nuclear power and a permanent member of the UN Security Council, and pointed out that "China’s opening to the world and its modernization process will not be reversed".

Cole’s trip has also greatly promoted the economic, trade and cultural exchanges between the two countries. More than 20 people from the industrial and commercial circles of the Federal Republic of Germany came to China to discuss with the Chinese side such issues as nuclear power plants, television satellites and Sino-German joint-venture automobile enterprises. During his current visit to China, Cole personally witnessed the signing ceremony of Shanghai Volkswagen Co., Ltd., a joint venture between the two countries and one of the models of Sino-foreign joint ventures. Tongji University, also located in Shanghai, has a long history with Germany and was once the focus of Germany’s cultural policy toward China. During Cole’s first visit to China, he visited Tongji University on October 13th, which was the first visit to Tongji University by the Federal Chancellor after the founding of New China. During his visit to Tongji University, Cole pointed out that he hoped Tongji University students would become a bridge between the two countries. By 1987, the number of China students studying and studying in the Federal Republic of Germany had reached 2,150, which was the largest among China students in western European countries.

The closer relationship between China and the Federal Republic of Germany indirectly urges the Democratic Republic of Germany, another country of the German nation, to accelerate the normalization of relations with China. Since 1960, the relationship between China and the GDR once deteriorated to the brink of breaking off diplomatic relations. After 1976, the GDR observed the political and economic situation in China for a long time, and became the first country in the Soviet-East camp to normalize relations with China before the Soviet Union. It regards China not only as a force that can be used in diplomacy and international politics, but also as an economic partner with great potential. Cole’s visit to China put great pressure on the top political leaders of GDR. Erich Honecker (1912-1994), the leader of the GDR, pointed out that the cooperation between China and the Federal Republic of Germany and other western countries "will only benefit the reactionary forces of international imperialism" and lead to "Beijing’s hostility to socialist countries", and the GDR urgently needs to normalize relations with China.　　　　　　　　

Against this background, in October 1986, two years after Cole’s visit to China, honecker, the first figure in the GDR, finally successfully completed his planned visit to China for many years. The normalization of the relationship between China and the GDR means that the relationship between China and the two Germans has begun to emerge from the shadow of the Cold War.

When Cole came to China again as Prime Minister in July 1987, he was called "an old friend of the people of China" by China leaders at that time. In fact, before his visit to China, both the political and economic circles of the Federal Republic of Germany were uncertain about the domestic situation and future development of China at that time. When meeting with Cole, Deng Xiaoping, then director of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Advisory Committee, said that China’s reform and opening-up process will continue, and there are no contradictions and disputes between China and the Federal Republic of Germany. Therefore, long-term cooperation between the two countries is entirely possible. Cole said, "China’s great development can be seen everywhere", "China is constantly fighting against backwardness and complacency with vigorous energy".

At this time, the economic and trade relations between the two countries continued to develop rapidly, and the trade volume between the two sides reached 8.9 billion marks. The Federal Republic of Germany has become the fourth largest trading partner of China after Hong Kong, China, Japan and the United States. However, due to the lack of foreign exchange and huge trade deficit in China at that time, the export of the Federal Republic of Germany to China was greatly restricted, making it difficult to further expand and many large-scale projects were difficult to carry out. To this end, the Federal Republic of Germany has increased its efforts to provide government loans to China in order to promote the growth of exports to China. A representative project is the Metro Line 1 built for Shanghai by the Federal Government of Germany. On the condition of government loans, the Federal Republic of Germany also exported its trains and electric equipment to China.

Cole’s trip is also trying to solve the problem that the Federal Republic of Germany has less investment in China. At that time, among the 3,000 Sino-foreign joint ventures in China, there were only 19 joint ventures between China and the Federal Republic of Germany. During this trip, Kohl reached an agreement with Chinese leaders that the two sides will set up a special expert group to discuss the investment of Federal German enterprises in China every year.

Thanks to the joint efforts of senior leaders of both sides, throughout the 1980s, China and the Federal Republic of Germany exchanged more than 20 visits of officials at the level of deputy minister or above each year. During these mutual visits, the issue of economic and trade cooperation has become the central topic of both sides. Trade between the two countries also increased rapidly from $3.141 billion in 1985 to $4.918 billion in 1988. The advanced scientific and technological experience, products and strong financial strength of the Federal Republic of Germany have greatly helped China’s reform and opening up.

Third, respond to the crisis of Sino-German relations

Cole’s other great contribution to Sino-German relations was to maintain bilateral relations in the crisis of 1989, so that they did not fall into further deterioration.

In 1989, the international situation was in a period of intense turmoil and transition, and both China and the Federal Republic of Germany were faced with great challenges. The collapse of socialism in the Democratic Republic of Germany and the wave of reunification of the two Germans have made the (federal) German society more tough on the ideological issue of China, which is also a socialist country. After the political turmoil in China in June 1989, the Bundestag immediately announced sanctions against China. These sanctions mainly include suspending high-level political exchanges, re-examining cooperation projects between the two countries, no longer providing loans and stopping development assistance to China. The deterioration of bilateral political relations between the two countries has directly led to a sharp decline in trade, scientific and cultural exchanges between the two countries. The relationship between China and the Federal Republic of Germany is in the biggest crisis since the establishment of diplomatic relations.

The economic circles of the Federal Republic of Germany expressed their worries and dissatisfaction with the economic sanctions against China. As Heinrich Weiss, who was the chairman of the China Working Group of the Asia-Pacific Committee of the (Federal) German economic circles from 1982 to 1997, said, the punitive measures taken by the government for too long at that time not only caused short-term trade losses, but also damaged the priority position of the Federal Republic of Germany in trade with China. However, despite domestic sanctions, Federal German enterprises continue to develop relations with China. Volkswagen announced in July 1989 that it would expand the production of Shanghai Volkswagen. At the end of November 1990, Volkswagen and Changchun FAW agreed to establish a joint venture to produce Audi cars.

We now know that it was the Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Social Democratic Party that actively encouraged sanctions against China at that time. In contrast, the Federal Government of Germany led by Cole tried to maintain the relations between the two countries in a difficult situation. Regarding the domestic situation in China, the basic judgment of the Federal German government is that "it is in China’s actual interests to continue reform and opening up, while the continued tough sanctions imposed on China by the outside world are not conducive to this development". Therefore, "the existing development assistance projects guaranteed by contracts should continue". A document issued by the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Germany on June 9, 1989 not only holds that the government should resist sanctions such as stopping development assistance and recalling its ambassador to China, but also points out that "we can only influence China if we maintain relations with it" and that "continuing to isolate China will destroy the international balance of power, which is not in our interest".

On August 15th, the document of the Foreign Ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany pointed out that the continued sanctions imposed by the Federal Republic of Germany and the West on China may bring China and the Soviet Union closer together politically and economically, thus changing the balance of international political power, which is unfavorable to the Federal Republic of Germany. The goal of the Federal Republic of Germany’s China policy is to prevent China from falling into international isolation and readjusting the policy of reform and opening up. Therefore, "the Federal Republic of Germany will resume high-level exchanges with China step by step".

In practice, the Federal German government not only rejected the Social Democratic Party’s request to temporarily close the Goethe Institute in Beijing (established in 1988) and stop scientific and technological cooperation with China, thus maintaining the cultural relations between the two countries, but also tried to maintain the cooperation projects between the two countries, including the Shanghai subway aided by the Federal Republic of Germany. In late May 1991, before the Bundestag officially lifted the sanctions against China, the unified German Foreign Ministry resumed political consultations with China. The State Secretary of the German Ministry of Economy and the Minister of Economy also visited China successively. During this period, most of the high-ranking German politicians who visited China came from the German government or members of the Union Party in the parliament (such as Hans Klein, deputy speaker of the Bundestag who visited China at the end of January 1992).

We now know that all measures aimed at maintaining China’s relations with the Federal Republic of Germany at that time and normalizing relations with China were "jointly carried out by the (Federal) German government and its Foreign Ministry". Cole, as the then prime minister of the government, undoubtedly played a key role in maintaining the relations between the two countries during the crisis in 1989, which eventually prompted the Bundestag to cancel the economic cooperation and export restrictions to China and provide development assistance to China again. At the end of October 1992, German Foreign Minister kinkel (1936-) visited China, which normalized Sino-German relations.

IV. Visit to China under the New Asia Policy Background

In October 1990, Germany was reunified. For reunified Germany, the Asia-Pacific region is an attractive but underinvested region. The temporary difficulties in German economy after reunification and the new situation in German diplomacy after reunification make it urgent for Germany to strengthen cooperation with China. It coincides with the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in October 1992, and the goal of economic reform is to establish a socialist market economic system. The 14th National Congress pointed out that whether China can accelerate its economic development is not only a major economic issue, but also a major political issue. In this case, China urgently needs investment from Germany and the resumption of Sino-German trade.

Compared with the United States, Germany’s economic and trade activities in the Asia-Pacific region are obviously insufficient. Winston Lord (1937-), then Assistant Secretary of State of the United States, once said: "No other region in the world is more important to the United States today than the Asia-Pacific." More than 20% of American foreign investment is in Asia. However, Germany’s investment in Asian countries is less than 5% of its total foreign investment.

In February and March of 1993, Cole visited India, Singapore, Indonesia, Japan and South Korea. This visit made him deeply shocked by the vigorous development of Asian economy. Immediately after his return to China, he said that Asian affairs were the "priority" for Germany. During the talks with cabinet ministers, Kohl put forward a plan for Germany’s new Asian policy, which was approved at the cabinet meeting at the end of September. This document points out that Germany needs a "more active Asian policy", which will "guarantee Germany’s future".

Cole believes that Asia will become the most important continent in the 21st century. Strengthening economic ties with the fastest growing regions in the world is the central point of Germany’s Asian policy. In foreign affairs and foreign economic activities, Germany gives priority to Asia and Asia-Pacific countries, but no country in Asia is experiencing rapid economic development like China. He regards China as a country with global significance, and strengthening economic and trade exchanges with China is one of the focuses of this new Asian policy.

Cole’s visit to China in November 1993 was launched under this background. This is also the first time that German top leaders have visited China since reunification. Cole not only talked with the new leadership of China, but also successfully signed an economic cooperation contract of $2.927 billion. Through this visit to China, the relationship between Germany and China has accelerated.

By the time he visited China for the last time as German Chancellor in November, 1995, Sino-German relations, especially bilateral economic and trade relations, had grown. According to statistics, in 1997, Sino-German trade volume reached US$ 12.67 billion, accounting for one third of China-EU trade at that time. In 1996, a total of 963 German enterprises invested in China, with investment agreements amounting to more than US$ 8 billion, distributed in 1,886 projects. By 1998, China had imported 2,951 technology contracts from Germany, amounting to US$ 14.46 billion, second only to China’s technology imports from the United States. By the turn of the century, Germany has become the European country with the largest technology transfer to China.

Fifth, the aftertaste of Cole’s China policy

As a CDU politician, Cole has always viewed the relationship between the two countries from the realistic perspective of international balance of power since his first visit to China.. He has long regarded China as an important force that Germany can rely on on on the world stage, believed in the important role of China’s reform and opening up to Germany and the world, and tried to promote the development of bilateral relations by developing economic and trade relations.Most of Cole’s many visits to China during his tenure as Prime Minister also focused on economic and trade themes. This became an important tradition of Germany’s China policy, which was inherited by the later German political leaders..

Judging from the tradition of German foreign policy, Kohl’s insistence on maintaining and developing contacts with Chinese high-level officials in the crisis of relations between China and (the Federal Republic of) Germany is actually the embodiment of Germany’s strategy of "promoting evolution through proximity" to countries in the Soviet Union and East Europe. Of course, the result of foreign policy is often more complicated than the designer of the policy thinks. The relationship between the two countries that emerged from the crisis has gradually developed and expanded in recent years. The deepening and further development of economic and trade exchanges between the two countries has promoted the further development and consolidation of bilateral relations in humanities, science and technology, society and especially important political and diplomatic fields. In 2014, the Sino-German Cooperation Action Program jointly issued by the Chinese and German governments pointed out that "Sino-German economic and trade relations are the core component of bilateral relations".

At present, Germany is China’s largest trading partner in the EU, and China has become Germany’s largest trading partner in the world (in 2016). On the basis of strengthening economic and trade exchanges, China and Germany have gradually established close interdependence. The exchanges between the two countries not only enabled the Federal Republic of Germany to "further enter the stage of world politics", but also provided a model for cooperation between countries with different systems.

[Editor’s note] Insight into the trend and look forward to the future. At the beginning of the new year in 2024, Xinhuanet planned the all-media column of "Seeing 2024", inviting experts, scholars and entrepreneurs to put new hotspots and new trends in the pulse industry, and to enlighten intelligent thinking and reflect industrial changes with professional insight to help high-quality economic and social development.

Xinhuanet Beijing, February 5 (Ren Yuxi) Chain operation is a highly large-scale business model. Chain enterprises and brands can carry out specialized division of labor under the overall planning, and implement centralized management on the basis of division of labor, thus improving the overall operational efficiency and realizing economies of scale.

Throughout the past development process, the chain operation industry in China has shown remarkable development potential and resilience in different formats. Recently, Peng Jianzhen, President of China Chain Store & Franchise Association, made a guest visit to "See 2024" on Xinhuanet, and made an in-depth analysis and prediction on the development of chain store business in China.

Q: With the development of economy, the chain operation industry in China has experienced a process of growing from scratch, from small to large. Looking back on the data in 2023, what is the performance of chain operation in China?

Peng Jianzhen:Judging from the latest data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the overall consumer market is improving. Judging from the development of various formats in the chain industry, different formats have different performances. In 2023, the department store industry ushered in a recovery growth, with an increase of 8.8%; The supermarket industry decreased by 0.4%; Convenience stores, specialty store and specialty stores increased by 7.5%, 4.9% and 14.5% respectively. Generally speaking, the chain operation market is recovering, and different formats have different performances.

At the same time, some new features have appeared in the whole market. Before 2020, the consumer goods industry showed a trend of consumption upgrading. The trend of consumption classification after 2020 is obvious. In the past few years, almost all enterprises that have more accurate positioning of target consumers have achieved outstanding business performance.

Q: People’s demand for fast and convenient consumption methods is increasing, which provides opportunities for the development of chain enterprises. Based on the performance in 2023, please predict the development of chain operation in China in 2024.

Peng Jianzhen:In 2024, the general trend of consumption classification will continue. At the same time, there are new opportunities in the retail market. Take instant retailing as an example. Instant retailing is the cooperation between e-commerce platform and offline entities. In the past two years, instant retailing has developed rapidly. When consumers place an order on the online platform of instant retail, they can get the goods in about 30 minutes at the earliest. Behind the birth of this format is the change in people’s consumption patterns.

In the past few years, instant retailing has grown at a rate of more than 50% every year. Now the market scale has reached about 800 billion yuan, and will soon reach the trillion level.

With the change of people’s consumption lifestyle, new formats will have great opportunities for development. In addition, in addition to material consumption, spiritual consumption in the future is also the main point to pay attention to, such as concerts, cultural performances, sports leagues and so on. There is still a lot of room for excavation in this area.

Q: 2024 is full of opportunities and challenges for chain enterprises and brands. What should we do in 2024? Please give some development suggestions to the enterprise from a professional perspective.

Peng Jianzhen:In 2023, overall, regional retail enterprises performed better than national enterprises, and FMCG brands performed slightly better than retail terminal channel enterprises. Based on the existing trends, we also give some suggestions for the development of enterprises in 2024.

Twenty years ago, most enterprises would focus on expansion. In the past two years, the association has observed that more and more enterprises have gradually shifted their focus to internal cultivation. Take Shangchao as an example. When Shangchao surpasses, it will focus on staking and occupying the market. But now we will pay great attention to the construction of commodity power. Department stores and shopping centers are no exception. In the past, the focus was on attracting investment and introducing good brands, but since last year, special attention has been paid to the in-depth operation with brands and how to serve the consumer groups well. In addition, the deep cooperation between retailers and consumer goods enterprises is also strengthening. Through customized brands and own brands, they can jointly improve their operational capabilities and better serve the target consumers. It is suggested that enterprises can follow up from these aspects.

From the perspective of industry observers, when enterprises develop rapidly, decision-making is relatively simple. Because as long as the performance increases, many problems can be covered up. But now enterprises have gradually realized this and paid more and more attention to scientific decision-making. The so-called scientific decision-making is the basis of making decisions with numbers, and reducing costs and increasing efficiency through digital means. In this respect, the power invested by enterprises is gradually increasing. It is suggested that enterprises can learn from the cases of excellent enterprises, and help enterprises to make judgments through scientific decision-making, so that every step can be practical.

Q: The development of the whole chain operation industry is inseparable from the joint efforts of the government, associations and enterprises. What are the key work directions of China Chain Store & Franchise Association in 2024, and what benefits will these work bring to the industry?

Peng Jianzhen:China Chain Store has made a plan for the work in 2024, specifically in the following aspects.

First, focus on promoting the ecological cooperation between retailers and brands, retailers and consumer goods enterprises. Retailers and consumer goods enterprises are not only buying and selling, but more importantly, ecological cooperation. This cooperative relationship needs to create value for consumers by studying consumers and building commodity power. The association will then advocate enterprises to do this work.

Second, pay attention to the construction of commercial civilization. In the chain operation format, most enterprises that have done well have established modern enterprise systems. Enterprise internal governance is relatively transparent, in line with the modern enterprise system. In the past, China retail enterprises paid more attention to "home" culture, loyalty and winning the battle, which was very important. At the same time, it is essential to improve the modern enterprise system, which can help enterprises to make a qualitative leap. The association hopes that the construction of commercial civilization will bring new development impetus to chain enterprises.

Third, strengthen international exchanges. For domestic enterprises, going to sea is a great opportunity. Many tea and catering enterprises in China have developed well in Southeast Asia, Europe and America, and achieved good results overseas. In particular, China has been at the forefront in the exploration of digitalization in the past few years, and the international market has recognized the digital application of retail business scenes in China. On the one hand, the association will help enterprises connect with overseas resources and encourage them to find more growth in the international market; On the other hand, it is to promote international cooperation, because China retail enterprises have explored more online and offline business models, and many foreign enterprises have come to China to study and study. In addition to helping enterprises learn better overseas experience, the association will also introduce China’s excellent business model to overseas counterparts.

Fourth, ESG construction will be taken to a new level. ESG is a key indicator of enterprise development. Many enterprises simply interpret ESG as corporate social responsibility. In fact, ESG’s scoring system reflects whether the whole enterprise can develop sustainably in the long run. At the same time, if ESG scores high, it will also get the attention of many investment institutions. The association will promote the industry to pay attention to ESG together and improve the overall ESG level.

Q: The retail industry in China has developed rapidly in recent 30 years. Influenced by social environment, culture and history, China’s retail industry presents different characteristics in the world retail industry, and its development situation also shows obvious differences. Please talk about the characteristics of the development of China’s retail industry and make suggestions for the future development of China’s retail industry.

Peng Jianzhen:Generally speaking, the current situation of China’s retail industry is similar to that of the United States at a certain stage in its history. From 1945 to 1979, the economy of the United States grew rapidly, from about $100 billion to $2.6 trillion. During this period, American business consumption showed an overall upgrading trend, and China was similar to it before 2019. Then, from 1980 to 2010, there was a consumption classification in the American market. For example, supermarkets such as Costco appeared during this period, and many boutique supermarkets and organic supermarkets were gradually born. This process also appeared in China at this stage.

The overall trend is similar, but the difference is that the United States has a trend of consumption classification since the 1980 s. At the same time of consumption classification, enterprises have achieved differentiated development and provided targeted services according to different target customers. Enterprises have a very obvious "label" in consumers’ minds, which is based on the establishment of consumers’ minds. However, around 2012, China’s retail industry encountered the rapid rise of e-commerce before it had time to complete the expansion from scale to differentiation, which disrupted the development process of offline retail industry. The first challenge facing Shangchao is the decline in passenger flow. Offline enterprises are beginning to do omni-channel, hoping to open up online and offline through online business and retain passenger flow. But the reality is that offline customers are still on a downward trend, because it is difficult for offline enterprises to get through online and offline; Therefore, before and after 2016, enterprises began to try to digitize, and only after the underlying digital foundation was completed can they hope to get through online and offline business. Generally speaking, from 2012 to 2020, China’s retail industry has invested in omni-channel and digitalization. During this period, the commodity power of enterprises has not been well improved, the differentiation of enterprises has not been formed, and the positioning and image in the eyes of consumers are not prominent. That is to say, the basic capacity building of enterprises is not enough, and they have not established their own "labels" in the eyes of consumers and failed to establish their own moat.

Based on this situation, it is suggested that enterprises "make up lessons" from the following three aspects. First, strengthen scientific decision-making, only scientific decision-making can enable enterprises to achieve scientific operation on a certain scale; Second, in order to have a deeper insight into consumers, we must find and focus on target consumers and clarify the positioning of enterprises; Third, improve the modern enterprise system. In the past, enterprises usually only used the "home" culture to gather strength. On this basis, a perfect modern enterprise system can make enterprises develop sustainably in the long run. In the future, from these three aspects, the retail enterprises in China will have a strong vitality in generate.

1905 movie network news Hollywood sci-fi movies based on Frank Herbert’s famous sci-fi novels are being released in major theaters all over the country. At present, the box office in the mainland has broken 243 million and is gradually rising. The global box office is close to 400 million US dollars. Since its release, word-of-mouth and topics have been "bombed" constantly, and the popularity of the whole network has continued to soar. Today, the official release of the special feature of the China trip by the director and his wife and producer, the magnificent trip to the Forbidden City, the enthusiastic post-screening exchange, and the continuous conversations with mainland coffee makers all showed the wonderful trip of director denis villeneuve in China and left precious memories for all China fans and friends.

The movie Dune 2 is directed by "the new godfather of science fiction movies" denis villeneuve (), starring,,,,,,,, Florence Pew, etc., and is being shown. Don’t miss the strongest immersion trip in the cinema.

The works of the first Hollywood director who came to China after being released were deeply influenced by China culture.

On the occasion of Dune 2 being shown in national cinemas, denis villeneuve, the director of Dune 2, the new godfather of science fiction movies in China, and Tanya Laponte, the producer of Dune 2, came to China for a series of special activities. This made denis villeneuve the first Hollywood director to come to China to participate in the meeting activities and thank his fans and friends after the film was released, and his sincerity was extraordinary. This trip to China was warmly welcomed by all the friends who like Dune 2 and director Villeneuve.

During his trip to China, director Villeneuve said that he had visited China 34 years ago while filming a documentary for Canadian television, and stayed in Sichuan and Chongqing for a month. At that time, he was shocked and attracted by China culture. There are obvious China elements in director Villeneuve’s works, such as Coming, Blade Runner 2049, Dune, and Dune 2, which is currently being shown in mainland cinemas. Therefore, it is of great significance for the director to return to China this time. The director and his wife’s trip to China was very fruitful: they visited the magnificent Forbidden City; Ate the "China Famous Food" candied haws; I tried Chinese wolfberry and jujube tea. I saw China’s "worm" frozen bamboo shoots, snowballing and dried worms; China’s "Spice" was warmly presented by fans and friends, and there was also a banner with China characteristics praising the director’s "Cow Wow Cow Wow". Wave after wave of surprises has also made netizens all over the network relish.

It is of great significance for Villeneuve to talk to the cinema of Dune 2, a big coffee from all walks of life in the Mainland.

In this special issue of China, director Villeneuve had in-depth talks with "the representative of China science fiction films", the director and producer of mainland high-box-office films, and cultural celebrities. Director Villeneuve said that he would be honored if he could visit the shooting scene of director Frant Gwo later, and the atmosphere of exchanging signed posters between them was warm. In the dialogue with director Chen Sicheng, director Chen Sicheng praised director Villeneuve, saying that "a good artist is not creating, but awakening something". This view made director Villeneuve deeply agree with him and said that he was very happy to be recognized. Finally, I received a gift carefully prepared by Director Chen Sicheng for Director Villeneuve and his wife. The visual impact and humanistic thinking in Dune 2 also deeply shocked Xu Zhiyuan, a cultural celebrity, and they had an unprecedented in-depth dialogue.

Director Villeneuve heard in this trip to China that not all cities in the mainland have enough special format halls for everyone to watch Dune 2, so he sincerely and intimately said that every format version was carefully supervised by him. So as long as you watch Dune 2 in the cinema, no matter what kind of screen and audio-visual hardware, you can feel different charms. As long as you watch Dune 2 in the cinema, you can feel how impressive and memorable a work that is really made for movies can be. At present, many movie fans in the mainland have watched it many times, both in special formats and ordinary movie theaters. Everyone wants to experience this unprecedented "cinema movie" when it is shown in major theaters.

The Hollywood sci-fi movie Dune 2 is being shown in cinemas all over the country, and the annual screen must be seen!

Promoting statistical work in the new era and realizing high-quality development

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Interpretation of the revised statistical law

Our reporter Zhu ningning

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On September 13th, the 11th meeting of the 14th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) passed the Decision of the NPC Standing Committee on Amending the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China. The revised Statistics Law added 3 new articles and revised 21 articles.

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Statistics fromSince it was formulated in 1983, it has played a very important role in standardizing the orderly development of statistical work, ensuring the quality of statistical data and promoting the reform and construction of statistical system. However, statistical fraud, fraud, imperfect statistical supervision system, insufficient supervision effectiveness and other issues are more prominent, and it is urgent to revise the statistical law and strengthen the top-level design.

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"The revision of the statistical law is a revision rather than a revision. On the basis of keeping the current statistical law system framework basically unchanged, it focuses on statistical supervision, prevention and punishment of statistical fraud, and statistical information sharing, and has supplemented, revised and improved the statistical law." Shi Hong, director of the Social Law Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee, said.

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According to reports, the revision of the statistical law adheres to the problem orientation, enriches the basic statistical functions such as statistical supervision, supplements and improves the basic statistical systems such as statistical investigation, national economic accounting, statistical data management and publication, and strengthens the legal responsibility for illegal acts such as statistical fraud. Filling in the shortcomings and weaknesses of the legal system will provide a solid guarantee for the rule of law to fundamentally solve some deep-seated contradictions and problems that have long plagued statistical work and promote the high-quality development of statistical work.

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Strengthening statistical supervision is one of the main contents of this revision. The revised statistics law is clear in the legislative purpose."Strengthen statistical supervision". At the same time, it is stipulated that the state should build a statistical supervision system with complete system, high efficiency, strong constraints and reliable authority; Statistical institutions shall, according to the statistical investigation system and approved plans, conduct statistical supervision on the implementation of major national economic and social policies and measures and the performance of statistical statutory duties in all regions and departments.

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In terms of strengthening the responsibility of preventing and punishing statistical fraud, the revised statistics law stipulates that the heads of local people’s governments at all levels, statistical agencies of people’s governments at or above the county level, relevant departments and units shall not express or imply that subordinate units and their personnel or statistical investigation objects fill in false statistical data, and increase corresponding legal responsibilities; It is stipulated that local people’s governments at all levels, statistical agencies of people’s governments at or above the county level and relevant departments shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, include the prevention and punishment of statistical fraud and fraud in the scope of responsibilities for administration and performance of duties according to law, establish and improve relevant responsibility systems, strengthen the assessment and management of leading cadres’ statistical work, and investigate legal responsibilities for statistical fraud and fraud according to law; It is stipulated that the state shall implement a unified national economic accounting system, and the National Bureau of Statistics shall organize and implement the regional GDP accounting work in a unified way; Increase legal responsibility for the behavior of the responsible person who neglects the serious inaccuracy of statistical data; And increase the provisions of the bottom, throughThe way of "enumerating and covering the bottom" ensures that all kinds of statistical fraud and fraud are fully investigated for legal responsibility.

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In addition, the revised statistics law has also improved the provisions of legal liability, including: connecting with the reform of supervision system, civil service law, administrative punishment law of public officials, administrative reconsideration law, law on guarding state secrets, data security law, personal information protection law, etc., and modifying the relevant expressions; Strengthen the investigation of legal responsibility for statistical fraud and fraud; Increase the amount of fines for enterprises, institutions or other organizations that refuse to provide statistical data and other illegal acts; Increase civil liability, and those who violate the provisions of this law and cause personal injury or property loss shall bear civil liability according to law.

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"This revision of the statistical law focuses on strengthening the party’s leadership, strengthening statistical supervision, improving statistical science, preventing and punishing statistical fraud, etc. to promote the high-quality development of statistical work, and make more targeted and operational regulations, with prominent points and more highlights." Mao Shengyong, member of the party group and deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said.

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Mao Shengyong said that in general, it is mainly reflected in the following aspects: increasing relevant regulations on statistical supervision and promoting statistical supervision to play a more effective role in the party and state supervision system; Reflect the requirements of the new development concept and strive to improve the statistical service ability; Consolidate the reform achievements such as unified accounting of regional GDP around the macro-decision of quality service; TwistThe "responsibility system" is a bull’s nose, adding provisions to further prevent statistical fraud; Strengthen the sharing of statistical information among departments, and improve the utilization efficiency of statistical data and the overall efficiency of government statistics.

　　Relevant policy documents: Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China