17 Sudanese attacked China workers safely transferred.


Camp of Wu ‘a Highway Project Department of China Hydropower Company. On January 28th, the project department was attacked by Sudanese rebels, and 29 China workers were kidnapped. Information photo This version of the picture is based on the website of China Hydropower Corporation.


Asphalt pavement construction of Sudan Wu ‘a highway. Information photo

  29 kidnapped Sudanese workers are still under the control of anti-government forces and are in South China; The whereabouts of one abductee is unknown.

  ■ "The Chinese enterprise Sudan was attacked and more than 20 Chinese were missing" tracking.

  Comprehensive Xinhua News Agency The Embassy of China in Sudan confirmed on the 30th that 17 China workers of China Company who were attacked a few days ago have been transferred to a safe place by Sudanese government forces.

  In addition, 29 previously kidnapped China workers are still under the control of Sudanese rebels.

  A total of 29 China workers were abducted.

  A person in charge of China’s embassy in Sudan told Xinhua News Agency that China Hydropower Corporation was attacked by the anti-government armed forces "Sudan People’s Liberation Movement" (Northern Bureau) at a highway project site in South Kordofan, Sudan, and 29 China workers were kidnapped. Other personnel in the construction site scattered and hid near the construction site in time. Sudanese government forces then found 17 China workers and moved them to a safe place.

  At present, the Embassy of China in Sudan and other relevant departments in China are continuing to communicate with the Sudanese side and actively rescue the 29 China workers who were abducted.

  The embassy sent a working group to assist in the rescue.

  China’s embassy in Sudan said on the 30th that it had sent a four-member working group to help the Sudanese government rescue 29 China workers who were abducted by local rebels.

  An embassy official said that a working group consisting of three diplomats, including the Political Counselor, and a person in charge of China Hydropower Corporation went to Bailly, the capital of North Kordofan State, to meet 17 China workers who were safely transferred by Sudanese government forces. Subsequently, the working group will participate in helping to rescue the hijacked workers in China.

  An official of China’s embassy in Sudan said that all communications between the kidnapped China people and the outside world were cut off. South Kordofan, where the attack occurred, borders South Sudan and is one of the most rampant areas of anti-government armed activities. Anti-government forces are mainly entrenched in the Nuba Mountains in the state.

  There are 47 China workers on the construction site.

  On the 28th, a highway project site of China Hydropower Corporation in South Kordofan, Sudan was attacked by the anti-government armed forces "Sudan People’s Liberation Movement" (Northern Bureau).

  At the time of the incident, there were 47 China workers in the construction site, 29 of whom were abducted by anti-government forces, and the other 18 workers scattered and hid near the construction site in time. The Sudanese government forces then found 17 China workers who were not abducted and moved them to a safe place, but the whereabouts of one China worker are still unknown, and the Sudanese government forces are continuing to search for his whereabouts.

  An official of China’s embassy in Sudan said that 29 kidnapped China workers are still under the control of anti-government forces.

  ■ reaction

  The Ministry of Commerce issued a security reminder.

  The Ministry of Commerce issued a message yesterday, reminding China’s relevant enterprises and personnel in Sudan to do a good job in safety precautions, pay close attention to the changes in the local security situation and ensure the safety of life and property.

  "There is no problem in the capital." Mr. Liu, an employee of China Hydropower Company who works in Khartoum, said that the situation in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, is relatively safe and life has not had much impact. The Embassy and the Commercial Counsellor’s Office require Chinese companies in the Soviet Union to be vigilant and take various measures to ensure safety.

  According to Mr. Liu, in Sudan, Chinese specially grows vegetables from China and supplies them to Chinese-funded units. South Kordofan, Sudan, which was attacked on the construction site in China, is located on the border between North and South Sudan. Usually, the living conditions of workers are quite good, and the company has uniform accommodation standards. Like Khartoum, the food we eat is also grown in Chinese and then delivered.

  According to a senior official of a state-owned investment enterprise who once lived in Sudan, both state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in China have many projects in Sudan. In the area north of Khartoum, because of the low population density, the people are very comfortable and the social order is good, but there is always a conflict between herders and aborigines at the junction of the south and the north. According to its introduction, most of the state-owned projects are in the north, but they are gradually going to the south. The hydropower highway project in this accident belongs to the famous "Six Roads and One Bridge" project in South Kordofan, where there are many conflicts.

  ■ statement

  "Beifangju or pressure the government by kidnapping"

  In response to the hijacking incident, the reporter interviewed He Wenping, a researcher at the African Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He Wenping pointed out that this is a rare large-scale kidnapping of China workers in recent years. She thinks that the kidnapping is unlikely to be aimed at China workers, possibly for financial purposes, and it is unlikely to have much impact on China’s investment in Sudan.

  Since the Northern Bureau has not indicated the purpose of kidnapping China workers so far, He Wenping analyzed two possibilities. First, it was politically motivated. Because of its anti-government armed nature, the Northern Bureau may have pressured the government by kidnapping China workers, so as to get the government to agree to some of their demands; The second possibility is the purpose of money, that is, kidnapping for ransom He Wenping also pointed out that because the kidnapping place is the focus of the conflict between the Northern Bureau and the government forces, it does not rule out the possibility that the Northern Bureau did not plan it, but just stole the China workers.

  He Wenping pointed out that the hijacking incident raised a new problem for China’s overseas investment, that is, how to consider the security cost of outsourced projects, such as the construction of projects in a complicated country like Sudan, and the risk level naturally increased. He Wenping pointed out that although unstable factors increase the cost of engineering safety, certain strategies can be adopted to balance risks. For example, assess and investigate the risk areas in Africa, classify the risk levels, and observe the changes of local risk levels at any time.

  ■ progress

  "Some robbed China workers were rescued" is not true.

  On the 30th, members of the Sudanese delegation attending the 18th African Union Summit in Addis Ababa denied reports that 29 China workers kidnapped in Sudan had been partially rescued.

  The member of the Sudanese delegation, who asked not to be named, said that 29 Sudanese workers kidnapped in the border area between Sudan and South Sudan are currently in South China, and the report that some of the kidnapped workers were rescued is not true. He said that the Sudanese side kept close contact with the kidnappers and would do everything possible to rescue the workers in China.

  Earlier, foreign news reported that Sudanese government forces successfully rescued 14 China workers abducted by anti-government forces on the 30th. Our reporter connected Liu Zhenyong, spokesmen of the China Embassy in Sudan, and told reporters that the Sudanese military rescued 17 workers from China. These 17 workers were not the 29 abducted China workers, but other workers hiding near the Chinese camp. These people were not injured. For safety reasons, Liu Zhenyong said that the details of the rescue and the location of the rescued workers could not be disclosed.

  He said that at present, the embassy is closely carrying out search and rescue work, actively contacting relevant Sudanese departments, and will disclose the progress to the outside world in a timely manner, but can not disclose specific details for the time being.

  Armed groups promised to release China workers.

  In the early morning of January 30th, Beijing time, Yasser arman, secretary general of Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau), an anti-government armed force in Sudan, said in an interview with CNTV reporter that Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau) would never oppose China and Chinese, and guarantee the safety of China workers and release them.

  Arman also said: "We are a force for peace, stability and global coexistence. The leadership of Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau) and myself — — The Secretary-General and Chairman are doing their best to get accurate information about Chinese’s detention from our troops at the front line in South Kordofan. If China citizens are with the army of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (Northern Bureau), please rest assured that we will ensure their safety and release them. "

  ■ The kidnapping of China workers in Sudan.

  On October 3, 2011, a PetroChina worker was killed by unidentified gunmen in South Kordofan, Sudan, and another was injured.

  On October 18, 2008, nine employees of PetroChina were kidnapped by local rebel militants at a construction site in southwest Sudan, five of them were killed and four were rescued.

  On March 26th, 2004, two China workers were killed by mobs in Sudan. They were pilots of Sudan Project Department of Liaohe Oilfield Road Construction Company under China Petroleum and Natural Gas Group Corporation.

  This version of the manuscript (except signature) is integrated with CCTV.

  Our reporter Danielle Courbe Chu Xinyan Jin Yu Shen Yuqing and other reports.

Sudden death of 19-year-old female college students in Nanjing dormitory: relatives questioned the cause of death as a mystery

Sudden death in a sophomore girl's dormitory in Nanjing: no injuries on the body surface, excluding electric shock, and the police ruled out the cause of homicide as a mystery

Sudden death of a sophomore girl’s dormitory in Nanjing: no injuries on the body surface, accused of sudden death, police ruled out homicide, relatives questioned the cause of death.

  Sudden death in the dormitory of sophomores: On November 19th, 19-year-old Zhu Ge, a sophomores of Southeast University in Nanjing Jiangning Jiulonghu Campus, was found lying on the ground in the dormitory, looking pale. About half an hour later, the 120 doctors who arrived found that Zhu Ge had no signs of life.

  The reporter learned from the police that the public security organs have ruled out homicide for Zhu Ge’s sudden death. On the 23rd, family members received a notice from the police that Zhu Ge’s autopsy report concluded that he had died suddenly.

Sudden death in a sophomore girl's dormitory in Nanjing: no injuries on the body surface, excluding electric shock, and the police ruled out the cause of homicide as a mystery

Sudden death of a sophomore girl’s dormitory in Nanjing: no physical injuries. Police ruled out homicide of relatives and questioned the cause of death as a mystery.

  Stay alone in the dormitory

  Zhu Ge, a native of Suqian, Jiangsu Province, is a sophomore majoring in financial engineering at Southeast University and the only daughter in her family.

  In the eyes of good friend A Tong (a pseudonym), Zhu Ge is very cheerful, very kind to people and never gets angry. The night before Zhu Ge’s death, she also used WeChat to ask Zhu Ge to watch the movie My Girlhood, but she couldn’t make it because Zhu Ge had to prepare for the exam next week.

  "Zhu Ge’s accident can’t be suicide." A Tong speculated to reporters.

  On November 19th, it was Thursday. At about 7: 30 in the morning, her dormitory, Room 8D132, Meiyuan, and the other three roommates all went to class because they studied other majors. On the morning of the first or second class, Zhu Ge had no class and stayed alone in the dormitory.

  The accounting class she had planned to attend was in the third or fourth period, but she didn’t appear in the classroom. "Teachers in universities generally don’t explain the situation to counselors when they find that students don’t come." The roommate explained this.

  Roommate Chen Lele was the first person to find out the situation. After class at 11: 25 in the morning, she came back from the canteen to buy a meal, took out the key and opened the door. The door was half open, but it couldn’t be opened. It turned out that Zhu Ge was leaning on the door. Surveillance video shows that it was 11: 39 in the morning.

  "I stretched my head and looked in. Her lips were white and her eyes were closed. I quickly knocked on the door of the dormitory next door. No one was there, and then I found my aunt." Chen Lele spoke in a low voice.

  "After 120 arrived, the doctor found that Zhu Ge had no signs of life." As he spoke, his roommates began to cry. Roommates don’t understand that girls who are usually humorous and cheerful will suddenly leave them.

  Harmonious relationship with classmates, the cause of death is a mystery.

  According to the roommate’s memory, the aunt of the boarding house mentioned to them that there were still unfinished cakes and a cup of porridge on Zhu Ge’s table.

  When Zhu Ge died, he was dressed in military green, and his clothes were flat, as usual. However, there is a hot kettle lying on the ground next to Zhu Ge.

  That morning, Zhu Ge was going to wash her hair, and when she left, her roommate Chen Lele also asked. However, the switches in the bathroom are all button-type, not socket-type, so people are unlikely to touch the switch chip. This ruled out the possibility of electric shock.

  "The monitoring at the entrance of the dormitory shows that Zhu Ge went out at 8: 30 and returned to the dormitory in less than 10 minutes." Zhu Ge’s brother-in-law Lin Qingbai told reporters.

  A roommate said that aunt Zhu Ge suspected that she might go out and buy breakfast after washing her hair.

  Lin Qingbai, Zhu Ge’s cousin, said, "When the police arrived at the scene, Zhu Ge was unharmed. However, the police found that Zhu Ge had put a piece of cake on his desk and seemed to have bitten two times. "

  For more details, Lin Qingbai said that he is not very clear. When he arrived, the police had blocked the scene and Zhu Ge’s body was sent to the funeral home.

Process and matters needing attention in test drive of Pentium pony

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1. Appointment in WeChat official account: Pay attention to WeChat official account, the official WeChat of Pentium Pony —— Click the function of "Appointment for Test Drive" —— Enter personal information —— Select the vehicle model, store and test drive time —— After submission, receive a confirmation push with consultant information and test drive precautions.
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Pentium pony appearance

1. Determine whether you meet the test drive requirements, such as whether the driver’s license is over one year, whether the age meets the requirements, and prepare your ID card and driver’s license.
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Cole and the Development of Sino-German Relations

Former German Chancellor helmut kohl (1930-2017). Oriental IC data map

On June 16, 2017, former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl passed away at the age of 87. Cole was born into a Catholic family in ludwigshafen, Germany on April 3, 1930. From 1982 to 1998, he served as the Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Germany and the unified Germany, witnessing the unification of the two Germans.

Cole visited China four times during his tenure as Prime Minister, which made positive contributions to the development of Sino-German relations. He was called "an active promoter of Sino-German relations and an old friend of the German people" by German leaders. In fact, as early as 1974, before China’s reform and opening up, Kohl visited China and became one of the earliest politicians in the Federal Republic of Germany to visit China. This paper focuses on reviewing Kohl’s outstanding contribution to the development of Sino-German relations, so as to cherish the memory of this great politician.

First, Cole’s first trip to China

In 1972, China established diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic of Germany, but for a long time after that, the ruling Social Democratic Party (SPD) government still regarded the Soviet Union as the focus in its New Oriental policy, unwilling to offend the Soviet Union by developing diplomatic relations with China. Therefore, the Federal German government’s political contacts with China are very cold. "Doing (economic) business with Beijing and talking about detente with Moscow" has become an important feature of the Federal German government’s policy towards China and the Soviet Union, two eastern powers.

In contrast, Cole’s Christian Democratic Union (CDU) not only played an important role in the process of establishing diplomatic relations between China and the Federal Republic of Germany, but also became the main political force of the Federal Republic of Germany to promote the development of bilateral relations between the two countries after the establishment of diplomatic relations. In 1971, the visit of CDU party member and former Federal German Foreign Minister Gerhard Schr?der (1910-1989) to China became a prelude to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. Franz Josef Strauss (1915-1988), the leader of Christian Social Union (CSU), the sister party of CDU in the Bundestag, also visited China many times and held talks with Mao Zedong.

Before Cole’s first visit to China in September, 1974, Willy Brandt (1913-1992) had resigned as prime minister, and the Social Democratic Party began to make adjustments to its China policy. The CDU still held the initiative in its China policy. Cole, who has become the chairman of the CDU and the governor of rheinland-pfalz, held talks with Deng Xiaoping, then the deputy prime minister of the State Council, and established a personal friendly relationship with Deng Xiaoping. This visit to China has deepened his understanding of China, and he thinks: "As a potential superpower, China plays a decisive role in international politics. China’s support for Western European Union and German reunification is very important. "

Second, promote the development of Sino-German relations in the 1980s

In 1982, the Social Democratic Party government, which had been in power for more than ten years, went out of office, and the CDU regained the position of Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany. Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany also changed from Helmut Schmidt (1918-2015) to Kohl. The relationship between China and the Federal Republic of Germany has ushered in a more rapid development.

In October 1984, Cole visited China for the first time as Prime Minister. According to the Germans at this time, a "revolution" is taking place in China, and Deng Xiaoping is regarded as the leader of this revolution. The Federal German reporter who visited China with Cole at the same time believed that the Chinese side showed a brand-new external appearance in the reception process, "from exporting revolutionary ideology to praising the market economy". During his current visit to China, Cole’s conversation with Deng Xiaoping, who is leading China’s reform and opening up, is also more relaxed than it was 10 years ago. The two sides not only talked about state affairs, but also had a relaxed exchange on issues such as height and longevity. In order to show respect for this guest and attach importance to the technology of the Federal Republic of Germany, Deng Xiaoping even said modestly to Cole that it will take China another 50 years to catch up with the economic level of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Cole told the Bundestag after returning home that China and the Federal Republic of Germany have a lot in common on issues such as safeguarding world peace, European union and dealing with national division. In a government statement on October 18th, 1984, he emphasized China’s important position in world politics as the world’s most populous country, a nuclear power and a permanent member of the UN Security Council, and pointed out that "China’s opening to the world and its modernization process will not be reversed".

Cole’s trip has also greatly promoted the economic, trade and cultural exchanges between the two countries. More than 20 people from the industrial and commercial circles of the Federal Republic of Germany came to China to discuss with the Chinese side such issues as nuclear power plants, television satellites and Sino-German joint-venture automobile enterprises. During his current visit to China, Cole personally witnessed the signing ceremony of Shanghai Volkswagen Co., Ltd., a joint venture between the two countries and one of the models of Sino-foreign joint ventures. Tongji University, also located in Shanghai, has a long history with Germany and was once the focus of Germany’s cultural policy toward China. During Cole’s first visit to China, he visited Tongji University on October 13th, which was the first visit to Tongji University by the Federal Chancellor after the founding of New China. During his visit to Tongji University, Cole pointed out that he hoped Tongji University students would become a bridge between the two countries. By 1987, the number of China students studying and studying in the Federal Republic of Germany had reached 2,150, which was the largest among China students in western European countries.

The closer relationship between China and the Federal Republic of Germany indirectly urges the Democratic Republic of Germany, another country of the German nation, to accelerate the normalization of relations with China. Since 1960, the relationship between China and the GDR once deteriorated to the brink of breaking off diplomatic relations. After 1976, the GDR observed the political and economic situation in China for a long time, and became the first country in the Soviet-East camp to normalize relations with China before the Soviet Union. It regards China not only as a force that can be used in diplomacy and international politics, but also as an economic partner with great potential. Cole’s visit to China put great pressure on the top political leaders of GDR. Erich Honecker (1912-1994), the leader of the GDR, pointed out that the cooperation between China and the Federal Republic of Germany and other western countries "will only benefit the reactionary forces of international imperialism" and lead to "Beijing’s hostility to socialist countries", and the GDR urgently needs to normalize relations with China.        

Against this background, in October 1986, two years after Cole’s visit to China, honecker, the first figure in the GDR, finally successfully completed his planned visit to China for many years. The normalization of the relationship between China and the GDR means that the relationship between China and the two Germans has begun to emerge from the shadow of the Cold War.

When Cole came to China again as Prime Minister in July 1987, he was called "an old friend of the people of China" by China leaders at that time. In fact, before his visit to China, both the political and economic circles of the Federal Republic of Germany were uncertain about the domestic situation and future development of China at that time. When meeting with Cole, Deng Xiaoping, then director of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Advisory Committee, said that China’s reform and opening-up process will continue, and there are no contradictions and disputes between China and the Federal Republic of Germany. Therefore, long-term cooperation between the two countries is entirely possible. Cole said, "China’s great development can be seen everywhere", "China is constantly fighting against backwardness and complacency with vigorous energy".

At this time, the economic and trade relations between the two countries continued to develop rapidly, and the trade volume between the two sides reached 8.9 billion marks. The Federal Republic of Germany has become the fourth largest trading partner of China after Hong Kong, China, Japan and the United States. However, due to the lack of foreign exchange and huge trade deficit in China at that time, the export of the Federal Republic of Germany to China was greatly restricted, making it difficult to further expand and many large-scale projects were difficult to carry out. To this end, the Federal Republic of Germany has increased its efforts to provide government loans to China in order to promote the growth of exports to China. A representative project is the Metro Line 1 built for Shanghai by the Federal Government of Germany. On the condition of government loans, the Federal Republic of Germany also exported its trains and electric equipment to China.

Cole’s trip is also trying to solve the problem that the Federal Republic of Germany has less investment in China. At that time, among the 3,000 Sino-foreign joint ventures in China, there were only 19 joint ventures between China and the Federal Republic of Germany. During this trip, Kohl reached an agreement with Chinese leaders that the two sides will set up a special expert group to discuss the investment of Federal German enterprises in China every year.

Thanks to the joint efforts of senior leaders of both sides, throughout the 1980s, China and the Federal Republic of Germany exchanged more than 20 visits of officials at the level of deputy minister or above each year. During these mutual visits, the issue of economic and trade cooperation has become the central topic of both sides. Trade between the two countries also increased rapidly from $3.141 billion in 1985 to $4.918 billion in 1988. The advanced scientific and technological experience, products and strong financial strength of the Federal Republic of Germany have greatly helped China’s reform and opening up.

Third, respond to the crisis of Sino-German relations

Cole’s other great contribution to Sino-German relations was to maintain bilateral relations in the crisis of 1989, so that they did not fall into further deterioration.

In 1989, the international situation was in a period of intense turmoil and transition, and both China and the Federal Republic of Germany were faced with great challenges. The collapse of socialism in the Democratic Republic of Germany and the wave of reunification of the two Germans have made the (federal) German society more tough on the ideological issue of China, which is also a socialist country. After the political turmoil in China in June 1989, the Bundestag immediately announced sanctions against China. These sanctions mainly include suspending high-level political exchanges, re-examining cooperation projects between the two countries, no longer providing loans and stopping development assistance to China. The deterioration of bilateral political relations between the two countries has directly led to a sharp decline in trade, scientific and cultural exchanges between the two countries. The relationship between China and the Federal Republic of Germany is in the biggest crisis since the establishment of diplomatic relations.

The economic circles of the Federal Republic of Germany expressed their worries and dissatisfaction with the economic sanctions against China. As Heinrich Weiss, who was the chairman of the China Working Group of the Asia-Pacific Committee of the (Federal) German economic circles from 1982 to 1997, said, the punitive measures taken by the government for too long at that time not only caused short-term trade losses, but also damaged the priority position of the Federal Republic of Germany in trade with China. However, despite domestic sanctions, Federal German enterprises continue to develop relations with China. Volkswagen announced in July 1989 that it would expand the production of Shanghai Volkswagen. At the end of November 1990, Volkswagen and Changchun FAW agreed to establish a joint venture to produce Audi cars.

We now know that it was the Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Social Democratic Party that actively encouraged sanctions against China at that time. In contrast, the Federal Government of Germany led by Cole tried to maintain the relations between the two countries in a difficult situation. Regarding the domestic situation in China, the basic judgment of the Federal German government is that "it is in China’s actual interests to continue reform and opening up, while the continued tough sanctions imposed on China by the outside world are not conducive to this development". Therefore, "the existing development assistance projects guaranteed by contracts should continue". A document issued by the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Germany on June 9, 1989 not only holds that the government should resist sanctions such as stopping development assistance and recalling its ambassador to China, but also points out that "we can only influence China if we maintain relations with it" and that "continuing to isolate China will destroy the international balance of power, which is not in our interest".

On August 15th, the document of the Foreign Ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany pointed out that the continued sanctions imposed by the Federal Republic of Germany and the West on China may bring China and the Soviet Union closer together politically and economically, thus changing the balance of international political power, which is unfavorable to the Federal Republic of Germany. The goal of the Federal Republic of Germany’s China policy is to prevent China from falling into international isolation and readjusting the policy of reform and opening up. Therefore, "the Federal Republic of Germany will resume high-level exchanges with China step by step".

In practice, the Federal German government not only rejected the Social Democratic Party’s request to temporarily close the Goethe Institute in Beijing (established in 1988) and stop scientific and technological cooperation with China, thus maintaining the cultural relations between the two countries, but also tried to maintain the cooperation projects between the two countries, including the Shanghai subway aided by the Federal Republic of Germany. In late May 1991, before the Bundestag officially lifted the sanctions against China, the unified German Foreign Ministry resumed political consultations with China. The State Secretary of the German Ministry of Economy and the Minister of Economy also visited China successively. During this period, most of the high-ranking German politicians who visited China came from the German government or members of the Union Party in the parliament (such as Hans Klein, deputy speaker of the Bundestag who visited China at the end of January 1992).

We now know that all measures aimed at maintaining China’s relations with the Federal Republic of Germany at that time and normalizing relations with China were "jointly carried out by the (Federal) German government and its Foreign Ministry". Cole, as the then prime minister of the government, undoubtedly played a key role in maintaining the relations between the two countries during the crisis in 1989, which eventually prompted the Bundestag to cancel the economic cooperation and export restrictions to China and provide development assistance to China again. At the end of October 1992, German Foreign Minister kinkel (1936-) visited China, which normalized Sino-German relations.

IV. Visit to China under the New Asia Policy Background

In October 1990, Germany was reunified. For reunified Germany, the Asia-Pacific region is an attractive but underinvested region. The temporary difficulties in German economy after reunification and the new situation in German diplomacy after reunification make it urgent for Germany to strengthen cooperation with China. It coincides with the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in October 1992, and the goal of economic reform is to establish a socialist market economic system. The 14th National Congress pointed out that whether China can accelerate its economic development is not only a major economic issue, but also a major political issue. In this case, China urgently needs investment from Germany and the resumption of Sino-German trade.

Compared with the United States, Germany’s economic and trade activities in the Asia-Pacific region are obviously insufficient. Winston Lord (1937-), then Assistant Secretary of State of the United States, once said: "No other region in the world is more important to the United States today than the Asia-Pacific." More than 20% of American foreign investment is in Asia. However, Germany’s investment in Asian countries is less than 5% of its total foreign investment.

In February and March of 1993, Cole visited India, Singapore, Indonesia, Japan and South Korea. This visit made him deeply shocked by the vigorous development of Asian economy. Immediately after his return to China, he said that Asian affairs were the "priority" for Germany. During the talks with cabinet ministers, Kohl put forward a plan for Germany’s new Asian policy, which was approved at the cabinet meeting at the end of September. This document points out that Germany needs a "more active Asian policy", which will "guarantee Germany’s future".

Cole believes that Asia will become the most important continent in the 21st century. Strengthening economic ties with the fastest growing regions in the world is the central point of Germany’s Asian policy. In foreign affairs and foreign economic activities, Germany gives priority to Asia and Asia-Pacific countries, but no country in Asia is experiencing rapid economic development like China. He regards China as a country with global significance, and strengthening economic and trade exchanges with China is one of the focuses of this new Asian policy.

Cole’s visit to China in November 1993 was launched under this background. This is also the first time that German top leaders have visited China since reunification. Cole not only talked with the new leadership of China, but also successfully signed an economic cooperation contract of $2.927 billion. Through this visit to China, the relationship between Germany and China has accelerated.

By the time he visited China for the last time as German Chancellor in November, 1995, Sino-German relations, especially bilateral economic and trade relations, had grown. According to statistics, in 1997, Sino-German trade volume reached US$ 12.67 billion, accounting for one third of China-EU trade at that time. In 1996, a total of 963 German enterprises invested in China, with investment agreements amounting to more than US$ 8 billion, distributed in 1,886 projects. By 1998, China had imported 2,951 technology contracts from Germany, amounting to US$ 14.46 billion, second only to China’s technology imports from the United States. By the turn of the century, Germany has become the European country with the largest technology transfer to China.

Fifth, the aftertaste of Cole’s China policy

As a CDU politician, Cole has always viewed the relationship between the two countries from the realistic perspective of international balance of power since his first visit to China.. He has long regarded China as an important force that Germany can rely on on on the world stage, believed in the important role of China’s reform and opening up to Germany and the world, and tried to promote the development of bilateral relations by developing economic and trade relations.Most of Cole’s many visits to China during his tenure as Prime Minister also focused on economic and trade themes. This became an important tradition of Germany’s China policy, which was inherited by the later German political leaders..

Judging from the tradition of German foreign policy, Kohl’s insistence on maintaining and developing contacts with Chinese high-level officials in the crisis of relations between China and (the Federal Republic of) Germany is actually the embodiment of Germany’s strategy of "promoting evolution through proximity" to countries in the Soviet Union and East Europe. Of course, the result of foreign policy is often more complicated than the designer of the policy thinks. The relationship between the two countries that emerged from the crisis has gradually developed and expanded in recent years. The deepening and further development of economic and trade exchanges between the two countries has promoted the further development and consolidation of bilateral relations in humanities, science and technology, society and especially important political and diplomatic fields. In 2014, the Sino-German Cooperation Action Program jointly issued by the Chinese and German governments pointed out that "Sino-German economic and trade relations are the core component of bilateral relations".

At present, Germany is China’s largest trading partner in the EU, and China has become Germany’s largest trading partner in the world (in 2016). On the basis of strengthening economic and trade exchanges, China and Germany have gradually established close interdependence. The exchanges between the two countries not only enabled the Federal Republic of Germany to "further enter the stage of world politics", but also provided a model for cooperation between countries with different systems.

Short play observation | Short play in distress at sea: Sad love and dumb fire, husband-in-law rushing to the street, the logic has all changed.

Source | Deep sound

Author | Zuyang

Overnight, the short play pressed the "double speed button".


On the other hand, the cost of short plays began to surge, and the homogenization of content became more and more serious. Less than a month after the explosion, the "same paragraph" was everywhere. Some entrants began to realize that,If you want to "win", you can’t "roll" in the Red Sea market-going overseas has become a new choice for many practitioners.

"From the end of this year to the beginning of next year, there will be big variables in the overseas short drama market." Leon said.

Three months ago, Leon was an advertising director in Australia. He shuttled around the studio every day and filmed all kinds of advertising blockbusters. After the wind of vertical screen short plays blew overseas, he also transformed into a "middleman" to connect domestic short play platforms with overseas contractors, so that "money" and "people" could be quickly matched. According to his memory, in the middle of this year, the vertical screen short play was really popular overseas, attracting a wave of loyal fans who paid for their emotions.

And this fire, it is China manufacturers "put".

In August 2022, Crazy Maple Studio, a subsidiary of Chinese Online,(Maple Leaf Interactive)ReelShort, a short drama platform, was launched overseas. After more than half a year on the line, it gradually opened the volume and ran through the business model. Since the beginning of this year, domestic online platforms have intensively launched vertical screen short drama apps overseas, including DramaBox of Dianzhong Technology, GoodShort of the new reading era, Flex TV of Anyue Network, 99TV of Kyushu Platform, and some game manufacturers are also in preparation.

Nowadays, ReelShort ranks all the way up in the best-selling list in Europe and America, and the story of getting rich with a monthly income of one million is staged overseas. Short plays are expected to become another emerging category after short videos and e-commerce, and "big variables" seem to be close at hand. However, it can’t be ignored that localization is a hurdle faced by all products going to sea. The differences in user preferences, production habits, and the scale of explosion are all reefs and storms in the process of short plays going to sea.


At present, the main overseas consumption areas of short plays are Europe, America, Australia and Southeast Asia. TikTok’s report "TikTok Short Play Marketing Strategy for Going to Sea" also mentioned that among the Top5 short plays, the United States is the first choice for short plays to go to sea, and Thailand is the most concentrated area in Southeast Asia.

The differentiation of the sea area corresponds to the logic of short play going to sea:Europe and the United States have high production costs, but strong ability to pay, and have a stronger willingness to pay for good content; Although the willingness to pay in Southeast Asia market is not as good as that in Europe and America, the production cost is lower and the cold start period can be quickly passed.
Marketing strategy of TikTok short play going to sea

For manufacturers with strength, content IP and not bad money, Europe, America and Australia with more traffic value will naturally be the first choice when going out to sea, and most of them are original short plays with local actors.

For example, ReelShort, which focuses on the North American market, has launched the interactive visual novel platform Chapters since 2017, covering 21 languages including English, German and Spanish, basically covering major countries and regions in the world. The experience of going out to sea with net text also helps the short play to avoid the situation of "unfamiliar places", on the one hand, it has a basic understanding of local users’ habits and preferences; On the other hand, the content of short plays is basically adapted from the local verified web IP, which reduces the cost of trial and error.

ReelShort has been launched for more than a year now, and there are more than 15 European and American short plays on the platform. The theme types include love after marriage, sweet revenge and dating with the boss. At present, we are also trying new themes such as revenge, sadism and gangs. According to the download volume, ReelShort has reached the top position in the vertical screen short play market, with over 5 million downloads in Google Play Store and eighth place in the "highest sales" list of "entertainment" applications.
ReelShort hit short play

GoodShort’s route to the sea is similar to ReelShort’s. North America is the main offensive market, and the publisher’s new reading era is also the head enterprise of online text going to sea. It has launched many novel apps such as GoodNovel, GoodFM, BueNovela and MegaNovel overseas. In June 2023, GoodShort, a short drama platform with vertical screen, was launched in the new reading era. According to its introduction in the play store, the theme of GoodShort covers modern romance, urban romance, youth romance, billionaire, president and so on.

Although the online time is later than ReelShort, there is a gap between the download volume and the ranking of the list. However, GoodShort has made great strides in the three months since its launch, and has launched six local original dramas, all of which are produced at high cost. "GoodShort’s style is obvious, all in directly, regardless of the previous water test." Leon revealed.

DramaBox, a short drama platform under Dianzhong Technology, is a dark horse at present. It entered the market in April this year and focused on taking the quality route. Leon estimated that the input cost of the original short plays launched in the station was $150,000.
GoodShort hit short play

Users in Southeast Asia, China, Hong Kong and Taiwan have similar preferences to those in China, and creators can directly copy domestic production habits or finished products.Therefore, some China manufacturers regard these two regions as the main markets for going to sea, and make localized productions or directly launch translated dramas, among which the cost of translated dramas is lower than that of original ones.

Similar to ReelShort’s sailing time, Flex TV is also an early short drama platform. The manufacturer Anyue Wangyue went to overseas markets with entertainment apps and tool apps since 2018. In October last year, Flex TV, a short drama platform, was launched, focusing on Southeast Asia, and Thailand was the main force market. From its launch to now, the popular short plays on Flex TV include "The New Giants’ Grudges", "The boss behind the scenes is my husband" and "The Supreme Military God", etc., and their themes and styles are similar to those of domestic short plays.

More than a year after its launch, Flex TV has gradually made a sound volume in Thailand, and its ranking has basically remained at the Top 10 of Google Play Thailand’s entertainment classification. It is also attacking Europe, America and Australia, updating original short plays starring European and American faces, and further gaining higher-value paid traffic.
Flex TV hit short play

Different from the above-mentioned short drama platforms with rich online background, 99TV, which mainly focuses on the Taiwan, China market, is the head distribution platform Kyushu Culture, which has emerged in recent two years through short dramas with small programs. It is not difficult to see that Kyushu Culture’s idea of going to sea is closely based on domestic production logic and resources.

When you turn on 99TV, there are hundreds of short plays in the platform, most of which are short plays on the mainland. The subtitles are changed into traditional versions, and the theme and story logic are the same as those of the short plays of small programs that have exploded before.

Wang Jiacheng, the founder of Kyushu culture, once revealed the strategy of going to sea in the future in an interview. One is that Chinese dramas are equipped with foreign language subtitles, and subtitles are automatically generated for micro-short dramas with the help of self-created AIGC system, and mass production is carried out; The second is the overseas localization of China’s story, and the combination of domestic scripts and overseas scenes and actors creates short plays that meet the needs of overseas users.

In fact, judging from the current overseas short drama entrants, most of them have experience in online writing, or they are doing short dramas themselves, and it is relatively easy to get started.

On the one hand,There are abundant IP’s that can be adapted, and there is a rich library of online copyright, so the advantages of negotiating with online authors are obvious and the copyright cost is low.On the other hand,The traffic and experience accumulated by the net can also be applied to short plays, and it is the first to accumulate a batch of original powder."If you have your own reader base, even if it is not hot, at least there is some normal traffic." Leon said.


However, short plays and online texts are two different tracks after all, and domestic popular short plays may not adapt to foreign countries. If we just copy the experience, short plays will also be acclimatized when they go out to sea. An example that has been verified in Europe and America is that,In China, the street-saving rate of male frequent husbands is 100%.

Leon company has a special overseas movie-watching team. According to the survey, the theme of the son-in-law in Europe and America is basically "doing one thing and saving one thing". Including the husband-in-law, most men’s frequent and cool writing doesn’t seem to work in Europe and America.

"What is the popular male frequency in Europe and America? House of Cards, which talks about conspiracy theories, The Lord of the Rings, who talks about power transfer, and Star Wars, a sci-fi masterpiece, all set the standards and tastes of local male audiences very, very high. Subdivided into male frequency types,The local people don’t know the identity of the son-in-law, and when they watch it, they will wonder why the mother-in-law doesn’t respect him. Why does he keep getting beaten?Including the theme of costume crossing and urban fantasy, if the historical and cultural background is different, there is no way to start. "Leon said.

This also gave most entrants a wake-up call: before doing overseas short plays,It is more important to know who the short play is for than how to do it.

In China, the basic people who watch small programs and short plays are middle-aged and elderly people who are sinking in the market, have money and leisure, and have a low education level. In short plays, the hero’s cool feeling of opening his golden finger has attracted countless middle-aged and elderly people to pay the bill.

But the audience of overseas short plays is not like this. Taking Europe and America as an example, Leon said that there is no "sinking market" in Europe and America, and the middle class is the mainstream consumer group in Europe and America.The people who watch short plays are mostly middle class, and more subdivided, they are Baoma people aged between 25 and 45. Their time is "cut" by trivial things such as doing housework, sending children, socializing with others, and the high-energy, reverse and exciting one-minute vertical screen short play just meets their needs for fragmented viewing.

Different audiences, local conditions and customs also determine what kind of themes can be popular and what kind of themes are likely to fall on the street.

Female short plays with love as the main line are universal in all regions. Specifically, in terms of regions, the male protagonists in Europe and America are mostly CEO, heiress, powerful Alpha, werewolf and vampire, and the female protagonists are mostly independent and self-reliant women, because the female audience in Europe and America prefer this set, but the complex with crying and sadism should be deleted. The popular themes in Southeast Asia are mostly dramas such as bitter love abuse and mother-in-law wars, while South America such as Brazil prefers gangs.
Overseas vertical screen short drama shooting scene, source interviewee

When it comes to "how to make short plays", whether domestic creators go out to sea to create or invite overseas local teams to produce them, they also need to adapt to their creative habits one by one.

In Leon’s view,Overseas short plays are a circle society, and high-quality resources and contacts are more scarce than funds.At present, short plays are still a new species overseas, and the number of crews and talent resources specialized in short plays are too limited. China manufacturers go out to sea to find local teams to produce short plays, and if they don’t have familiar relationships and resources, they will easily step on the pit.

"There is a special film and television base like Hengdian in China. You have to make a drama and set up a sign in Hengdian. Wow, a bunch of people come over, but if you are overseas, if no one helps you introduce you, you will basically be unable to move."

Because of this, the cooperation between most short drama platforms and high-quality contractors is not a "one-time relationship". In order to pursue long-term stability in quantity and quality, the platform will give an extra part of dividends to deeply bind and cooperate exclusively with the contracting team. For example, the ReelShort platform, Leon said that the external contractors of its cooperation will also receive additional share rewards.

At the same time, it is also because the number of overseas short plays and talent resources are limited.The production speed of most platforms can’t keep up with the audience’s demand, which has become the biggest pain point of the current short play going out to sea.

In China, the creation of short plays with small programs has been completely streamlined and accelerated-there are a set of fixed formulas for how to write the script, how to shoot the lens, how to cut it later, and when BGM appears. Under the logic of assembly line production, shooting in one week and online in January have greatly improved the new speed of short plays. Yan Min, the founder of short play, once estimated that the short play platform with small program in the head can produce 30 to 40 plays a month.

However, observing ReelShort, GoodShort and other short drama platforms that have made a little noise in Europe and America, the ideal period from project establishment to launch is one and a half months. Due to the shortage of internal human resources, the number of new ones is basically around two per month.

"All incoming platforms are grabbing cakes. It must be that the faster the new platform is launched, the more viewers will be, and you can eat cakes. Now the problem is that all platforms are not adapted to the overseas creative rhythm, and there is a contradiction between the demand of manufacturers to enter the market quickly and the specific landing period of the project. If the short play wants to continue to develop, this contradiction must be solved."
Overseas vertical screen short drama shooting scene, source interviewee


After the short play is finished, you can go online to make money. Domestic short programs and short plays earn a lot of money by streaming short videos-guiding users to jump to pay for them, weaving a "rich dream" for more outsiders, but overseas, can the "rich dream" be copied?

We might as well calculate an account first. The cost input categories of overseas short plays and domestic short plays are basically the same: production cost+investment cost.

From the perspective of production cost, taking Europe, America and Australia, which have high flow value and high production cost, as an example, the industry standard for shooting a regular short drama without special effects and big scenes is about 150 thousand to 200 thousand dollars(Modern themes, one and a half minutes per episode, a total of about 60 episodes). Looking at China again, producer and producer Wang Yunxiao once revealed that the production of short plays with small programs is becoming more and more "rolled up". Compared with the previous tens of thousands of plays, the cost has now increased to 300,000 or even 500,000 RMB. But by analogy,At present, the investment in the production of short plays in Europe and America, which is still in its infancy, has been three times that in China.

And half of the high production investment is spent on scarce manpower.

"Look at these overseas short drama platforms, there are few big scenes, and at most there are less than 10 people, because manpower is too expensive, which is too different from the domestic concept." Human resources are scarce and expensive, and the Hollywood strike, which lasted for more than 140 days, has also had a certain impact on the production of short plays.

Let’s look at the cost of streaming. In China, streaming is a big part of the cost. The streaming party clips the short drama into pieces and puts them on short video platforms such as Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker. Users can jump to the applet by clicking the link in the comment area. Overseas short plays are also streamed in similar ways, such as YouTube, TikTok, Facebook, Insgram and X.(Twitter)Mainstream social platforms are the main delivery channels. Leon said,Overseas investment is not as exaggerated as domestic investment, and more attention is paid to "quality" than quantity.

According to the vast amount of big data, in the past 90 days, the best-performing material in GoodShort Station is the short play BILLIONAIRE CEO’S OBSESSION.(Billions of presidents are addicted)The three-minute slice of ",and this drama is also the hottest short drama on the platform, with a total of 88 episodes updated. The beginning of the sliced material is a hot one-night stand between the man and the woman, and the ambiguous atmosphere editing directly fills the desire to "read the complete works".
Marketing strategy of TikTok short play going to sea

In terms of commercialization returns, overseas short drama platforms also have two payment paths: user payment and advertising revenue.

There are two kinds of user fees,One is the single episode unlocking. After the user swipes it on the short video platform or social platform, after watching the first ten episodes or the first 20 episodes for free, he jumps to the short drama App. After that, the user needs to buy coins and unlock one episode.For example, ReelShort, FlexTV and GoodShort all adopt the mode of single episode payment. In ReelShort, you can probably watch about 60 episodes with a coin of $15.99, which adds up to about one yuan for one episode, and the unit price is similar to that of domestic short programs.

There is another one.The general subscription system of long video platform allows users to recharge a certain fee to become quarterly members and annual members and watch short plays in the platform at will.In addition to the payment system, GoodShort also tried the subscription system, ranging from $99.99 to $399.99.

Advertising revenue comes from advertising in the platform. In ReelShort, users can not only spend money to buy coins to unlock, but also watch advertisements for free. However, the maximum number of episodes unlocked by advertisements is 20 per day. In other words, if users can bear to watch advertisements, they can also read the complete works for free.

In addition, after overseas short plays gradually took off, they also began to attract some advertisers to implant in contact with drama series. According to Leon, to his surprise,Among the advertisers who come into contact with short plays, there are few consumer goods, mostly real estate, banks, hotels, car rental and other relatively "heavy" industries, which is completely contrary to the category and logic implanted in domestic drama series.

High cost has brought high returns, and the short drama market has also run out of the top. According to big data, ReelShort’s revenue in the App Store and Google Play in July 2023 has exceeded $1.2 million; By September of this year, ReelShort’s Google Play revenue had increased by about 40%, steadily entering the top ten of the list, surpassing WeTV and iQIYI.

The return is indeed high, but for those who want to "make a big fight with a small fight", it is difficult to tell such an attractive story overseas.
The revenue of mobile application in the sea is Top20, and the source is vast.

At present, the domestic vertical screen short play market is becoming more and more involved, and more and more people are starting to look for new opportunities overseas. However, before starting the layout, we also need to be careful, whether the content creation level, risk-taking ability and overseas audience preferences can be used to it, and whether the logic of creating vertical screen short plays by domestic investment will be accepted by overseas audiences.

"Overseas short plays are the blue ocean of the market, but the content is the red sea. It is more important to let local audiences always pay the bill with innovative content, rather than simply engaging in business model arbitrage." Leon said.

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Review of Highlights of Director Villeneuve’s China Tour in Dune 2.


1905 movie network news Hollywood sci-fi movies based on Frank Herbert’s famous sci-fi novels are being released in major theaters all over the country. At present, the box office in the mainland has broken 243 million and is gradually rising. The global box office is close to 400 million US dollars. Since its release, word-of-mouth and topics have been "bombed" constantly, and the popularity of the whole network has continued to soar. Today, the official release of the special feature of the China trip by the director and his wife and producer, the magnificent trip to the Forbidden City, the enthusiastic post-screening exchange, and the continuous conversations with mainland coffee makers all showed the wonderful trip of director denis villeneuve in China and left precious memories for all China fans and friends.

The movie Dune 2 is directed by "the new godfather of science fiction movies" denis villeneuve (), starring,,,,,,,, Florence Pew, etc., and is being shown. Don’t miss the strongest immersion trip in the cinema.


The works of the first Hollywood director who came to China after being released were deeply influenced by China culture.


On the occasion of Dune 2 being shown in national cinemas, denis villeneuve, the director of Dune 2, the new godfather of science fiction movies in China, and Tanya Laponte, the producer of Dune 2, came to China for a series of special activities. This made denis villeneuve the first Hollywood director to come to China to participate in the meeting activities and thank his fans and friends after the film was released, and his sincerity was extraordinary. This trip to China was warmly welcomed by all the friends who like Dune 2 and director Villeneuve.


During his trip to China, director Villeneuve said that he had visited China 34 years ago while filming a documentary for Canadian television, and stayed in Sichuan and Chongqing for a month. At that time, he was shocked and attracted by China culture. There are obvious China elements in director Villeneuve’s works, such as Coming, Blade Runner 2049, Dune, and Dune 2, which is currently being shown in mainland cinemas. Therefore, it is of great significance for the director to return to China this time. The director and his wife’s trip to China was very fruitful: they visited the magnificent Forbidden City; Ate the "China Famous Food" candied haws; I tried Chinese wolfberry and jujube tea. I saw China’s "worm" frozen bamboo shoots, snowballing and dried worms; China’s "Spice" was warmly presented by fans and friends, and there was also a banner with China characteristics praising the director’s "Cow Wow Cow Wow". Wave after wave of surprises has also made netizens all over the network relish.


It is of great significance for Villeneuve to talk to the cinema of Dune 2, a big coffee from all walks of life in the Mainland.


In this special issue of China, director Villeneuve had in-depth talks with "the representative of China science fiction films", the director and producer of mainland high-box-office films, and cultural celebrities. Director Villeneuve said that he would be honored if he could visit the shooting scene of director Frant Gwo later, and the atmosphere of exchanging signed posters between them was warm. In the dialogue with director Chen Sicheng, director Chen Sicheng praised director Villeneuve, saying that "a good artist is not creating, but awakening something". This view made director Villeneuve deeply agree with him and said that he was very happy to be recognized. Finally, I received a gift carefully prepared by Director Chen Sicheng for Director Villeneuve and his wife. The visual impact and humanistic thinking in Dune 2 also deeply shocked Xu Zhiyuan, a cultural celebrity, and they had an unprecedented in-depth dialogue.


Director Villeneuve heard in this trip to China that not all cities in the mainland have enough special format halls for everyone to watch Dune 2, so he sincerely and intimately said that every format version was carefully supervised by him. So as long as you watch Dune 2 in the cinema, no matter what kind of screen and audio-visual hardware, you can feel different charms. As long as you watch Dune 2 in the cinema, you can feel how impressive and memorable a work that is really made for movies can be. At present, many movie fans in the mainland have watched it many times, both in special formats and ordinary movie theaters. Everyone wants to experience this unprecedented "cinema movie" when it is shown in major theaters.


The Hollywood sci-fi movie Dune 2 is being shown in cinemas all over the country, and the annual screen must be seen!


Promoting statistical work in the new era and realizing high-quality development

Promoting statistical work in the new era and realizing high-quality development

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Interpretation of the revised statistical law

Our reporter Zhu ningning

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On September 13th, the 11th meeting of the 14th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) passed the Decision of the NPC Standing Committee on Amending the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China. The revised Statistics Law added 3 new articles and revised 21 articles.

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Statistics fromSince it was formulated in 1983, it has played a very important role in standardizing the orderly development of statistical work, ensuring the quality of statistical data and promoting the reform and construction of statistical system. However, statistical fraud, fraud, imperfect statistical supervision system, insufficient supervision effectiveness and other issues are more prominent, and it is urgent to revise the statistical law and strengthen the top-level design.

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"The revision of the statistical law is a revision rather than a revision. On the basis of keeping the current statistical law system framework basically unchanged, it focuses on statistical supervision, prevention and punishment of statistical fraud, and statistical information sharing, and has supplemented, revised and improved the statistical law." Shi Hong, director of the Social Law Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee, said.

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According to reports, the revision of the statistical law adheres to the problem orientation, enriches the basic statistical functions such as statistical supervision, supplements and improves the basic statistical systems such as statistical investigation, national economic accounting, statistical data management and publication, and strengthens the legal responsibility for illegal acts such as statistical fraud. Filling in the shortcomings and weaknesses of the legal system will provide a solid guarantee for the rule of law to fundamentally solve some deep-seated contradictions and problems that have long plagued statistical work and promote the high-quality development of statistical work.

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Strengthening statistical supervision is one of the main contents of this revision. The revised statistics law is clear in the legislative purpose."Strengthen statistical supervision". At the same time, it is stipulated that the state should build a statistical supervision system with complete system, high efficiency, strong constraints and reliable authority; Statistical institutions shall, according to the statistical investigation system and approved plans, conduct statistical supervision on the implementation of major national economic and social policies and measures and the performance of statistical statutory duties in all regions and departments.

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In terms of strengthening the responsibility of preventing and punishing statistical fraud, the revised statistics law stipulates that the heads of local people’s governments at all levels, statistical agencies of people’s governments at or above the county level, relevant departments and units shall not express or imply that subordinate units and their personnel or statistical investigation objects fill in false statistical data, and increase corresponding legal responsibilities; It is stipulated that local people’s governments at all levels, statistical agencies of people’s governments at or above the county level and relevant departments shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, include the prevention and punishment of statistical fraud and fraud in the scope of responsibilities for administration and performance of duties according to law, establish and improve relevant responsibility systems, strengthen the assessment and management of leading cadres’ statistical work, and investigate legal responsibilities for statistical fraud and fraud according to law; It is stipulated that the state shall implement a unified national economic accounting system, and the National Bureau of Statistics shall organize and implement the regional GDP accounting work in a unified way; Increase legal responsibility for the behavior of the responsible person who neglects the serious inaccuracy of statistical data; And increase the provisions of the bottom, throughThe way of "enumerating and covering the bottom" ensures that all kinds of statistical fraud and fraud are fully investigated for legal responsibility.

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In addition, the revised statistics law has also improved the provisions of legal liability, including: connecting with the reform of supervision system, civil service law, administrative punishment law of public officials, administrative reconsideration law, law on guarding state secrets, data security law, personal information protection law, etc., and modifying the relevant expressions; Strengthen the investigation of legal responsibility for statistical fraud and fraud; Increase the amount of fines for enterprises, institutions or other organizations that refuse to provide statistical data and other illegal acts; Increase civil liability, and those who violate the provisions of this law and cause personal injury or property loss shall bear civil liability according to law.

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"This revision of the statistical law focuses on strengthening the party’s leadership, strengthening statistical supervision, improving statistical science, preventing and punishing statistical fraud, etc. to promote the high-quality development of statistical work, and make more targeted and operational regulations, with prominent points and more highlights." Mao Shengyong, member of the party group and deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said.

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Mao Shengyong said that in general, it is mainly reflected in the following aspects: increasing relevant regulations on statistical supervision and promoting statistical supervision to play a more effective role in the party and state supervision system; Reflect the requirements of the new development concept and strive to improve the statistical service ability; Consolidate the reform achievements such as unified accounting of regional GDP around the macro-decision of quality service; TwistThe "responsibility system" is a bull’s nose, adding provisions to further prevent statistical fraud; Strengthen the sharing of statistical information among departments, and improve the utilization efficiency of statistical data and the overall efficiency of government statistics.


  Relevant policy documents: Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China

Notice of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Approving the Opinions of the Municipal Planning Commission, the Municipal Economic Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxat

Jing Zheng Fa [1992] No.20

The people’s governments of all districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices:

    The municipal government agrees with the Opinions of the Municipal Planning Commission, the Municipal Economic Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxation Bureau, and the Municipal Statistics Bureau on reforming the evaluation and assessment indicators of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits, which are hereby forwarded to you.

    Reforming the evaluation index of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits are supporting measures to promote the focus of economic work to adjust the structure and improve the efficiency track, and are important steps to realize the transition to the new national economic accounting system. This major reform involves a wide range, heavy workload and difficult operation. The people’s governments of all districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices should strengthen organizational leadership and give necessary support to the work of the statistical departments in terms of manpower, material resources and financial resources. All relevant departments should support each other and cooperate closely to ensure the successful completion of this work.

                                 March 31, 1992    

On the reform of industrial economic evaluation and assessment indicators

Opinions on establishing an assessment system for industrial economic benefits

Municipal government:

    In order to implement the spirit of the State Council’s notice (Guo Fa [1992] No.10) on improving the report of industrial production evaluation and assessment indicators, which was approved by the State Planning Commission, the State Council Production Office and National Bureau of Statistics, we have widely listened to the opinions of relevant departments and put forward our opinions on reforming the evaluation and assessment indicators of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits on the basis of some pilot enterprises. The report is as follows:

    I. Main contents of the reform

    1, the establishment of "industrial added value" and "industrial sales output value" monthly statistical system.

    (1) In order to reflect the final results of industrial production and operation more scientifically and comprehensively, and overcome the defects of double counting of total industrial output value, the future industrial development speed will be evaluated mainly with the index of "industrial added value". The industrial added value is calculated on the basis of the current industrial net output value index. In order to reflect the development speed of industrial added value, it is proposed to adopt the price ratio coefficient of the same period constant price industrial total output value and the current price industrial total output value, and adjust the current industrial added value to the calculation speed of industrial added value calculated at comparable prices.

    (2) In order to fully reflect the scale, speed and the connection between production and marketing of realized products in industrial production, the index of "industrial sales output value" is added to the current monthly report of "Total Industrial Output Value and Output of Main Products". The industrial sales output value is calculated at both current price and constant price, and the "industrial product sales rate" is calculated by comparing the current industrial sales output value with the current industrial output value, and the industrial sales development speed is calculated by using the constant price sales output value.

    In the future, the total industrial output value index will no longer be used as the main index to evaluate the industrial scale and development speed, but only as the general statistical and analytical index.

    2, the establishment of industrial economic benefit assessment system.

    (1) Assessment content: In order to comprehensively reflect the industrial economic benefits from the comparative relationship between input and output of various production factors, according to the national assessment index system, the six indicators for assessing the industrial economic benefits in our city are:

    ① Sales rate of industrial products

    ② Profit and tax rate of industrial capital

    ③ Profit rate of industrial cost

    ④ Net industrial output rate

    ⑤ Labor productivity of all industrial employees (calculated by net industrial output value)

    ⑥ Turnover times of all working capital

    (See Annex I for the calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators)

    (2) Assessment method: The comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits is calculated according to the six assessment indicators with reference to the unified national method, so as to evaluate and assess the economic benefits of all districts and counties, industrial bureaus (head offices) and industrial enterprises. The higher the index value, the better the economic benefit.

    (See Annex II for the calculation method of comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits)

    (3) Assessment method: monthly assessment and quarterly internal notification system shall be implemented for all districts and counties and industrial bureaus (head offices). The Municipal Bureau of Statistics reflects the industrial economic benefits of each district, county and industrial bureau (head office) in the form of statistical data on a monthly basis; Be informed internally by the municipal leaders on a quarterly basis.

    3. Establish a monthly statistical system for major economic indicators of independent accounting industrial enterprises at and above the township level.

    In order to comprehensively reflect, analyze and evaluate industrial economic benefits on a monthly basis, and meet the needs of calculating assessment indicators and industrial added value, 48 major economic indicators, such as sales revenue, sales cost, sales tax, total profit, profits and taxes paid, retained profits of enterprises, net fixed assets, occupation of working capital, three funds (finished goods funds, goods issued and prepaid payment receivable) and net industrial output value, have been set up, which are reported by all independent accounting industrial enterprises at the township level and above in the city on a monthly basis. (See Annex III for the main economic indicators)

    4. Establish a monthly statistical system for the production, sales and storage of major industrial products of industrial enterprises at or above the county level.

    In order to reflect the adaptation of industrial products to social needs from the aspects of production, sales and inventory, and provide a basis for adjusting industrial structure, limiting production and reducing storage, the production, sales and inventory of 177 major industrial products (see Annex 4 for the catalogue) are monitored on a monthly basis for industrial enterprises at or above the county level.

    Second, organize the implementation of work division and steps

    1, according to the requirements of the reform of industrial economic evaluation index, the relevant departments should clear responsibilities, close cooperation, step by step implementation.

    The Municipal Bureau of Statistics is responsible for formulating and improving the corresponding statistical report system, and training the relevant personnel of the statistical departments of all districts and counties (head offices), and starting from the submission of the first quarter data in April.

    The Municipal Planning Commission shall, on the basis of establishing and improving the relevant statistical system, study and put forward the corresponding reform plan index system during the year, and strive to implement it gradually from the preparation of the 1993 plan.

    The Municipal Economic Commission should take the reformed industrial economic evaluation and assessment indicators as an important basis to guide the dispatching of industrial production, and apply the reformed evaluation and assessment indicators to the methods of improving enterprise contract, transforming operating mechanism and linking work efficiency.

    The Municipal Finance Bureau should actively support the statistics department and improve the accounting statement system accordingly. In order to ensure the reporting time stipulated by the state and the municipal government, the financial settlement time of industrial enterprises with independent accounting in cities, districts, counties and towns will be advanced to 25 days in advance every month. The calculation period of monthly tax payable of enterprises also changes accordingly (that is, from 26th of last month to 25th of this month). The time limit for tax declaration and tax storage shall remain unchanged according to the current tax law. The financial departments at all levels should provide relevant financial information to the comprehensive statistical department at the same level in a timely manner according to the prescribed time and requirements, and establish the necessary data submission system. The specific implementation measures for improving the accounting system and providing financial information shall be formulated by the Municipal Finance Bureau in conjunction with the Municipal Bureau of Statistics.

    Departments of taxation, banking, foreign trade, industry and commerce administration, and labor should also provide relevant financial and business information to the statistics department in a timely manner. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics shall, jointly with the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxation Bureau, the Municipal Agricultural Office, the Municipal Urban Production and Service Cooperatives, and the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission, study and establish a sound accounting basic work and accounting report system for township offices, streets, foreign-invested and other non-budgetary industrial enterprises.

    2, all enterprises should strengthen the basic work of statistics, accounting, business accounting, establish and improve all kinds of original records and statistical accounts, to meet the requirements of industrial economic evaluation and assessment index reform. Leaders of enterprises should pay full attention to this work, organize statistics, sales, finance and other relevant departments to formulate measures, establish a data provision system, clarify responsibilities, and link them with the responsibility system, implement rewards and punishments, and effectively ensure that statisticians report statistical reports in a timely manner in strict accordance with the prescribed report format, index meaning, calculation method, classification catalogue and submission time. We should find ways to solve the difficulties encountered by statisticians in their work.

    3. After the reform of industrial economic evaluation and assessment, the workload of statistical departments at all levels has increased greatly. The people’s governments of districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices should increase the necessary manpower for the statistical departments, equipped with special microcomputers and remote networking transmission equipment; According to the principle of grading burden, the finance at the same level gives the statistics department the necessary special funds every year to ensure the development of the work.

    4, all units should persist in seeking truth from facts, truthfully reflect the situation, leaders at all levels should take the lead in conscientiously implementing the "Statistics Law", to ensure that statisticians perform their duties according to law, and no unit or individual shall interfere with the truthful reporting of statistical data.

    If there is nothing wrong with the above report, please forward it to all units for implementation.

Appendix 1: Meaning and calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators.

Annex II: Calculation Method of Comprehensive Index of Industrial Economic Benefits

Annex III: Catalogue of Main Economic Indicators

Appendix 4: Sales and Inventory Catalogue of Major Industrial Products

                                   City planning commission        

                                   Municipal Economic Commission        

                                     Municipal Finance Bureau        

                                     Municipal tax bureau        

                                     Municipal statistics bureau        

                                     March 1992    

Annex I:

The meaning and calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indexes

    1. Sales rate of industrial products: mainly reflects the degree to which industrial products meet social needs. The calculation formula is:

     Sales rate of industrial products (%) = industrial sales output value (calculated at current price) ÷ total industrial output value (calculated at current price) × 100%

    2. Profit and tax rate of industrial capital: it mainly reflects the degree of benefits realized by all capital investment of the industry. The calculation formula is:

     Profit and tax rate of industrial capital (%) = (total realized profits and taxes ÷ total capital) × (12 cumulative months )× 100%.

    (Note: 1. The total realized profit and tax refers to the sum of product sales tax, education surcharge, resource tax and total profit.

    2. All funds refer to the sum of the average balance of net fixed assets and the average balance of all working capital)

    3. Profit rate of industrial cost: It mainly reflects the economic benefits of industrial cost reduction. The calculation formula is:

    Industrial cost profit rate (%) = total realized profit ÷ product sales factory cost × 100%

    4. Net industrial output rate: mainly reflecting the economic benefits of reducing materialized labor consumption by industry. The calculation formula is:

    Net industrial output rate (%) = net industrial output value (calculated at current price) ÷ total industrial output value (calculated at current price) × 100%

    5. Labor productivity of all industrial employees: it mainly reflects the newly created production achievements of each employee in an industrial enterprise in a certain period of time, and explains the economic benefits of living labor. The calculation formula is:

    Industrial total labor productivity (yuan/person) = industrial net output value (calculated at current prices) ÷ average number of all employees.

    6. Turnover times of total working capital: it mainly reflects the turnover situation of working capital of industrial enterprises, so as to show the economic benefits of working capital utilization. The calculation formula is:

    Total liquidity turnover times (times) = (product sales revenue ÷ average balance of total liquidity) ×(12÷ cumulative months)

Annex II:

Calculation method of comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit

    1, the city’s industrial economic benefit comprehensive index is calculated in accordance with the unified national regulations. The calculation formula is:

    Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the national standard value of the indicator × the weight) ÷ the total weight.

    2, all districts and counties, the industrial bureau (head office) industrial economic benefit comprehensive index calculation formula is:

    Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the standard value of the indicator in the whole city × the weight) ÷ the total weight.

    In order to make the evaluation results more realistic, each industrial bureau (head office) will calculate a comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits based on the national standard value of the same industry, and carry out evaluation and assessment. The calculation formula is:

    Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the national standard value of the indicator in the same industry × weight) ÷ the total weight.

    (Note: the national standard value, the city standard value and the national standard value of the same industry are the average levels during the Seventh Five-Year Plan period respectively)

    3. The weights of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators are as follows:

        Index name weight

    (1) Sales rate of industrial products 15

    (2) Industrial capital profit and tax rate 30

    (3) Industrial cost profit rate 15

    (4) The rate of industrial net output value is 10.

    (5) Industrial total labor productivity 10

    (6) Total liquidity turnover times 20

        Total 100

Annex III:

Catalogue of main economic indicators

    1. Product sales revenue

    2. Among them: sales revenue of new products.

    3. Among them: product sales tax.

    4, product sales factory cost

    5. Product sales and other expenses

    6. Among them: education surcharge.

    7. Resource tax

    8. Total profit (loss is indicated by "-")

    9. Taxes and fees payable

    10, the enterprise profit.

    11. Paid taxes and fees

    12. Average balance of net fixed assets

    13. Depreciation expense

    14, the extraction of major repair fund

    15. Total sources of working capital

    16. Among them: national circulating fund.

    17, enterprise liquidity fund

    18. Payables and advance receipts

    19. Total borrowed funds

    20. Among them: working capital loan.

    21, the total liquidity at the end of the occupation

    22. Fixed amount of liquidity occupied at the end of the period

    23. Among them: reserve funds.

    24, production funds

    25, finished product funds

    26. Send out goods

    27. Receivables and prepayments

    28. Total wages of all employees

    29. Gross industrial output value (constant price in 1990)

    30. Gross industrial output value (current price)

    31. Among them: output value of new products.

    32. Net industrial output value (current price)

    33. Earned product sales profit and payable product sales tax.

    34. Among them: sales tax payable for products.

    35. Salary

    36, employee welfare fund

    37. Interest expense

    38. Others

    39. Among them: expenses paid to intangible production departments.

    40. Expenses paid to individuals

    41, technology development funds raised

    42. Among them: self-raised by the enterprise.

    43, the total expenditure of technology development funds

    44. Number of technology development institutions

    45. Number of technical development projects

    46. Number of technical developers

    47. Average number of all employees

    48. Number of new product varieties

Annex IV:

Catalogue of sales and inventory of major industrial products

    1. Steel

    2. Pig iron

    3. Steel (finished steel)

    4. Among them: ordinary medium-sized steel.

    5, ordinary small steel

    6, high quality steel profiles

    7. Wire rod

    8, medium thick steel plate

    9, thin steel plate

    10, silicon (silicon) steel sheet

    11. Steel Strip

    12, seamless steel pipe

    13, welding steel pipe

    14. Iron ore (raw ore)

    15. Iron concentrate powder

    16. Ferroalloy (electric furnace)

    17. Coke

    18, ten kinds of non-ferrous metals

    19. Among them: copper (electrolytic copper)

    20.aluminum

    21. Lead

    22, copper

    23, aluminum

    24. Gold

    25, raw coal

    26, clean coal washing

    27, crude oil processing capacity

    28. Total amount of steam, coal and firewood.

    29. Among them: gasoline.

    30, kerosene

    31. Diesel oil

    32. Lubricating oil

    33. Fuel oil (heavy oil)

    34, liquefied petroleum gas (volume)

    35, synthetic fiber polymer

    36, chemical fiber monomer

    37. Sulfuric acid (equivalent to 100%)

    38. Concentrated nitric acid (equivalent to 100%)

    39, caustic soda (100%)

    40, soda ash

    41. Synthetic ammonia (physical quantity)

    42. Fertilizer (100% conversion of effective ingredients)

    43. Among them: nitrogen fertilizer

    44, phosphate fertilizer

    45, potash fertilizer

    46, calcium carbide (equivalent)

    47. Refined methanol

    48. Ethylene

    49. Pure benzene

    50, synthetic rubber

    51. Dyes

    52. Paint

    53 plastic

    54. Among them: PVC.

    55, tire (tire)

    56. Chemical medicine (original medicine)

    57. Total amount of Chinese patent medicines

    58. Total value of medical devices

    59. Elevator

    60, power generation equipment (more than 500 kilowatts)

    61. Locomotive (diesel locomotive)

    62. Truck

    63. Industrial boilers

    64. AC motor

    65, transformer

    66, metal cutting machine tools

    67. Among them: CNC machine tools.

    68, high precision machine tools

    69, large machine tools

    70. Printing machine

    71. Cars

    72. Among them: truck.

    73 and 130 trucks

    74 and 121 trucks

    75. Off-road vehicles

    76, motorcycle

    77. refitting cars

    78. Among them: special modified car.

    79, station wagon

    80. Internal combustion engine (commodity volume) (10,000 kilowatts/10,000 horsepower)

    81, in which: diesel engine (10,000 horsepower)

    82, gasoline engine (ten thousand horsepower)

    83, auto parts

    84. Combine harvester

    85, small tractors (below 20 horsepower)

    86. Electronic computers

    87. Microcomputer

    88, pocket electronic calculator

    89. Film projector

    90. TV

    91. Among them: color TV sets.

    92. Radio

    93. tape recorder

    94. Among them: Dual-card recorder.

    95. Video recorder

    96.camera

    97, picture tube

    98. Semiconductor devices (commodity volume)

    99, radio components (quantity)

    100, cement

    101, flat glass (weight box/square meter)

    102, brick

    103, sanitary ceramics

    104, wood-based panels

    105, sawn timber

    106, coarse sand

    107, market furniture

    108, cement equipment

    109, chemical fiber

    110. Among them: synthetic fibers.

    111 yarn

    112.cloth

    113. Among them: pure cotton cloth.

    114, pure chemical fiber cloth

    115, polyester blended fabric

    116, printing and dyeing cloth

    117. Among them: polyester cotton cloth.

    118, sweaters and pants

    119, wool

    120, woolen cloth

    121. Among them: worsted goods.

    122, woolen goods

    123.blankets

    124, sacks

    125, silk

    126. Silk products

    127, machine-made paper and paperboard

    128, in which: embossed paper.

    129, self-use textbook paper

    Sewing machine

    131. Bicycles

    Household refrigerator

    133. Among them: two-door refrigerator.

    134, household refrigeration, freezer

    135, household washing machine

    136. Among them: Double-barrel washing machine.

    137, civil electric fan

    138, room air conditioner

    139, synthetic detergent

    140, soap (excluding soap)

    141 cigarettes

    142, light bulb

    143.watches

    144, daily glass products

    145, daily enamel products

    146. Among them: enamel basin.

    147, daily ceramic products

    148.piano

    149, plastic products

    150. Among them: agricultural film.

    151, daily refined aluminum products

    152, leather (cowhide)

    153, in which: pigskin (natural Zhang)

    154 leather shoes

    155. Shoes

    156.clothes

    157, carpet

    158, civil furnace

    159, chimney

    160, sugar

    161, canned food

    162, candy

    163, soda

    164, drinks and wine

    165. Among them: white wine.

    166, beer

    167. Wine

    168, monosodium glutamate

    169, dairy products

    170, cakes

    171, fresh milk processing

    172, soy sauce

    173, flour

    174, edible vegetable oil

    175, with, mixed feed

    176, pesticides

    177, glacial acetic acid

Information disclosure of the National Bureau of Statistics

Chapter I General Principles

 

the first In order to ensure the smooth progress of statistical law enforcement and standardize the issuance and management of statistical law enforcement certificates, these measures are formulated in accordance with the Administrative Punishment Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations for the Implementation of the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China and other relevant laws and regulations.

the second These Measures shall apply to the application, printing, issuance, use, supervision and management of statistical law enforcement certificates.

Article Statistical law enforcement certificate is an effective certificate to prove the identity of statistical law enforcement personnel when they engage in statistical law enforcement activities according to law, and it is also a certificate to perform statistical administrative law enforcement duties.

Article 4 Personnel engaged in statistical law enforcement shall hold statistical law enforcement certificates. Those who have not obtained the statistical law enforcement certificate shall not engage in statistical law enforcement.

Statistical law enforcement officers shall take the initiative to show statistical law enforcement certificates to statistical inspection objects when carrying out statistical law enforcement work according to law.

Article 5 The National Bureau of Statistics is responsible for the issuance and management of national statistical law enforcement certificates.

Provincial statistical agencies are responsible for the application, review and management of statistical law enforcement certificates in their own regions and systems.

Article 6 The statistical law enforcement certificate consists of a special wallet and an internal card.

The wallet is horizontal black leather, with the words "People’s Republic of China (PRC)" engraved on the upper part of the external front, the national emblem engraved in the middle and the words "Statistical Law Enforcement Certificate" engraved on the bottom, the logo of the National Bureau of Statistics engraved on the middle of the back and the words "Issued by the National Bureau of Statistics" engraved on the bottom; Internal card is placed.

The left side of the card in the statistical law enforcement certificate is an anti-counterfeiting plastic package card, which is marked with the words "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Statistical Law Enforcement Certificate" and the law enforcement certificate number, the name, gender, photo, unit, issuing authority, expiration date and the seal of the National Bureau of Statistics of the holder, and the right side is a paper card, which indicates the duties, authority and supervision telephone number of law enforcement personnel.

If the state has special provisions on the system of law enforcement certificates, those provisions shall prevail.

 

Chapter II Acquisition and Issuance of Certificates

Article 7 To obtain a statistical law enforcement certificate, the following conditions shall be met:

(a) firm ideals and beliefs, and resolutely implement organizational decisions;

(two) adhere to principles, decent style, loyal to their duties, law-abiding;

(3) Having the necessary legal knowledge and mastering the contents of statistical laws, regulations and relevant administrative laws and regulations;

(four) have the necessary statistical business knowledge, familiar with the main contents of the statistical investigation system;

(five) master the statistical law enforcement process and discipline;

(6) Other conditions stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and rules.

Article 8 To obtain a statistical law enforcement certificate, one shall meet the following qualifications:

(a) the civil servants in the statistical agencies of the people’s governments at or above the county level or the staff managed by reference to the Civil Service Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and intend to engage in statistical law enforcement;

(2) Having a college degree or above;

(3) HavingthreeAt least years statistical work experience, or have a bachelor degree or above in law and haveoneAt least years working experience in statistics, or working in a statistical legal institution.oneYears or more;

(four) to participate in statistical law enforcement training organized by statistical agencies at or above the provincial level, and to pass the qualification examination for statistical law enforcement personnel.

Article 9 Persons in any of the following circumstances shall not issue statistical law enforcement certificates:

(1)threeThe annual assessment results during the year are incompetent;

(two) there are illegal records in statistical work;

(3) Being punished for violating statistical laws and regulations;

(4) Being severely punished by Party discipline and government affairs for violating discipline and being in the period of punishment influence.

Article 10 Provincial, municipal and county statistical agencies applying for statistical law enforcement certificates shall submit the following materials to the statistical law enforcement agencies at or above the provincial level who intend to issue statistical law enforcement certificates:

(a) the application form for statistical law enforcement certificate;

(two) the appointment and removal of cadres;

(three) a copy of the academic certificate;

(four) the proof materials of the statistical institution about education, establishment, position and annual assessment results;

(five) the statistical agency’s certification materials on legal knowledge, statistical business knowledge, law enforcement ability level and no circumstances listed in Article 9 of these Measures.

Article 11 Statistical institutions shall conduct a preliminary examination of the persons who intend to issue statistical law enforcement certificates in accordance with the provisions of Articles 7, 8 and 9 of these Measures. To meet the conditions and qualifications, the statistical agencies shall collectively study and determine the list of persons who intend to issue statistical law enforcement certificates in accordance with the provisions of the conference system, sign the review opinions in the corresponding columns of the Application Form for Statistical Law Enforcement Certificates and affix the official seal of the unit, and submit them to the provincial statistical agencies for review.

Article 12 Provincial statistical law enforcement agencies shall, after receiving the Application Form for Statistical Law Enforcement Certificate, conduct an audit in accordance with the provisions of the present Measures. Those who meet the conditions and qualifications shall be submitted to provincial statistical agencies for collective research in accordance with the provisions of the conference system to determine the personnel who intend to issue statistical law enforcement certificates, and shall be reported to the Statistical Law Enforcement Supervision Bureau of the National Bureau of Statistics for examination and approval, and a statistical law enforcement certificate shall be issued by the National Bureau of Statistics.

Article 13 All units of the National Bureau of Statistics apply for statistical law enforcement certificates, and the division-level institutions shall examine the personnel who intend to issue statistical law enforcement certificates according to the provisions of Articles 7, 8 and 9 of these Measures. Those who meet the conditions and qualifications shall sign the examination opinions in the corresponding columns of the Application Form for Statistical Law Enforcement Certificates and affix the official seal of the unit, and submit them to the Statistical Law Enforcement Supervision Bureau. The Bureau of Statistical Law Enforcement Supervision shall conduct an audit in accordance with the provisions of these Measures and collectively study and determine the list of persons who intend to issue statistical law enforcement certificates, and report to the leaders of the National Bureau of Statistics for examination and approval.

 

Chapter III Statistical Law Enforcement Training and Examination

 

Article 14 The National Bureau of Statistics is responsible for organizing the formulation of the national statistical law enforcement personnel training plan and formulating the training outline.

Statistical institutions at or above the provincial level shall, in accordance with the training plan, organize on-the-job training for statistical law enforcement personnel.

Article 15 Statistical law enforcement post training is divided into qualification training and on-the-job training. The training contents include statistical laws and regulations, relevant administrative laws and regulations, policy theory, statistical professional knowledge, on-site law enforcement practice, party discipline and work system, etc.

Article 16 The training teachers for statistical law enforcement posts should be statistical rule-of-law workers, statistical business backbones, legal experts, personnel with rich law enforcement experience and skilled law enforcement skills in the National Bureau of Statistics, provincial statistical agencies and the talent pool of law enforcement backbones of the National Bureau of Statistics.

Article 17 The Statistical Law Enforcement Supervision Bureau of the National Bureau of Statistics is responsible for formulating the qualification examination outline for statistical law enforcement personnel and establishing the examination question bank.

Statistical institutions at or above the provincial level shall, in accordance with the examination syllabus, be responsible for organizing statistical law enforcement officers in their own regions and systems to conduct qualification examinations according to the examination questions provided by the Statistical Law Enforcement Supervision Bureau of the National Bureau of Statistics, and implement unified proposition, unified paper making and unified marking.

Article 18 The qualification examination of statistical law enforcement personnel includes basic legal knowledge, statistical laws and regulations, relevant laws and regulations, professional knowledge of statistical law enforcement and other related knowledge.

Article 19 Statistical institutions at or above the provincial level shall, in strict accordance with the provisions of the National Bureau of Statistics, organize the implementation of qualification examinations to ensure that reference personnel strictly abide by the examination room discipline.

Article 20 Statistical institutions at or above the provincial level shall organize and carry out job training and qualification examinations for statistical law enforcement personnel free of charge.

 

 

chapter four Certificate management and use

 

Article 21 Statistical institutions at or above the provincial level shall strengthen the management of certified personnel, establish a statistical law enforcement certificate database and implement dynamic management.

Provincial statistical agencies shall regularly report the use of statistical law enforcement certificates in their own regions and systems to the National Bureau of Statistics for the record.

Article 22 Statistical institutions at or above the provincial level shall announce the names of the holders of statistical law enforcement certificates, their units, law enforcement certificate numbers and other information to the public through government websites for public inquiry.

Article 23 Statistical law enforcement certificates shall be uniformly printed by the National Bureau of Statistics, and shall be numbered uniformly throughout the country.

Statistical law enforcement certificate issued by the National Bureau of Statistics. From the date of issuance of the statistical law enforcement certificate,fiveValid during the year. If the validity period expires, it shall re-apply for the statistical law enforcement certificate in accordance with these measures.

Article 24 Statistical law enforcement certificate is limited to the use of certified personnel engaged in statistical law enforcement work.

The holder shall use the statistical law enforcement certificate in accordance with the statutory authority, and shall not alter, copy, lend, mortgage, give away, buy or sell or intentionally damage it, and shall not use the statistical law enforcement certificate for non-statistical law enforcement activities.

Article 25 The holder shall properly keep the statistical law enforcement certificate to prevent it from being lost, stolen or damaged.

If the statistical law enforcement certificate is lost, stolen or damaged, the holder shall promptly report to the unit where he works, and the unit where he works shall apply to the original issuing authority for a replacement according to the application procedures. The unit to which the holder belongs and the issuing authority shall promptly invalidate the announcement of the lost, stolen or damaged statistical law enforcement certificate.

Article 26 If the holder has any of the following circumstances, the unit to which he belongs shall recover his statistical law enforcement certificate and submit it to the issuing authority for cancellation after being audited by the provincial statistical agency:

(1) Retirement;

(2) Resignation and dismissal;

(three) no longer engaged in statistical law enforcement work;

(four) the statistical law enforcement certificate expires;

(5) It shall be withdrawn for other reasons.

 

chapter five supervision and check

 

Article 27 The National Bureau of Statistics shall supervise and inspect the application, issuance, management and use of statistical law enforcement certificates.

The statistical agencies of the people’s governments at the provincial level and the investigation corps of the National Bureau of Statistics shall supervise and inspect the use of statistical law enforcement certificates by certified personnel in their respective regions and systems.

Article 28 The establishment of statistical law enforcement certificate management assessment system. The National Bureau of Statistics regularly organizes spot checks on the management of statistical law enforcement certificates, and assesses the management of statistical law enforcement certificates by provincial statistical institutions every year.

Article 29 The establishment of statistical law enforcement personnel spot check system. The National Bureau of Statistics randomly selects some holders of statistical law enforcement certificates to review the scope of qualification examination questions.

 

Chapter vi Legal liability

 

Article 30 Certified personnel in any of the following circumstances, by the statistical agencies at or above the provincial level criticism and education, shall be ordered to make corrections, can be withheld its statistical law enforcement certificate:

(a) beyond the statutory authority or in violation of legal procedures for law enforcement, without causing serious consequences;

(two) the use of statistical law enforcement certificates for non-statistical law enforcement activities has not caused serious consequences;

(three) suspected of violating discipline and law has been put on file for review, and no conclusion has been made;

(four) other reasons should be withheld.

Article 31 In any of the following circumstances, the statistical agencies at or above the provincial level shall collect their statistical law enforcement certificates:

(a) beyond the statutory authority or in violation of legal procedures for law enforcement, resulting in serious consequences;

(two) the use of statistical law enforcement certificates for non-statistical law enforcement activities, resulting in serious consequences;

(three) alter, copy, lend, mortgage, give away, buy or sell or intentionally damage the statistical law enforcement certificate;

(four) taking advantage of his position, asking for accepting other people’s property, collecting fines for himself or engaging in other illegal activities;

(five) there are malpractice, dereliction of duty and other dereliction of duty;

(six) the annual assessment results are incompetent;

(7) Being punished by administrative detention, criminal detention or sentenced to punishment;

(eight) refusing or obstructing statistical law enforcement inspection, shielding or conniving at statistical violations;

(9) being punished by party discipline and government affairs;

(ten) other circumstances in which the statistical law enforcement certificate should be confiscated.

Article 32 Any unit that, in violation of the provisions of these measures, forges, alters or fraudulently uses statistical law enforcement certificates shall be ordered by the National Bureau of Statistics or provincial statistical agencies to make corrections, given a warning and may be notified; If the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel belong to national staff, the appointment and removal organ or the discipline inspection and supervision organ shall punish them in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Article 33 In violation of these measures, making and issuing statistical law enforcement certificates without authorization shall be ordered by the National Bureau of Statistics to make corrections, give a warning and be informed; If the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel belong to national staff, the appointment and removal organ or the discipline inspection and supervision organ shall punish them in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Article 34 In violation of the provisions of these measures, which constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security administration shall be punished according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

 

Chapter VII Supplementary rules

 

Article 35 These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

How to eat fruit? Avoid these five misunderstandings

Recently, strawberries, watermelons, loquat and other seasonal fruits have been on the market in large quantities. Because of its rich vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, fruit has always been recognized as a healthy food. But eating fruit incorrectly will also affect health, so we should avoid these misunderstandings when eating fruit.

Be careful when buying fresh-cut fruits.

Because of the advantages of ready-to-eat, small quantity and portability, many fruit shops will launch fresh-cut fruits in summer, and a plate of all kinds of fruits is full, which is very popular among consumers. However, the cut fruit is easy to breed bacteria when exposed to the air for a long time, leading to corruption and deterioration, so it is best to cut it now and eat it immediately; If you can’t finish eating it, you should refrigerate it as soon as possible, and the refrigeration time should not exceed 4 hours. It is not recommended to refrigerate it for a long time.

However, the reporter found that in many roadside fruit stalls, fresh-cut fruits are often placed in the most conspicuous position and exposed to direct sunlight. Some shops still sell the fruit bowls cut in the morning. The cut fruit has been exposed to the sun for a long time, but it is no longer fresh, but it is still mistaken by many consumers for fresh-cut fruit to buy home.

How to judge whether it is really fresh-cut fruit?

Generally, fresh-cut fruits sold in regular supermarkets will be marked with the cutting and sealing time on the outer packaging, and the shorter the purchase time is, the better. If the time of cutting and sealing is not marked, consumers can ask the store or observe the surface of the fruit. If the fruit is found to be oxidized and black in color, the pulp is wilted and the fruit plate oozes juice, it means that the fruit itself is not fresh or the cutting time is long, so it is not suitable for purchase.

Fresh-cut fruits sold in regular supermarkets will be marked with the cutting and sealing time on the outer packaging.

In addition, "fruit fishing" is also very popular in summer, but some merchants deliberately add stale fruits to yogurt to stir, and the unsold fruits turn into fruit fishing, but their value doubles. Therefore, consumers must choose reliable merchants when buying fruit fishing.

Fruit juice can’t replace fruit.

Fruit juice has always been a cool and thirst-quenching product in summer, and freshly squeezed fruit juice and bamboo tube fruit tea have once become drinks in online celebrity.

But in fact, drinking fruit juice can’t replace eating fruit. Eating fruit directly is healthier than drinking freshly squeezed fruit juice. In the process of squeezing fruit into juice, a lot of nutrients will be lost, such as dietary fiber in pulp will be discarded in pursuit of taste; When the pulp is cut and exposed to the air, vitamins, polyphenols and other nutrients will be lost to varying degrees; After squeezed into juice, the sugar in the fruit will become more easily absorbed by the human body, and drinking juice for a long time is easier to get fat than eating fruit; There are even unscrupulous merchants who specially select stale fruits and squeeze them into juice, and then add sugar, pigment, essence, etc. Additives completely cover up the taste of fruits, and consumers simply can’t taste whether the fruits are fresh or not.

Fruit juice can’t replace fruit.

Therefore, we should try to eat more fruits and drink less juice in summer.

A part of rotten fruit should not be eaten any more.

Some fruit at home is rotten, and some people are reluctant to throw it away. They will gouge out the rotten part of the fruit and eat the rest of the "good" place. Then, can some rotten fruits be eaten again?

"rotten fruit" can be roughly divided into three situations: first, rot and mildew; The second is spots and a small amount of insects; The third is bruising and frostbite. Xu Wenping, an associate researcher at the School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, said that in rotten and moldy fruits, not only the rotten parts breed microorganisms, but also the seemingly intact pulp is contaminated by microorganisms, which is just invisible to the naked eye. That is to say, the "good" parts of rotten fruits also have toxic substances left, which may cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, etc., endangering human health, and it is not recommended to eat them again.

Rotten and moldy fruits should not be eaten any more.

In addition to being contaminated by microorganisms, fruits have other "small flaws" and can still be eaten, but it is recommended to eat them as soon as possible. For example, the fruit is only slightly spotted or eaten by a small amount of insects, which can be cut off with a knife before eating; In addition, after the fruit is bruised or frostbitten, the pulp cells are damaged, juice overflows, and the color of the bruised and frostbitten parts will be slightly darker. This kind of fruit should not be stored, and it should be eaten immediately after the problem is found.

Vitamin C supplementation can’t rely solely on eating fruits.

Some people eat fruit mainly to supplement vitamin C, but it is not. In addition to fruits, there are many "vitamin C kings" in vegetables. According to China Food Composition Table, the five fruits with the highest vitamin C content are Dongzao 243mg/100g, Guava 68mg/100g, Kiwifruit 62mg/100g, Leling jujube 54mg/100g, and Crataegus pinnatifida 53 mg/100 g. The five vegetables with the highest vitamin C content are: colored pepper 104mg/100g, mustard (big leaf)/cabbage 72mg/100g, Brassica oleracea 65mg/100g, Chinese cabbage (Shanghai Green) 64mg/100g and kale 63 mg/100 g.

The Reference Intake of Dietary Nutrients for China Residents recommended that the daily intake (RNI) of vitamin C for adults should be 100mg. In "Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022", it is introduced that "the contribution rate of different kinds of foods to some nutrients in the diet in the 2000kcal balanced diet model", and the contribution rate of vegetables to vitamin C is almost 100%. Therefore, under normal circumstances, you can get enough vitamin C through a balanced diet, and you don’t have to eat a lot of fruits to supplement vitamin C.

Fruit can’t replace vegetables.

Vegetables and fruits can provide rich micronutrients, dietary fiber and phytochemicals, but they can’t replace each other because of their different nutritional advantages. Vegetables can be divided into dark vegetables and light vegetables. The contents of vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber in dark vegetables are mostly higher than those in fruits. However, there are more carbohydrates, organic acids and aromatic substances in fruits than in fresh vegetables, and the sugar content is generally higher than that in vegetables, so it is not suitable for excessive consumption.

Therefore, Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022 suggests that both vegetables and fruits should be eaten. Among them, meals should have vegetables, and adults should ensure that they consume not less than 300g of fresh vegetables every day, and dark vegetables should account for 1/2; Eat fruit every day, and adults are guaranteed to consume 200-350g of fresh fruit every day. The sweetness and nutrient content of different fruits are different. Take at least 1-2 kinds of fruits every day, and seasonal fruits are the first choice.

Photo: Shanghai rumor platform

Transcription Editor: Lin Xinyi