The third week of May is National Nutrition Week.

This year’s theme is "How to cook, how to choose and how to read labels"

Learn to read nutrition labels

Do on-demand meal preparation and nutrition catering.

Koppjun believes that

This is a compulsory course for everyone.

So, how do we read food labels?

Make a reasonable meal plan?

The higher the ranking of ingredients, the more content.

It is stipulated in our country that all prepackaged foods must be printed with nutrition labels on the outer packaging, including ingredient list, nutrition ingredient list, nutrition claim, etc. Otherwise, it is an illegal product.

Just know one key point about the ingredient list: the higher the content, the higher the ranking.

Therefore, no matter how extravagant the advertisement is, you can understand it at first glance.

For example, if you buy dried fruit, if white sugar is at the top of the ingredient list, or if there is edible salt and oil, it is not recommended to give it to children, which will easily lead to excessive sugar and sodium in one day.

In addition, we need to pay attention to the food additives in the ingredient list.

The purpose of food additives is to meet the needs of color, fragrance, seasoning, preservation, preservation and processing technology.

The following ham sausage and instant noodles cover almost all additives.

Image source: Weibo

Slide up and down

↓ View food additives for various purposes ↓

● Color matching-colorant, color fixative and bleach.

● Flavoring-edible essence

● Seasoning-salt, flavor enhancer, sweetener, sour agent, salty agent and umami agent.

● Anticorrosion-preservatives and antioxidants

● Preservation-antioxidant

● Processing technology needs-thickener, emulsifier, etc.

● Nutritional fortification-nutritional fortifier

To sum up, the conclusion can be drawn from the ingredient list is that materials are the best for food, and the shorter the ingredient list, the better.

Understand the nutrient composition table

There are usually three main contents in the nutrient composition table. From left to right, the names of the nutrients, the contents of the nutrients and the nutrient reference values (NRV%) are listed.

The contents that must be marked in the nutrient composition table are:

01

Nutrients that need to be listed:

China adopts the "1+4" model, that is, energy+four core nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium). Except for some exempted foods, all nutritional ingredients must have these five ingredients on the list.

In addition, when there are raw materials (hydrogenated and/or partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, non-dairy creamer, etc.) that may contain trans fatty acids in the ingredient list, it must be marked.

Merchants can also selectively add some nutrients. For example, dairy products usually add "calcium" and coarse grain products often add "cellulose".

Examples of nutritional components of basic models in GB 28050-2011

02

Specific values corresponding to five items:

Generally speaking, how much is contained in "every 100g", drinks are used in "every 100ml", and many snacks with high energy will be used in "each serving" or "each package".

03

Nutrient reference values percentage (NRV%):

The country has a recommended daily intake value for ordinary adults for each nutrient, and the latter percentage value represents how much share you used today when you ate 100g/ml of this food.

After learning the above "basic knowledge"

It helps to know yourself.

How many calories have you eaten?

How do you know what you eat?

How much heat is there?

According to the national standard, the content in the table of nutrients is per 100ml, or per 100g, or in a serving of food.

net content

If it is 100g or 100ml, it needs to be combined with the "net content".

For example, the net content of a bottle of beverage is 500ml, and the energy value in the nutrition table is 190 kilojoules per 100ml, so the energy of the whole bottle of beverage is 190×5=950 kilojoules.

a part; a portion; a share

According to the "one copy", the specific amount of "one copy" will be written.

For example, if a packet of instant coffee powder is 15g, its nutrient content table may be "one serving (15g)", so you can look at it directly without counting.

convert

In addition, the energy unit of food labels is kilojoules (KJ), which is an internationally used unit for labeling calories, but the calories we normally say are kilocalories (Kcal), which are also called calories and calories. The conversion relationship between them is as follows:

1kcal=4.184kJ

Calculate daily requirements according to NRV

As we said earlier, NRV% is the content that must be marked in the nutrient composition table. NRV is short for Nutrition Reference Values, which is translated into Chinese as Nutrient Reference Values.

Nutrient reference values refers to the amount of certain nutrients that ordinary people should eat every day under normal circumstances.

The NRV value of each nutrient is given in the national standard General Rules for Nutrition Labeling in prepackaged foods (GB 28050-2011):

Understand what NRV is, add a percent sign and write it as "NRV%" or "nutrient reference values%", which means that the actual content of a nutrient in this food accounts for the proportion of its NRV.

It is difficult for ordinary consumers to see the level of a certain nutrient in food from the digital surface. For example, the fat content in a nut nutrient composition table below is 53.2g/100g, and consumers can’t know whether the "53.2 g" here is high or low, but it is easy to understand if it is expressed by NRV%. Eating 100 grams of this food can probably meet 89% of the fat I need in a day, and other foods with more fat should be eaten less!

NRV%= content ÷NRV×100%

The above picture shows the nutritional composition table of a dairy product. We can see that every 100ml of dairy product contains 110mg of calcium, and nutritionists suggest that adults consume 800mg of calcium every day, and 110÷800×100%=13.75% (about 14% in the composition table), which is the meaning of our NRV%.

If the whole box of milk has 250 ml, when you finish it, you have completed 34.4% of today’s calcium intake task.

Friends who have special needs for food, such as gaining muscle, losing weight and controlling salt, need to pay special attention to NRV%. Through these values, calculate your daily intake.

How’s it going?

Want to achieve "can cook and choose, can read the label"

Isn’t it that difficult?

Congratulations!

Understand ingredient list, nutrient composition list, NRV%

Next time I go shopping in the supermarket

You can compare and choose ~

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It will become loose!

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Popular reading

(Click on the picture to read)

Original title: "I heard that you buy food without looking at the nutrient list? It is necessary to popularize science! 》

Read the original text

　　In the summer night, maybe you are craving barbecue, draft beer and food stalls, or maybe you are keen on reducing fat, shaping and living a healthy life. But you know what? Whether you are drinking with a glass in the night wind, or you are sweating on the treadmill to keep fit and self-disciplined, you may be targeted by a disease called gout. The latest data shows that the number of gout patients in China has exceeded 80 million, and it continues to rise, and at the same time it is getting younger and younger. Hyperuricemia has become the "fourth highest" after hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.

　　Do you know anything about gout? Who does gout "favor" most? How will the talons of gout affect our lives? Can food supplement "drive away" gout? How can we prevent it? How to treat it? How to exercise?

　　Are you a gouty person?

　　□ Dong Lingling, Professor of Rheumatology and Immunology, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

　　According to the white paper on gout status report in China in 2017, there are more than 80 million gout patients in China, and gout has become the second largest metabolic disease in China after diabetes.

　　What kind of disease is gout?

　　As the saying goes, gout is the arthritis of the rich and rheumatism is the arthritis of the poor. So how was gout discovered?

　　In 1776, carl scheele, a Swedish chemist, discovered an organic acid in urine stones, which was named litholic acid. More than 20 years later, French chemists found that there was not only lithoid acid in stones, but also in urine, so they changed their names to uric acid. At the same time, British doctors found that the composition of gout patients’ nodules was uric acid. Finally, the doctors finally determined that gout was related to uric acid.

　　So what is gout? It is a crystal-related arthropathy caused by monosodium urate deposition, which is directly related to hyperuricemia caused by purine metabolic disorder and/or decreased uric acid excretion, and belongs to the category of metabolic rheumatism. Patients often show acute paroxysmal arthritis, tophus formation, tophus chronic arthritis, urate nephropathy and uric acid urinary calculi. Every gout patient must have a period of hyperuricemia before the attack, which is undetected or ignored.

　　Gout can be complicated with joint disability and renal disease, and in severe cases, joint destruction and renal function damage can occur, often accompanied by other manifestations of metabolic syndrome, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

　　In which parts of the body does gout occur frequently?

　　Gout patients often have sudden joint pain at night, and the onset is sudden. Patients will wake up in pain in the middle of the night, and the affected joints may have severe redness and heat pain, showing a local burning sensation. Then the patient’s pain will gradually reduce until it disappears, lasting for several days or weeks.

　　The most common joint is the big toe, and it is also common in the joints of the hand, knee joint cover, elbow joint and so on. The affected joints will eventually become red, swollen and inflamed, and the tissues will become soft and their activities will be limited after edema, thus affecting daily life.

　　When does gout usually occur?

　　Many gout patients have had this experience. In the middle of the night, especially in the middle of the night, when they were sleeping soundly, they were awakened by sudden joint pain. They often felt heartbroken and sweaty, which could not be alleviated for a long time.

　　Why is gout more common at night? First of all, the glucocorticoid level is low at night, and the ability of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and uric acid excretion is reduced. Secondly, the human body is in a state of relative water shortage at night, and uric acid is easier to deposit. Third, the body temperature is low at night. Fourth, lack of oxygen.

　　What kind of people does gout prefer?

　　Men’s data show that the ratio of male to female patients with gout is about 15: 1, so why are men more likely to get gout than women? Women have a congenital advantage because estrogen can promote uric acid excretion and help inhibit the onset of arthritis. Men, on the other hand, have more androgens in the body, and androgens especially love uric acid, which will inhibit the excretion of uric acid by the kidneys, lead to the increase of uric acid content in the body, accelerate the formation and deposition of uric acid crystals, and finally attract gout.

　　People who love to drink alcohol will produce a lot of lactic acid in our bodies, and these lactic acids will compete with uric acid. When both are excreted, overbearing lactic acid is more easily excreted, and less uric acid is excreted. Over time, it will cause gout.

　　People who love meat and seafood have high purine content in crustacean seafood such as viscera, shellfish, oysters and lobster, and they are prone to gout if they eat too much. For example, the youngest gout patient in Qingdao is only 13 years old, and he just ate it.

　　In the impression of most people, gout is a patent for middle-aged and elderly people, which is scientifically based. Postmenopausal women are prone to gout with decreased estrogen and increased androgen. After 60 years old, people are old, joints are aging, coupled with calcium loss, cartilage tissue is also reduced a lot, and in this way, gout began to bully the elderly.

　　People with a family history of gout will inherit gout.

　　A former athlete or a fitness expert. Athletes or fitness experts have more activities than ordinary people, and the intensity is greater, which leads to the burning and decomposition of adenosine triphosphate in their bodies and the faster metabolism of cells than ordinary people, thus producing more purines in their bodies. In addition, many athletes have been injured and are more likely to attract gout.

　　Obese people, especially those who lose weight, may also attract gout, which is similar to drinking. If you lose weight too fast, you will produce a lot of ketone bodies after burning fat, and ketone bodies and uric acid will also have a competitive mechanism. If ketone bodies are overbearing, they will be discharged more, and uric acid will be discharged less. Most obese people love high-calorie foods such as fried chicken and cola, and they eat too much fat. The above drama is repeated again.

　　Skillful exercise, uric acid control and gout prevention

　　□ Professor of Orthopaedics, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Guo Fengjin Li Feng Deputy Chief Physician Hu Weihua

　　Like a needle! Like a tiger bite! Like a devil’s bite, I can’t wait to cut it off A gust of wind hurts … … This is the description of acute attack by gout patients. Gout is considered as "the first pain in the world", but at present, most patients are "forgetting the pain after getting rid of the scar" and only pay attention to the treatment of acute attack. When the pain was relieved, most people returned to normal life without effective prevention and treatment.

　　As everyone knows, with the development of time, sodium urate will be deposited on the joints and around them, which will form crystals, that is, tophi. These tophi can cause painful nodules covering the skin. After tophus gradually increases, it may affect joint function, compress nerves and affect organ function, and its external skin may become thinner and ulcerated, forming fistula and discharging white chalk-like urate crystals, which will not heal for a long time. At this point, it can only be treated by surgery.

　　Can gout patients exercise?

　　Many small things in life can easily lead to gout if you don’t pay attention to them. You must pay attention to the care of gout patients and cooperate with the doctor’s treatment. Does that mean that gout patients can’t exercise? The answer is no. Life lies in exercise, which is also applicable to gout patients. However, they should pay more attention to some exercise methods. Studies have shown that proper exercise can enhance physical fitness, promote systemic blood circulation, and the utilization of sugar, fat and protein by muscles and tissues, thus reducing blood uric acid and blood sugar concentration, reducing the production of uric acid, and also preventing diabetes and arteriosclerosis, improving heart function, stabilizing blood pressure and reducing cardiovascular complications.

　　Which exercises are suitable for gout patients?

　　Tread on the stone barefoot. Treading on stones barefoot refers to walking on cobblestone roads without wearing shoes and socks. Pebbles can stimulate acupuncture points and nerve endings on the soles of feet, cause excitement, activate the functions of autonomic nervous system and endocrine system, accelerate blood circulation, promote metabolism, nourish yin and tonify yang, maintain kidney meridian and adjust blood pressure, improve sleep, relieve fatigue, improve immunity and adaptability to external environmental changes, and have certain preventive and therapeutic effects on gouty arthritis and other diseases.

　　Swimming. Moderate swimming can rotate all joints, keep them flexible, reduce the friction and extrusion between bones, improve local blood circulation and promote the dissolution and excretion of urate. It should be noted that it is best to control swimming within one hour. Do not increase lactic acid in the body due to excessive exercise and inhibit uric acid excretion by the kidneys.

　　Jogging. Running is a common and easy sport. For people under pressure, strenuous running is more inclined to vent, but it is not as good as jogging. Before exercise, you can do some warm-up exercises and adjust your breathing. It is recommended to jog for half an hour to an hour every day, and the best time is from 5 pm to 7 pm.

　　Although physical exercise alone can’t effectively reduce serum uric acid, it can significantly reduce serum uric acid concentration when combined with diet health care, thus playing a role in preventing gout attack and delaying the progress of the disease.

　　It hurts enough to doubt the rational use of drugs to relieve life.

　　□ Department of Pharmacy, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tang Liying Peng Jingning Fang Jianguo

　　Gout, pain in the bone, pain in the heart, its ferocity, people doubt life.

　　The treatment of gout attack should be as urgent as fire fighting. Although there are many strategies to deal with gout, non-drug treatment should be the first choice, pay attention to adjusting the diet structure, and follow the doctor’s advice, take medicine according to the doctor’s advice and review regularly.

　　The main drugs for gout are colchicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs that promote uric acid excretion (such as probenecid and benbromarone) and drugs that inhibit uric acid synthesis (allopurinol and febuxostat).

　　"Treat its target first" — — Control acute inflammation. Colchicine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are mainly used in the acute onset of gout, and the principle of taking medicine in full at an early stage and gradually stopping after taking effect is generally very obvious. If the pain does not improve obviously after taking the medicine for one week, you should seek medical advice in time. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used in clinic include cyclooxygenase -1(COX-1) inhibitors and COX-2 inhibitors, such as indomethacin, ibuprofen, celecoxib, etc. As the first-line drugs for gout, these drugs are effective and relatively safe. However, these two drugs have side effects, mainly gastrointestinal toxicity, which should be paid close attention to in clinical application. The toxic side effects of colchicine tablets in acute phase are great, so it is necessary to monitor blood routine and liver and kidney function regularly during taking the drug. Some patients will have vomiting, diarrhea and other reactions after taking the medicine. At this time, the medicine should be stopped or reduced.

　　"Slow down and cure its roots" — — Medication in remission should be avoided in acute attack. Patients in remission can start the treatment of allopurinol, an acid inhibitor, 1-2 weeks after joint inflammation is controlled. During the remission period, you should pay attention to drink more water, more than 3000ml per day, supplement sodium bicarbonate when necessary, and alkalize urine to prevent uric acid crystals from depositing in the process of excretion.

　　In the chronic phase, drugs that inhibit uric acid synthesis and drugs that promote uric acid excretion should be used. Excessive uric acid needs treatment even if it does not cause pain symptoms, and patients can’t ignore it. In addition, patients should pay attention to the interaction between drugs, such as hypoglycemic drugs (biguanides) and antihypertensive drugs (ACEI), which will reduce the excretion of uric acid, and gout patients should be cautious in using such drugs.

　　As the first choice for reducing uric acid, febuxostat has a strong effect on reducing uric acid. The effect of one tablet of febuxostat is similar to that of three tablets of allopurinol, and patients with impaired renal function do not need to adjust their drug use through liver metabolism. The recommended initial dose of febuxostat tablets is 40mg once a day. If the serum uric acid level is not lower than 6mg/dL after 2 weeks, it is recommended to increase the dosage to 80mg once a day.

　　At present, febuxostat is the only gout drug whose therapeutic effect is not affected by high-fat diet. However, at the initial stage of taking this product, it may cause gout attack, because the uric acid deposited in tissues is mobilized due to the change of blood uric acid level. It is recommended to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or colchicine at the same time.

　　In short, the treatment of gout is a lifelong process of reducing uric acid, unless intolerance or adverse reactions occur. Patients should pay attention to a low purine diet, maintain a reasonable weight, abstain from drinking, drink more water, avoid overeating, drinking too much, getting cold and getting wet, fatigue and mental stress, wear comfortable shoes to prevent joint injury, and use drugs that affect uric acid excretion with caution, such as some diuretics and low-dose aspirin. In addition, we should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease.

　　Did you get caught in the eight misunderstandings of gout diet?

　　□ Ye Ting, Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Clinical Nutrition, tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Dong Lingling, Professor of Rheumatology and Immunology.

　　Diet adjustment is an important part of gout treatment. By actively adjusting diet structure and living habits, we can choose different diet methods according to our own condition, which can not only meet the body’s demand for nutrition, but also prevent gout attacks. However, in life, gout patients are often caught in a diet misunderstanding.

　　First, eat less high-purity foods such as meat, eggs and milk?

　　Half right and half wrong!

　　Animal offal, seafood, all kinds of meat including livestock, poultry, most fish and thick broth contain a lot of purine, so it is really necessary to eat less. Purine is soluble in water. When cooking meat, it can be eaten by boiling and stewing.

　　Milk and eggs, however, are low-purine foods, and are rich in high-quality protein with essential amino acids, which can be eaten by gout patients. Many epidemiological studies show that higher intake of low-fat dairy products is beneficial to prevent gout. For patients with acute gout, milk and eggs can be used as the main sources of high-quality protein in diet. How to eat? We suggest that the daily intake of meat should not exceed 150g, and encourage the intake of low-fat or skim dairy products, 300ml per day.

　　Second, spinach, cauliflower, mushrooms, asparagus and other vegetables are rich in purine, and gout patients can’t eat them?

　　Wrong!

　　Although dark green tender stem and leaf vegetables (such as spinach and asparagus); Flower vegetables (such as cauliflower); Tender bean vegetables (such as edamame and tender peas); Dried fungi (all kinds of fresh mushrooms) are not low-purine foods, but studies show that vegetables rich in purine have no obvious correlation with high uric acid and gout attacks. Eating a lot of vegetables can also play a role in alkalizing urine, which is beneficial to the excretion of uric acid. The recommended daily intake of vegetables for ordinary residents is 300~500 grams, which can be increased to 700~1000 grams if the gastrointestinal function of gout patients can be tolerated.

　　Third, gout patients can’t eat coarse grains?

　　Wrong!

　　Like vegetable selection, although the purine content of some whole grains is higher than that of polished rice flour, it is not accurate to evaluate whether a food is suitable for gout patients only by considering the purine content. At present, no research has found that whole grains increase the risk of gout, and the purine content of millet, corn and other grains is equivalent to that of rice and white flour, or even lower. Moreover, miscellaneous grains are also a good food source of B vitamins, potassium and dietary fiber, which is beneficial to uric acid excretion, inflammatory reaction and weight control in patients with gout and hyperuricemia.

　　Fourth, soy products can’t be eaten?

　　Wrong!

　　Although soybean is a high purine food, the latest research shows that beans, especially bean products, can not only reduce the level of serum uric acid, but also reduce it. The mechanism is mainly because beans can increase blood uric acid and promote uric acid excretion at the same time, and the latter is more significant.

　　The cooking method of food has a great influence on the purine content of bean products. After soaking and grinding, the purine content is diluted. When tofu is made, part of the slurry water is squeezed out, and the purine content is further reduced due to the loss of water. The purine content of soybean products is greatly reduced, and it is rich in high-quality protein, which can make up for the reduction of protein intake caused by the restriction of red meat intake and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Therefore, gout patients can eat soy products in moderation.

　　Five, fruit contains fructose, gout patients can’t eat?

　　Wrong!

　　Although many fruits contain a lot of fructose, they are also rich in dietary fiber, potassium and vitamin C, which is beneficial to the excretion of uric acid and the reduction of blood uric acid level. At the same time, polyphenols in fruits are beneficial to reduce the level of inflammatory reaction, which are beneficial to gout patients. Studies have shown that fruits can reduce the risk of gout attacks.

　　But after all, fruit contains a lot of sugar, so it is not recommended for all gout patients to eat a lot of fruit. Fruits with less fructose can be eaten, such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples, watermelons, peaches, etc. It is no problem to eat 200~300 grams according to the normal quantity of healthy people.

　　Sixth, fat has no effect on uric acid?

　　Wrong!

　　Although fat itself does not contain purine, it will not increase uric acid production, but it will reduce uric acid excretion. At the same time, the high energy density of fat is not conducive to weight control. Therefore, we should try to reduce fat intake, such as fat meat and poultry with skin; Avoid frying high-fat foods.

　　Drinking beer, tea, coffee and fruit juice can increase the amount of drinking water and help to excrete uric acid?

　　Not quite right!

　　For the prevention and control of hyperuricemia and gout, what you eat is important, and what you drink is also important. Purine is easily soluble in water. Drinking more water for gout patients is beneficial to uric acid excretion, and it can also prevent kidney calculi of uric acid and delay the damage of kidney caused by the disease. Drinking plenty of water can shorten the duration of gout attack and relieve symptoms. People with normal heart and kidney function can drink more water and maintain a daily urine volume of 2000~3000ml.

　　However, it is not good to drink more beer, because alcohol metabolism can increase the concentration of lactic acid in the blood, and lactic acid can inhibit the secretion of uric acid by renal tubules and reduce the ability of kidney to excrete uric acid; Fruit juice drinks are rich in fructose, which can promote the production of endogenous uric acid. Excessive sugar intake accompanied by excessive fruit juice intake will promote obesity and metabolic disorders, which are themselves factors that promote gout. The relationship between coffee and high urea and gout is still inconclusive. Some studies show that coffee does not increase the risk of high uric acid, and may reduce the risk of gout. We believe that the best drink for gout patients is boiled water, which should be more than 2 liters per day.

　　Eight, gout patients only need to pay attention to the purine content of food?

　　Wrong!

　　Gout patients often pay too much attention to the purine content of food, and are entangled in whether this food can be eaten or not. There are two sources of uric acid in human body. The one decomposed from purine-rich foods (exogenous) accounts for about 20% of the total uric acid in the body, while the one synthesized in the body or metabolized by nucleic acids (endogenous) accounts for about 80% of the total uric acid in the body. In addition to reducing the intake of purine in diet, we should also control weight, reasonable diet and improve the metabolic disorder of the body. Obesity increases the risk of gout in patients with high uric acid, and weight loss can effectively reduce the level of serum uric acid. It is suggested that patients with hyperuricemia should control their weight in the normal range. However, you should avoid dieting and losing weight too fast, and ketone body production will interfere with uric acid excretion.

Fuzhou Meteorological Observatory changed the release of high-temperature red warning signal at 13: 46 on August 21st: It is estimated that the highest temperature in some towns (streets) in Fuzhou city and high-tech zone will reach 38 ~ 40℃ this afternoon, with some exceeding 40℃.

The meteorological department reminds relevant units and personnel to pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling, especially those working outdoors or under high temperature conditions should take necessary protective measures! (General Station reporter Wu Yanmin)

Special feature of 1905 film network 2021 has passed and I miss it very much.

What I miss is the ordinary and great mother played by Chinese, Chinese and Chinese; It is The Infiltrator in the dark night played by Chinese, American and Japanese; It is a model of the times played by China and China to pay tribute to the whole people.

What I miss is the Hi, Mom who warmed you and me and played middle-aged Li Huanying; It is China’s emotion that moves people and plays the aunt; It is the eyes that enter the play and play the daughter; It is the "thunder dad" who died for China; It is the "Pharaoh" who regards death as his death; It’s the villain and the actor with subtle acting skills in Above the Cliff and The Cliff.

Appreciate the masterpiece of the screen and enjoy the life of light and shadow. Next, let’s look at the most beautiful performances that belong to the screen in 2021!

The protagonist of the most beautiful screen performance in 2021

Chinese mother on the screen

A Hi, Mom in early 2021 made countless audiences cry. Li Huanying, a young man played by Zhang Xiaofei in the film, shows the gentlest appearance of a mother. She doesn’t want her child to have much ambition, but only wants her to be healthy and happy. And her warm and powerful performance also aroused the audience’s emotional resonance with her mother.

Unlike the Buddhist mothers in Hi, Mom, Ji Peizhen, played by Xu Fan in Everything About My Mom, is a worried and nagging mother. Xu Fan played the role of Qian Qian’s mother in our life. They look forward to their children’s success and their daughters’ success, and spare no effort to take care of a large family. They are not perfect, but their daily bickering also carries trivial care and expectation.

Mother not only has a gentle and considerate side, but also has the courage to be a mother. Zhang Ziyi plays such a mother in the poem of Me and My Father. The vast Gobi, shabby room, she is a great woman who dedicated herself to the national defense science and technology of the motherland; Giving up her family for everyone, she set an example for her children with her words and deeds. Zhang Ziyi wrote poems attentively, and portrayed a strong, forbearing and great mother with exquisite acting skills.

The unsung hero marching in the dark　

Every step from darkness to light has condensed the blood and tears of countless heroes. The film "Above the Cliff" created a group of unsung heroes in the hidden front, and the excellent interpretation of the actors made the image of this group of underground workers with heavy burdens more vivid and three-dimensional. Zhang Xianchen, played by Zhang Yi, is dead in the face of his belief in blazing with anger and torture, which makes people feel that the character’s inner belief in winning will never go out.

Yu Hewei’s undercover Zhou Yi is in an enemy camp, and Yu Hewei’s skillful and steady performance fully shows that Zhou Yi is cautious when dealing with the enemy, and he is sad when witnessing the sacrifice of his comrades.

　As a senior female spy, Wang Yu, played by Amanda, has to face multiple scenes and identities. Whether it’s an underground worker’s capable determination or a mother’s eager desire for a child, Amanda has performed very well in every aspect of Wang Yu. It is even more infectious to learn that a silent crying scene when a partner dies.

The power of persistence　　

One thing, a lifetime. In the movie "The Guardian of the Island", Wang Jicai, a "model of the people", and Do not forget your initiative mind insisted on guarding the island for more than 30 years, and Liu Ye performed the authentic side of this "guardian forgotten by time".

　You keep the island, I’ll keep you. Wang Shihua, played by Gong Zhe, has also moved countless audiences. Gong Zhe showed the image of a wife who gave up her family for everyone with her simple and sincere performance.

Green leaves of the most beautiful screen performance in 2021, click the link to watch the video.

Move people with emotion and enter the play with eyes.　　

Mom is the one who says she hates her children, but she is always proud of her children. In the movie Hi, Mom, Liu Jia plays the middle-aged Li Huanying, which explains the maturity of middle-aged women. With a few eyes and lines, it attracts people’s empathy, as if seeing their own mother.

In the movie My Sister, Zhu Yuanyuan plays the aunt, who is not only the "elder sister" of the previous generation, but also the aunt of the stubborn elder sister of the new generation. In a patriarchal family, "eldest sister is like a mother" has become her lifelong shackles. Zhu Yuanyuan performed the heart-wrenching experience of a tough woman who was swallowed up by life, and at the same time showed her love for her niece incisively and vividly.

A dining table, five worlds, everyone hides an unknown secret. In the suspense movie "Secret Visitor", Zifeng Zhang plays the indifferent and mysterious sister Wang Chutong, whose eyes are indistinguishable from good and evil, which makes people shudder instantly.

True feelings, real feelings, interpretation of unknown heroes　　

A little confused, with a sense of joy, Hu Jun plays the older and more experienced fighter "Lei Gong" in The Battle at Lake Changjin. Hu Jun, whose image as a tough guy is deeply rooted in people’s hearts, achieved a breakthrough this time. The first half was silly and cute, and contributed a lot of jokes. The final sacrifice was extremely tragic and contributed a lot of tears.

He is an unsung hero in the city. Fan Wei created an undercover "Lao Wang" who is good at changing his face in "Railway Hero", which makes people shine at the moment. The modesty and hypocrisy in the face of the enemy, the deliberate disguise in the face of comrades-in-arms, and the love in the face of small stones are all accurately and hierarchically portrayed by Fan Wei.

True and delicate, shaping the colorful villain　　

As the villain of Above the Cliff, Yu Ailei plays the spy Jin Zhide, but his performance is very bright. He secretly observed Zhou Yi, but he was confused by Zhou Yi in a few words. The expression gradually changed from relaxed to frightened and uneasy, and the facial expression changes from sunny to cloudy and from cloudy to sunny were well interpreted by Yu Ailei.

He is the head of a county and knows the way of officialdom. Zhang Songwen’s performance once again shines with his two faces with different light and shade, and his invisible personality. In the face of his younger brother, the leader of the evil forces, he grabbed his brother by the neck, seemingly awe-inspiring, but in fact he was afraid of being implicated. Good or bad is just a thought. In an inner confession scene after the crime was revealed, Zhang Songwen showed the true mentality of how a parent who once wanted to be a "Wen Tianxiang" became an umbrella for evil forces step by step.

Red flowers should also be lined with green leaves. The role of "green leaves" in these films not only adds color to the protagonist, but also adds color to the film. No matter how big or small the role is, as long as you interpret it with your heart, you can leave your own brilliance on the screen.

Brand building of agricultural products in China has a long way to go-
Show the world the power of China agriculture.

China is a big agricultural country, with the output of grain, vegetables, fruits, meat and aquatic products ranking first in the world, but many high-quality agricultural products are "bred in an inner chamber, with no one knowing her".

On the other hand, the world agricultural powers are all brand powers without exception. Strong brands can make agriculture strong. Without a large number of highly competitive agricultural brands, the pattern of relatively weak agriculture cannot be changed.

This year, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee clearly stated that it is necessary to promote the construction of public brands of regional agricultural products, support local governments to build regional characteristic brands based on advantageous enterprises and industry associations, and introduce modern elements to transform and upgrade traditional famous brands. This year’s government work report also clearly requires that standardized production, brand creation and protection of agricultural products be accelerated.

"Brand is reputation, credit and trust." Han Changfu, Minister of Agriculture, said not long ago that "agricultural brands run through the whole process of agricultural supply system, covering the whole industrial chain and value chain of agriculture, which is a remarkable symbol of agricultural comprehensive competitiveness. At present, the global market structure of agricultural products is undergoing fundamental changes, and the magic weapon of market competition no longer depends on scale, but on whether it has high-quality and differentiated brand advantages. To adapt to the development trend of the world agricultural industry, we must speed up the creation of brands. "

At present, the horn from "eating agriculture" to brand agriculture has sounded. How should we take the road from a big agricultural country to a strong agricultural brand country?

Calling for influential brands

Brand building of agricultural products is in the trend of starting a prairie fire. On the one hand, the construction of regional public brands is becoming mature; On the other hand, the brand building of agricultural enterprises has also been continuously improved. But overall, the system and influence of brand agriculture in China are still insufficient, and there are few truly competitive brands.

If China’s agriculture is a systematic project with multiple industrial chains and multiple factors coupled, then the brand is the main thread that runs through from the consumption end to the production end.

Walking around, whether in the fields or at the exhibition site, the reporter deeply felt the potential of brand building of agricultural products. In Shaanxi, the latest valuation of Luochuan Apple brand has reached 6.59 billion yuan, and the pattern of production base, processing enterprise, marketing organization, circulation market and export channel has been formed. In Jilin, in addition to the traditional three treasures of ginseng, velvet antler and mink, new brand business card matrices such as "golden business card" of corn, "platinum business card" of rice and "colorful business card" of miscellaneous grains are being established. Throughout the land of China, from the western border to the southeast coast, from the Loess Plateau to the beautiful south of the Yangtze River, many agricultural products brands mobilize the taste buds of consumers.

While the construction of regional public brands is becoming more and more mature, the brand construction of agricultural enterprises is also constantly improving, and the enthusiasm for registering trademarks is increasing. Statistics show that by the end of 2016, the total number of "three products and one standard" in China reached 108,000, with a planting area of 30 million hectares, accounting for about 17% of the planting area of similar agricultural products; There are more than 2.4 million registered trademarks of agricultural products; The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine has protected 1992 geographical indication products, laying a foundation for cultivating agricultural brands. On this basis, new agricultural entities such as large-scale breeders, family farms and farmers’ cooperatives have flourished, adding new momentum to the development of agricultural brands.

However, we have to pay attention to the fact that although the brand awareness of agricultural products in China is increasing, the system and influence of brand agriculture are still insufficient. The China Agricultural Brand Research Center of Zhejiang University has published a study on more than 1,200 leading agricultural enterprises, which holds that these enterprises have great influence in the industry, but their brand awareness in the consumer market is very low, and the brand awareness of 50 leading agricultural enterprises is even less than 10%.

"This is the status quo of agricultural brands." Hu Xiaoyun, director of China Agricultural Brand Research Center of Zhejiang University, believes that for a long time, the decentralized management of agriculture and the limited ability to create brands have seriously lagged behind the development of agricultural products brands.

The same is true of the actual consumption feeling. Especially in some remote areas, many high-quality agricultural products, "bred in an inner chamber, with no one knowing her", can neither leave the local area and become a delicacy on the table of the people of the whole country, nor generate more additional benefits for producers. Taking tea as an example, it is no exaggeration to say that almost all the best tea varieties in the world are in China, but there are many and complicated tea brands in China, and there are even hundreds of brands in some counties. Keke, director of the Marketing Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, told the reporter that although there have been some tea brands with outstanding characteristics in recent years, there is still a huge gap with internationally renowned brands, so that there is a saying in the industry that "thousands of tea enterprises are defeated by one Lipton".

Building a brand is not an overnight success. The brand building of agricultural products in China started late, and there are few truly competitive brands. The influence of most brands only stays in a local area and a limited period, and there are even fewer internationally renowned brands. Some brands with advantages can’t maintain their influence for a long time because of imperfect protection mechanisms. At the same time, limited by the characteristics of agriculture, the uneven distribution of brand development areas and types, unreasonable distribution of main structure, small brand scale, many brands of primary processed products and low scientific and technological content have also affected brand building to a great extent.

Don’t let regional brands overdraw.

Some people figuratively compare regional public brands to "umbrellas". Under the background of the widespread spread of regional public brands, many agricultural subjects would rather lie under the umbrella and "sleep" than build their own corporate brands. This way of thinking, which only knows how to take but not how to give, is seriously hindering the development of regional public brands.

Brand building of agricultural products should be combined with regional characteristics. At present, there are more than 500 regional public agricultural products brands in China. All localities pay more attention to declaring and promoting regional public brands, building local characteristic industries and enhancing local image industries, but the authorization, supervision and management of regional public brands are lagging behind, and the corresponding supervision system and authorization and withdrawal mechanism have not been generally established, resulting in problems such as "widespread use" of regional public brands and "abuse" by unauthorized production and business units. This tendency of "bad money drives out good money" is seriously hindering the development of regional public brands in China.

Some people figuratively compare regional public brands to "umbrellas", and corporate brands can be sheltered by "umbrellas". Under the background of the widespread spread of regional public brands, many agricultural subjects would rather lie under the umbrella and "sleep" than build their own corporate brands. A typical example is the former West Lake Longjing. On the one hand, many enterprises have been actively building brands. On the other hand, more enterprises choose to "lie down and make money" by relying on the big tree of regional public brands. They have made little contribution to regional public brands, but they just ask for it blindly, and even gold-lettered signboards are inevitably overdrawn. The decline in the value of regional brands and the failure to establish corporate brands once affected the entire industrial chain of West Lake Longjing, which did great harm to the brand.

On the other hand, another successful example-Chinese cabbage in Jiaozhou, Shandong Province. Jiaozhou city Chinese Cabbage Association is responsible for cultivating and managing the regional public brand of Jiaozhou Chinese Cabbage, and implements the management mode of "production base certification system and product quality traceability system". Only Chinese cabbages recognized by the association and produced by authorized farmers can be labeled "Jiaozhou Chinese Cabbage", otherwise they can only be sold as "Jiaozhou Chinese Cabbage". In the past few years, the market price of "Jiaozhou Chinese Cabbage" has remained at a high level in 30 yuan, which can be called "selling the meat price", but there are many times when "Jiaozhou Chinese Cabbage" costs a few cents per catty.

At the same time, the frequent appearance of fake and shoddy products further enhances the difficulty coefficient of brand building of agricultural products. "In the past, people often said that’ Wuchang rice is the best in the world, and the rice in the world is fake Wuchang’. Although this statement is somewhat exaggerated, it also reflects the embarrassment of reality to a certain extent and seriously affects the vital interests of consumers and producers." Wang Zhonglin, vice president of China Cooperative Economic Association, said, "Theoretically, what is fake is fake, and no matter how disguised it is, it is impossible to replace the real thing. However, in the case of asymmetric market information, genuine products will be seriously hurt in a short period of time, and may even be’ killed’ by counterfeit products because of cost disadvantage. How to change this situation? We must do anti-counterfeiting according to law. "

Counterfeiting according to law requires multi-party efforts. The measures taken by wuchang city in Heilongjiang Province are to ensure product quality and channel safety through standard planting, closed processing, fixed-point sales and credit commitment. If the products produced fail to meet the promised standards, they will be paid in a ratio of 5: 1, and the public brands will not be damaged from three aspects: enterprise self-discipline, industry supervision and anti-counterfeiting rights protection.

Embrace new opportunities of environmental policy

E-commerce is a new marketing tool and method, which can easily form a good communication atmosphere with consumers, and can simultaneously solve two major difficulties in cultivating agricultural brands, namely, how to build convenient channels and carry out effective publicity. In addition, although agricultural developed countries have different paths in brand building of agricultural products, one thing is the same, that is, they all regard brand building as a national strategy to participate in global agricultural competition.

"The rapid development of agricultural products e-commerce has brought new opportunities to the development of brand agriculture. The difficulty in cultivating agricultural brands lies in how to build convenient channels and carry out effective publicity. E-commerce has solved both major problems at once. " Zhang Ruidong, a senior researcher at Ali Research Institute, said that e-commerce is a new marketing tool and method, and it is easy to form a good communication atmosphere with consumers. In recent years, many young people’s favorite agricultural brands such as "Three Squirrels" have sprung up in Taobao, which are more in line with the cultural preferences of "post-80s" and "post-90s". This is a successful case of "1+1>2".

"Many agricultural products in China have unique variety characteristics, regional characteristics and cultural connotations, which contain great brand value. The natural selectivity of agricultural production is very strong. When building brands, agricultural products should be based on resource advantages, tap agricultural characteristics and highlight differentiation. " Zhang Yuxiang, president of China Agricultural Products Market Association, believes that although the participation of e-commerce, Internet of Things and other technologies in modern agriculture is getting deeper and deeper, the regionality of agricultural products is still very obvious. "Science and technology should be closely integrated with traditional farming civilization, fully explore the unique resource environment, unique local traditional technological processes and folk customs, and jointly build regional brands."

Experts said that the agricultural developed countries have different paths in brand building of agricultural products, but one thing is the same, that is, they all regard brand building as a national strategy to participate in global agricultural competition. For example, scientifically planning brand development strategy, establishing international brand certification system and quality management system, strengthening brand innovation and protection, increasing government support and improving social service system are all experiences that can be used for reference by brand agriculture in China.

"The next five to ten years will be the golden period for the development and growth of agricultural brands in China. We expect more and more China agricultural brands to make their debut, enrich the dining tables of the people of China and the people of the world, and show the world the power of China agriculture. " Keke said.

Source | Deep sound

Author | Zuyang

Overnight, the short play pressed the "double speed button".

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1905 movie network news Hollywood sci-fi movies based on Frank Herbert’s famous sci-fi novels are being released in major theaters all over the country. At present, the box office in the mainland has broken 243 million and is gradually rising. The global box office is close to 400 million US dollars. Since its release, word-of-mouth and topics have been "bombed" constantly, and the popularity of the whole network has continued to soar. Today, the official release of the special feature of the China trip by the director and his wife and producer, the magnificent trip to the Forbidden City, the enthusiastic post-screening exchange, and the continuous conversations with mainland coffee makers all showed the wonderful trip of director denis villeneuve in China and left precious memories for all China fans and friends.

The movie Dune 2 is directed by "the new godfather of science fiction movies" denis villeneuve (), starring,,,,,,,, Florence Pew, etc., and is being shown. Don’t miss the strongest immersion trip in the cinema.

The works of the first Hollywood director who came to China after being released were deeply influenced by China culture.

On the occasion of Dune 2 being shown in national cinemas, denis villeneuve, the director of Dune 2, the new godfather of science fiction movies in China, and Tanya Laponte, the producer of Dune 2, came to China for a series of special activities. This made denis villeneuve the first Hollywood director to come to China to participate in the meeting activities and thank his fans and friends after the film was released, and his sincerity was extraordinary. This trip to China was warmly welcomed by all the friends who like Dune 2 and director Villeneuve.

During his trip to China, director Villeneuve said that he had visited China 34 years ago while filming a documentary for Canadian television, and stayed in Sichuan and Chongqing for a month. At that time, he was shocked and attracted by China culture. There are obvious China elements in director Villeneuve’s works, such as Coming, Blade Runner 2049, Dune, and Dune 2, which is currently being shown in mainland cinemas. Therefore, it is of great significance for the director to return to China this time. The director and his wife’s trip to China was very fruitful: they visited the magnificent Forbidden City; Ate the "China Famous Food" candied haws; I tried Chinese wolfberry and jujube tea. I saw China’s "worm" frozen bamboo shoots, snowballing and dried worms; China’s "Spice" was warmly presented by fans and friends, and there was also a banner with China characteristics praising the director’s "Cow Wow Cow Wow". Wave after wave of surprises has also made netizens all over the network relish.

It is of great significance for Villeneuve to talk to the cinema of Dune 2, a big coffee from all walks of life in the Mainland.

In this special issue of China, director Villeneuve had in-depth talks with "the representative of China science fiction films", the director and producer of mainland high-box-office films, and cultural celebrities. Director Villeneuve said that he would be honored if he could visit the shooting scene of director Frant Gwo later, and the atmosphere of exchanging signed posters between them was warm. In the dialogue with director Chen Sicheng, director Chen Sicheng praised director Villeneuve, saying that "a good artist is not creating, but awakening something". This view made director Villeneuve deeply agree with him and said that he was very happy to be recognized. Finally, I received a gift carefully prepared by Director Chen Sicheng for Director Villeneuve and his wife. The visual impact and humanistic thinking in Dune 2 also deeply shocked Xu Zhiyuan, a cultural celebrity, and they had an unprecedented in-depth dialogue.

Director Villeneuve heard in this trip to China that not all cities in the mainland have enough special format halls for everyone to watch Dune 2, so he sincerely and intimately said that every format version was carefully supervised by him. So as long as you watch Dune 2 in the cinema, no matter what kind of screen and audio-visual hardware, you can feel different charms. As long as you watch Dune 2 in the cinema, you can feel how impressive and memorable a work that is really made for movies can be. At present, many movie fans in the mainland have watched it many times, both in special formats and ordinary movie theaters. Everyone wants to experience this unprecedented "cinema movie" when it is shown in major theaters.

The Hollywood sci-fi movie Dune 2 is being shown in cinemas all over the country, and the annual screen must be seen!

I believe that netizens who like to play Tik Tok have found a milk tea stalk in Tik Tok recently. If you want to say "milk tea", many netizens know who it is, so who is this milk tea girl? What does milk tea girl mean? Where did it come from? Let Xiaobian introduce it to you!

What is the stem of Tik Tok milk tea girl?

Before, ZhangZetian, the sister of milk tea, became popular because of a photo with milk tea in her hand, and was called "the most popular school flower in China" by netizens because of her pure appearance. After that, although a series of things happened, some people on the Internet said that Sister of milk tea had become "Sister of Matcha", but it must be said that Sister of milk tea was once the most beautiful and pure beauty.

What does Tik Tok milk tea girl mean?

The milk tea girl here does not refer to a certain girl, but generally refers to all the girls who have been in a sweet state in the school. This kind of girl is considerate, gentle and considerate, giving each other a sweet and beautiful feeling. Most importantly, milk tea has been sweet from beginning to end and has never turned sour. Therefore, if we say that a girl is a "milk tea girl" in Tik Tok, it must be the best praise for this girl.

Where does Tik Tok milk tea girl come from?

Although the milk tea girl is an adjective with fire in Tik Tok, Xiao Bian thinks that every girl is a "milk tea girl" in the love stage, so I hope every boy can take good care of the "milk tea girl" around him and not let her deteriorate.

Introduction of Tik Tok drinking milk tea and pig girl

In Tik Tok, drinking milk tea, pigs and girls means that all girls who like drinking milk tea are pigs and girls.

Many girls like to drink milk tea. No matter whether they are happy or unhappy, whether they are in love or lovelorn, they always drink a cup of milk tea they like. In Tik Tok, there are also many young ladies who drink milk tea every day. As a result, some netizens found that young ladies are "gaining weight" at a speed visible to the naked eye.

Now all kinds of milk tea shops emerge in an endless stream, a little bit, Coco, Modern China Tea Shop, the answer milk tea and so on. Milk tea is simply the biggest stumbling block on all girls’ roads. Therefore, the description of "pig girl who drinks milk tea" in Tik Tok refers to all girls who like to drink milk tea. In this small series, we should also remind everyone that although milk tea is delicious, its weight is really eye-catching, so in order not to become a pig girl, we should drink less milk tea.

The above is the introduction of Tik Tok milk tea girl shared by PConline Xiaobian. I hope it will help you!

Promoting statistical work in the new era and realizing high-quality development

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Interpretation of the revised statistical law

Our reporter Zhu ningning

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On September 13th, the 11th meeting of the 14th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) passed the Decision of the NPC Standing Committee on Amending the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China. The revised Statistics Law added 3 new articles and revised 21 articles.

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Statistics fromSince it was formulated in 1983, it has played a very important role in standardizing the orderly development of statistical work, ensuring the quality of statistical data and promoting the reform and construction of statistical system. However, statistical fraud, fraud, imperfect statistical supervision system, insufficient supervision effectiveness and other issues are more prominent, and it is urgent to revise the statistical law and strengthen the top-level design.

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"The revision of the statistical law is a revision rather than a revision. On the basis of keeping the current statistical law system framework basically unchanged, it focuses on statistical supervision, prevention and punishment of statistical fraud, and statistical information sharing, and has supplemented, revised and improved the statistical law." Shi Hong, director of the Social Law Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee, said.

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According to reports, the revision of the statistical law adheres to the problem orientation, enriches the basic statistical functions such as statistical supervision, supplements and improves the basic statistical systems such as statistical investigation, national economic accounting, statistical data management and publication, and strengthens the legal responsibility for illegal acts such as statistical fraud. Filling in the shortcomings and weaknesses of the legal system will provide a solid guarantee for the rule of law to fundamentally solve some deep-seated contradictions and problems that have long plagued statistical work and promote the high-quality development of statistical work.

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Strengthening statistical supervision is one of the main contents of this revision. The revised statistics law is clear in the legislative purpose."Strengthen statistical supervision". At the same time, it is stipulated that the state should build a statistical supervision system with complete system, high efficiency, strong constraints and reliable authority; Statistical institutions shall, according to the statistical investigation system and approved plans, conduct statistical supervision on the implementation of major national economic and social policies and measures and the performance of statistical statutory duties in all regions and departments.

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In terms of strengthening the responsibility of preventing and punishing statistical fraud, the revised statistics law stipulates that the heads of local people’s governments at all levels, statistical agencies of people’s governments at or above the county level, relevant departments and units shall not express or imply that subordinate units and their personnel or statistical investigation objects fill in false statistical data, and increase corresponding legal responsibilities; It is stipulated that local people’s governments at all levels, statistical agencies of people’s governments at or above the county level and relevant departments shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, include the prevention and punishment of statistical fraud and fraud in the scope of responsibilities for administration and performance of duties according to law, establish and improve relevant responsibility systems, strengthen the assessment and management of leading cadres’ statistical work, and investigate legal responsibilities for statistical fraud and fraud according to law; It is stipulated that the state shall implement a unified national economic accounting system, and the National Bureau of Statistics shall organize and implement the regional GDP accounting work in a unified way; Increase legal responsibility for the behavior of the responsible person who neglects the serious inaccuracy of statistical data; And increase the provisions of the bottom, throughThe way of "enumerating and covering the bottom" ensures that all kinds of statistical fraud and fraud are fully investigated for legal responsibility.

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In addition, the revised statistics law has also improved the provisions of legal liability, including: connecting with the reform of supervision system, civil service law, administrative punishment law of public officials, administrative reconsideration law, law on guarding state secrets, data security law, personal information protection law, etc., and modifying the relevant expressions; Strengthen the investigation of legal responsibility for statistical fraud and fraud; Increase the amount of fines for enterprises, institutions or other organizations that refuse to provide statistical data and other illegal acts; Increase civil liability, and those who violate the provisions of this law and cause personal injury or property loss shall bear civil liability according to law.

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"This revision of the statistical law focuses on strengthening the party’s leadership, strengthening statistical supervision, improving statistical science, preventing and punishing statistical fraud, etc. to promote the high-quality development of statistical work, and make more targeted and operational regulations, with prominent points and more highlights." Mao Shengyong, member of the party group and deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said.

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Mao Shengyong said that in general, it is mainly reflected in the following aspects: increasing relevant regulations on statistical supervision and promoting statistical supervision to play a more effective role in the party and state supervision system; Reflect the requirements of the new development concept and strive to improve the statistical service ability; Consolidate the reform achievements such as unified accounting of regional GDP around the macro-decision of quality service; TwistThe "responsibility system" is a bull’s nose, adding provisions to further prevent statistical fraud; Strengthen the sharing of statistical information among departments, and improve the utilization efficiency of statistical data and the overall efficiency of government statistics.

　　Relevant policy documents: Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China

Jing Zheng Fa [1992] No.20

The people’s governments of all districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices:

　 　 The municipal government agrees with the Opinions of the Municipal Planning Commission, the Municipal Economic Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxation Bureau, and the Municipal Statistics Bureau on reforming the evaluation and assessment indicators of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits, which are hereby forwarded to you.

　 　 Reforming the evaluation index of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits are supporting measures to promote the focus of economic work to adjust the structure and improve the efficiency track, and are important steps to realize the transition to the new national economic accounting system. This major reform involves a wide range, heavy workload and difficult operation. The people’s governments of all districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices should strengthen organizational leadership and give necessary support to the work of the statistical departments in terms of manpower, material resources and financial resources. All relevant departments should support each other and cooperate closely to ensure the successful completion of this work.

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　March 31, 1992　 　　

On the reform of industrial economic evaluation and assessment indicators

Opinions on establishing an assessment system for industrial economic benefits

Municipal government:

　 　 In order to implement the spirit of the State Council’s notice (Guo Fa [1992] No.10) on improving the report of industrial production evaluation and assessment indicators, which was approved by the State Planning Commission, the State Council Production Office and National Bureau of Statistics, we have widely listened to the opinions of relevant departments and put forward our opinions on reforming the evaluation and assessment indicators of industrial economy and establishing the evaluation system of industrial economic benefits on the basis of some pilot enterprises. The report is as follows:

　 　 I. Main contents of the reform

　 　 1, the establishment of "industrial added value" and "industrial sales output value" monthly statistical system.

　 　 (1) In order to reflect the final results of industrial production and operation more scientifically and comprehensively, and overcome the defects of double counting of total industrial output value, the future industrial development speed will be evaluated mainly with the index of "industrial added value". The industrial added value is calculated on the basis of the current industrial net output value index. In order to reflect the development speed of industrial added value, it is proposed to adopt the price ratio coefficient of the same period constant price industrial total output value and the current price industrial total output value, and adjust the current industrial added value to the calculation speed of industrial added value calculated at comparable prices.

　 　 (2) In order to fully reflect the scale, speed and the connection between production and marketing of realized products in industrial production, the index of "industrial sales output value" is added to the current monthly report of "Total Industrial Output Value and Output of Main Products". The industrial sales output value is calculated at both current price and constant price, and the "industrial product sales rate" is calculated by comparing the current industrial sales output value with the current industrial output value, and the industrial sales development speed is calculated by using the constant price sales output value.

　 　 In the future, the total industrial output value index will no longer be used as the main index to evaluate the industrial scale and development speed, but only as the general statistical and analytical index.

　 　 2, the establishment of industrial economic benefit assessment system.

　 　 (1) Assessment content: In order to comprehensively reflect the industrial economic benefits from the comparative relationship between input and output of various production factors, according to the national assessment index system, the six indicators for assessing the industrial economic benefits in our city are:

　 　 ① Sales rate of industrial products

　 　 ② Profit and tax rate of industrial capital

　 　 ③ Profit rate of industrial cost

　 　 ④ Net industrial output rate

　 　 ⑤ Labor productivity of all industrial employees (calculated by net industrial output value)

　 　 ⑥ Turnover times of all working capital

　 　 (See Annex I for the calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators)

　 　 (2) Assessment method: The comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits is calculated according to the six assessment indicators with reference to the unified national method, so as to evaluate and assess the economic benefits of all districts and counties, industrial bureaus (head offices) and industrial enterprises. The higher the index value, the better the economic benefit.

　 　 (See Annex II for the calculation method of comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits)

　 　 (3) Assessment method: monthly assessment and quarterly internal notification system shall be implemented for all districts and counties and industrial bureaus (head offices). The Municipal Bureau of Statistics reflects the industrial economic benefits of each district, county and industrial bureau (head office) in the form of statistical data on a monthly basis; Be informed internally by the municipal leaders on a quarterly basis.

　 　 3. Establish a monthly statistical system for major economic indicators of independent accounting industrial enterprises at and above the township level.

　 　 In order to comprehensively reflect, analyze and evaluate industrial economic benefits on a monthly basis, and meet the needs of calculating assessment indicators and industrial added value, 48 major economic indicators, such as sales revenue, sales cost, sales tax, total profit, profits and taxes paid, retained profits of enterprises, net fixed assets, occupation of working capital, three funds (finished goods funds, goods issued and prepaid payment receivable) and net industrial output value, have been set up, which are reported by all independent accounting industrial enterprises at the township level and above in the city on a monthly basis. (See Annex III for the main economic indicators)

　 　 4. Establish a monthly statistical system for the production, sales and storage of major industrial products of industrial enterprises at or above the county level.

　 　 In order to reflect the adaptation of industrial products to social needs from the aspects of production, sales and inventory, and provide a basis for adjusting industrial structure, limiting production and reducing storage, the production, sales and inventory of 177 major industrial products (see Annex 4 for the catalogue) are monitored on a monthly basis for industrial enterprises at or above the county level.

　 　 Second, organize the implementation of work division and steps

　 　 1, according to the requirements of the reform of industrial economic evaluation index, the relevant departments should clear responsibilities, close cooperation, step by step implementation.

　 　 The Municipal Bureau of Statistics is responsible for formulating and improving the corresponding statistical report system, and training the relevant personnel of the statistical departments of all districts and counties (head offices), and starting from the submission of the first quarter data in April.

　 　 The Municipal Planning Commission shall, on the basis of establishing and improving the relevant statistical system, study and put forward the corresponding reform plan index system during the year, and strive to implement it gradually from the preparation of the 1993 plan.

　 　 The Municipal Economic Commission should take the reformed industrial economic evaluation and assessment indicators as an important basis to guide the dispatching of industrial production, and apply the reformed evaluation and assessment indicators to the methods of improving enterprise contract, transforming operating mechanism and linking work efficiency.

　 　 The Municipal Finance Bureau should actively support the statistics department and improve the accounting statement system accordingly. In order to ensure the reporting time stipulated by the state and the municipal government, the financial settlement time of industrial enterprises with independent accounting in cities, districts, counties and towns will be advanced to 25 days in advance every month. The calculation period of monthly tax payable of enterprises also changes accordingly (that is, from 26th of last month to 25th of this month). The time limit for tax declaration and tax storage shall remain unchanged according to the current tax law. The financial departments at all levels should provide relevant financial information to the comprehensive statistical department at the same level in a timely manner according to the prescribed time and requirements, and establish the necessary data submission system. The specific implementation measures for improving the accounting system and providing financial information shall be formulated by the Municipal Finance Bureau in conjunction with the Municipal Bureau of Statistics.

　 　 Departments of taxation, banking, foreign trade, industry and commerce administration, and labor should also provide relevant financial and business information to the statistics department in a timely manner. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics shall, jointly with the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Municipal Taxation Bureau, the Municipal Agricultural Office, the Municipal Urban Production and Service Cooperatives, and the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission, study and establish a sound accounting basic work and accounting report system for township offices, streets, foreign-invested and other non-budgetary industrial enterprises.

　 　 2, all enterprises should strengthen the basic work of statistics, accounting, business accounting, establish and improve all kinds of original records and statistical accounts, to meet the requirements of industrial economic evaluation and assessment index reform. Leaders of enterprises should pay full attention to this work, organize statistics, sales, finance and other relevant departments to formulate measures, establish a data provision system, clarify responsibilities, and link them with the responsibility system, implement rewards and punishments, and effectively ensure that statisticians report statistical reports in a timely manner in strict accordance with the prescribed report format, index meaning, calculation method, classification catalogue and submission time. We should find ways to solve the difficulties encountered by statisticians in their work.

　 　 3. After the reform of industrial economic evaluation and assessment, the workload of statistical departments at all levels has increased greatly. The people’s governments of districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the head offices should increase the necessary manpower for the statistical departments, equipped with special microcomputers and remote networking transmission equipment; According to the principle of grading burden, the finance at the same level gives the statistics department the necessary special funds every year to ensure the development of the work.

　 　 4, all units should persist in seeking truth from facts, truthfully reflect the situation, leaders at all levels should take the lead in conscientiously implementing the "Statistics Law", to ensure that statisticians perform their duties according to law, and no unit or individual shall interfere with the truthful reporting of statistical data.

　 　 If there is nothing wrong with the above report, please forward it to all units for implementation.

Appendix 1: Meaning and calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators.

Annex II: Calculation Method of Comprehensive Index of Industrial Economic Benefits

Annex III: Catalogue of Main Economic Indicators

Appendix 4: Sales and Inventory Catalogue of Major Industrial Products

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　City planning commission 　 　 　　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal Economic Commission　 　　　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal Finance Bureau 　 　 　 　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal tax bureau　 　　　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　Municipal statistics bureau　 　　　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　March 1992　 　　

Annex I:

The meaning and calculation method of six industrial economic benefit assessment indexes

　 　 1. Sales rate of industrial products: mainly reflects the degree to which industrial products meet social needs. The calculation formula is:

　 　 　Sales rate of industrial products (%) = industrial sales output value (calculated at current price) ÷ total industrial output value (calculated at current price) × 100%

　 　 2. Profit and tax rate of industrial capital: it mainly reflects the degree of benefits realized by all capital investment of the industry. The calculation formula is:

　 　 　Profit and tax rate of industrial capital (%) = (total realized profits and taxes ÷ total capital) × (12 cumulative months )× 100%.

　 　 (Note: 1. The total realized profit and tax refers to the sum of product sales tax, education surcharge, resource tax and total profit.

　 　 2. All funds refer to the sum of the average balance of net fixed assets and the average balance of all working capital)

　 　 3. Profit rate of industrial cost: It mainly reflects the economic benefits of industrial cost reduction. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Industrial cost profit rate (%) = total realized profit ÷ product sales factory cost × 100%

　 　 4. Net industrial output rate: mainly reflecting the economic benefits of reducing materialized labor consumption by industry. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Net industrial output rate (%) = net industrial output value (calculated at current price) ÷ total industrial output value (calculated at current price) × 100%

　 　 5. Labor productivity of all industrial employees: it mainly reflects the newly created production achievements of each employee in an industrial enterprise in a certain period of time, and explains the economic benefits of living labor. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Industrial total labor productivity (yuan/person) = industrial net output value (calculated at current prices) ÷ average number of all employees.

　 　 6. Turnover times of total working capital: it mainly reflects the turnover situation of working capital of industrial enterprises, so as to show the economic benefits of working capital utilization. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Total liquidity turnover times (times) = (product sales revenue ÷ average balance of total liquidity) ×(12÷ cumulative months)

Annex II:

Calculation method of comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit

　 　 1, the city’s industrial economic benefit comprehensive index is calculated in accordance with the unified national regulations. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the national standard value of the indicator × the weight) ÷ the total weight.

　 　 2, all districts and counties, the industrial bureau (head office) industrial economic benefit comprehensive index calculation formula is:

　 　 Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the standard value of the indicator in the whole city × the weight) ÷ the total weight.

　 　 In order to make the evaluation results more realistic, each industrial bureau (head office) will calculate a comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits based on the national standard value of the same industry, and carry out evaluation and assessment. The calculation formula is:

　 　 Comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits = σ (the value of an economic benefit indicator in the reporting period ÷ the national standard value of the indicator in the same industry × weight) ÷ the total weight.

　 　 (Note: the national standard value, the city standard value and the national standard value of the same industry are the average levels during the Seventh Five-Year Plan period respectively)

　 　 3. The weights of six industrial economic benefit assessment indicators are as follows:

　 　 　 　 Index name weight

　 　 (1) Sales rate of industrial products 15

　 　 (2) Industrial capital profit and tax rate 30

　 　 (3) Industrial cost profit rate 15

　 　 (4) The rate of industrial net output value is 10.

　 　 (5) Industrial total labor productivity 10

　 　 (6) Total liquidity turnover times 20

　 　 　 　 Total 100

Annex III:

Catalogue of main economic indicators

　 　 1. Product sales revenue

　 　 2. Among them: sales revenue of new products.

　 　 3. Among them: product sales tax.

　 　 4, product sales factory cost

　 　 5. Product sales and other expenses

　 　 6. Among them: education surcharge.

　 　 7. Resource tax

　 　 8. Total profit (loss is indicated by "-")

　 　 9. Taxes and fees payable

　 　 10, the enterprise profit.

　 　 11. Paid taxes and fees

　 　 12. Average balance of net fixed assets

　 　 13. Depreciation expense

　 　 14, the extraction of major repair fund

　 　 15. Total sources of working capital

　 　 16. Among them: national circulating fund.

　 　 17, enterprise liquidity fund

　 　 18. Payables and advance receipts

　 　 19. Total borrowed funds

　 　 20. Among them: working capital loan.

　 　 21, the total liquidity at the end of the occupation

　 　 22. Fixed amount of liquidity occupied at the end of the period

　 　 23. Among them: reserve funds.

　 　 24, production funds

　 　 25, finished product funds

　 　 26. Send out goods

　 　 27. Receivables and prepayments

　 　 28. Total wages of all employees

　 　 29. Gross industrial output value (constant price in 1990)

　 　 30. Gross industrial output value (current price)

　 　 31. Among them: output value of new products.

　 　 32. Net industrial output value (current price)

　 　 33. Earned product sales profit and payable product sales tax.

　 　 34. Among them: sales tax payable for products.

　 　 35. Salary

　 　 36, employee welfare fund

　 　 37. Interest expense

　 　 38. Others

　 　 39. Among them: expenses paid to intangible production departments.

　 　 40. Expenses paid to individuals

　 　 41, technology development funds raised

　 　 42. Among them: self-raised by the enterprise.

　 　 43, the total expenditure of technology development funds

　 　 44. Number of technology development institutions

　 　 45. Number of technical development projects

　 　 46. Number of technical developers

　 　 47. Average number of all employees

　 　 48. Number of new product varieties

Annex IV:

Catalogue of sales and inventory of major industrial products

　 　 1. Steel

　 　 2. Pig iron

　 　 3. Steel (finished steel)

　 　 4. Among them: ordinary medium-sized steel.

　 　 5, ordinary small steel

　 　 6, high quality steel profiles

　 　 7. Wire rod

　 　 8, medium thick steel plate

　 　 9, thin steel plate

　 　 10, silicon (silicon) steel sheet

　 　 11. Steel Strip

　 　 12, seamless steel pipe

　 　 13, welding steel pipe

　 　 14. Iron ore (raw ore)

　 　 15. Iron concentrate powder

　 　 16. Ferroalloy (electric furnace)

　 　 17. Coke

　 　 18, ten kinds of non-ferrous metals

　 　 19. Among them: copper (electrolytic copper)

　 　 20.aluminum

　 　 21. Lead

　 　 22, copper

　 　 23, aluminum

　 　 24. Gold

　 　 25, raw coal

　 　 26, clean coal washing

　 　 27, crude oil processing capacity

　 　 28. Total amount of steam, coal and firewood.

　 　 29. Among them: gasoline.

　 　 30, kerosene

　 　 31. Diesel oil

　 　 32. Lubricating oil

　 　 33. Fuel oil (heavy oil)

　 　 34, liquefied petroleum gas (volume)

　 　 35, synthetic fiber polymer

　 　 36, chemical fiber monomer

　 　 37. Sulfuric acid (equivalent to 100%)

　 　 38. Concentrated nitric acid (equivalent to 100%)

　 　 39, caustic soda (100%)

　 　 40, soda ash

　 　 41. Synthetic ammonia (physical quantity)

　 　 42. Fertilizer (100% conversion of effective ingredients)

　 　 43. Among them: nitrogen fertilizer

　 　 44, phosphate fertilizer

　 　 45, potash fertilizer

　 　 46, calcium carbide (equivalent)

　 　 47. Refined methanol

　 　 48. Ethylene

　 　 49. Pure benzene

　 　 50, synthetic rubber

　 　 51. Dyes

　 　 52. Paint

　 　 53 plastic

　 　 54. Among them: PVC.

　 　 55, tire (tire)

　 　 56. Chemical medicine (original medicine)

　 　 57. Total amount of Chinese patent medicines

　 　 58. Total value of medical devices

　 　 59. Elevator

　 　 60, power generation equipment (more than 500 kilowatts)

　 　 61. Locomotive (diesel locomotive)

　 　 62. Truck

　 　 63. Industrial boilers

　 　 64. AC motor

　 　 65, transformer

　 　 66, metal cutting machine tools

　 　 67. Among them: CNC machine tools.

　 　 68, high precision machine tools

　 　 69, large machine tools

　 　 70. Printing machine

　 　 71. Cars

　 　 72. Among them: truck.

　 　 73 and 130 trucks

　 　 74 and 121 trucks

　 　 75. Off-road vehicles

　 　 76, motorcycle

　 　 77. refitting cars

　 　 78. Among them: special modified car.

　 　 79, station wagon

　 　 80. Internal combustion engine (commodity volume) (10,000 kilowatts/10,000 horsepower)

　 　 81, in which: diesel engine (10,000 horsepower)

　 　 82, gasoline engine (ten thousand horsepower)

　 　 83, auto parts

　 　 84. Combine harvester

　 　 85, small tractors (below 20 horsepower)

　 　 86. Electronic computers

　 　 87. Microcomputer

　 　 88, pocket electronic calculator

　 　 89. Film projector

　 　 90. TV

　 　 91. Among them: color TV sets.

　 　 92. Radio

　 　 93. tape recorder

　 　 94. Among them: Dual-card recorder.

　 　 95. Video recorder

　 　 96.camera

　 　 97, picture tube

　 　 98. Semiconductor devices (commodity volume)

　 　 99, radio components (quantity)

　 　 100, cement

　 　 101, flat glass (weight box/square meter)

　 　 102, brick

　 　 103, sanitary ceramics

　 　 104, wood-based panels

　 　 105, sawn timber

　 　 106, coarse sand

　 　 107, market furniture

　 　 108, cement equipment

　 　 109, chemical fiber

　 　 110. Among them: synthetic fibers.

　 　 111 yarn

　 　 112.cloth

　 　 113. Among them: pure cotton cloth.

　 　 114, pure chemical fiber cloth

　 　 115, polyester blended fabric

　 　 116, printing and dyeing cloth

　 　 117. Among them: polyester cotton cloth.

　 　 118, sweaters and pants

　 　 119, wool

　 　 120, woolen cloth

　 　 121. Among them: worsted goods.

　 　 122, woolen goods

　 　 123.blankets

　 　 124, sacks

　 　 125, silk

　 　 126. Silk products

　 　 127, machine-made paper and paperboard

　 　 128, in which: embossed paper.

　 　 129, self-use textbook paper

　 　 Sewing machine

　 　 131. Bicycles

　 　 Household refrigerator

　 　 133. Among them: two-door refrigerator.

　 　 134, household refrigeration, freezer

　 　 135, household washing machine

　 　 136. Among them: Double-barrel washing machine.

　 　 137, civil electric fan

　 　 138, room air conditioner

　 　 139, synthetic detergent

　 　 140, soap (excluding soap)

　 　 141 cigarettes

　 　 142, light bulb

　 　 143.watches

　 　 144, daily glass products

　 　 145, daily enamel products

　 　 146. Among them: enamel basin.

　 　 147, daily ceramic products

　 　 148.piano

　 　 149, plastic products

　 　 150. Among them: agricultural film.

　 　 151, daily refined aluminum products

　 　 152, leather (cowhide)

　 　 153, in which: pigskin (natural Zhang)

　 　 154 leather shoes

　 　 155. Shoes

　 　 156.clothes

　 　 157, carpet

　 　 158, civil furnace

　 　 159, chimney

　 　 160, sugar

　 　 161, canned food

　 　 162, candy

　 　 163, soda

　 　 164, drinks and wine

　 　 165. Among them: white wine.

　 　 166, beer

　 　 167. Wine

　 　 168, monosodium glutamate

　 　 169, dairy products

　 　 170, cakes

　 　 171, fresh milk processing

　 　 172, soy sauce

　 　 173, flour

　 　 174, edible vegetable oil

　 　 175, with, mixed feed

　 　 176, pesticides

　 　 177, glacial acetic acid